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This paper presents a novel methodology for assessing islanding microgrids from the economical and functional perspective, for various stakeholders. The paper proposes the triggers for competitive deployment of microgeneration, storage, microgrid islanding, the market conditions that apply, and discusses the future tendencies and the policy recommendations to foster microgrid benefits. The validation of the proposed scheme is based on real market cases, where the triggers for autogeneration and islanding microgrids are present. Additionally, the new concept of grid independence cycle is presented and analyzed. The policy implications of a situation where grid consumption reduction leads to higher energy prices are presented and discussed. The paper concludes with a summary of prioritized technical and regulatory recommendations, proposed as a result of the assessment.
Antonio Colmenar-Santos; Carlos De Palacio; Lorenzo Alfredo Enríquez-García; África López-Rey. A Methodology for Assessing Islanding of Microgrids: Between Utility Dependence and Off-Grid Systems. Energies 2015, 8, 4436 -4454.
AMA StyleAntonio Colmenar-Santos, Carlos De Palacio, Lorenzo Alfredo Enríquez-García, África López-Rey. A Methodology for Assessing Islanding of Microgrids: Between Utility Dependence and Off-Grid Systems. Energies. 2015; 8 (5):4436-4454.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAntonio Colmenar-Santos; Carlos De Palacio; Lorenzo Alfredo Enríquez-García; África López-Rey. 2015. "A Methodology for Assessing Islanding of Microgrids: Between Utility Dependence and Off-Grid Systems." Energies 8, no. 5: 4436-4454.
Electric power losses are constantly present during the service life of wind farms and must be considered in the calculation of the income arising from selling the produced electricity. It is typical to estimate the electrical losses in the design stage as those occurring when the wind farm operates at rated power, nevertheless, it is necessary to determine a method for checking if the actual losses meet the design requirements during the operation period. In this paper, we prove that the electric losses at rated power should not be considered as a reference level and a simple methodology will be developed to analyse and foresee the actual losses in a set period as a function of the wind resource in such period, defined according to the Weibull distribution, and the characteristics of the wind farm electrical infrastructure. This methodology facilitates a simple way, to determine in the design phase and to check during operation, the actual electricity losses.
Antonio Colmenar-Santos; Severo Campíez-Romero; Lorenzo Alfredo Enríquez-García; Clara Pérez-Molina; Severo Campíñez-Romero. Simplified Analysis of the Electric Power Losses for On-Shore Wind Farms Considering Weibull Distribution Parameters. Energies 2014, 7, 6856 -6885.
AMA StyleAntonio Colmenar-Santos, Severo Campíez-Romero, Lorenzo Alfredo Enríquez-García, Clara Pérez-Molina, Severo Campíñez-Romero. Simplified Analysis of the Electric Power Losses for On-Shore Wind Farms Considering Weibull Distribution Parameters. Energies. 2014; 7 (11):6856-6885.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAntonio Colmenar-Santos; Severo Campíez-Romero; Lorenzo Alfredo Enríquez-García; Clara Pérez-Molina; Severo Campíñez-Romero. 2014. "Simplified Analysis of the Electric Power Losses for On-Shore Wind Farms Considering Weibull Distribution Parameters." Energies 7, no. 11: 6856-6885.