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This study aimed to examine how perceived everyday discrimination influences presenteeism and how conscientiousness moderates the relationship between discrimination and positive affect among older workers. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to examine the mediating effect. The moderated mediation model was examined by PROCESS. The results of the final SEM model showed that discrimination was directly positively associated with presenteeism. Furthermore, positive affect was significantly inversely correlated with discrimination and presenteeism. In addition, negative affect was significantly positively correlated with discrimination and presenteeism. The significant indirect effect between perceived everyday discrimination and positive affect was significantly mediated by positive and negative affect. In addition, the results of the moderated mediation model indicate that positive affect was more likely to be influenced by perceived everyday discrimination among older workers with less conscientiousness, as compared with those with greater conscientiousness. To enhance work outcomes of aging workers in the United States, managers should foster highly conscientious aging workers, award those who are hardworking and goal-oriented, and combine personal goals and organizational goals through bonuses, holidays, and benefits. Policymakers should be mindful of the negative impact of discrimination on presenteeism and should target lowly conscientious older workers.
Jianwei Deng; Yuangeng Guo; Hubin Shi; Yongchuang Gao; Xuan Jin; Yexin Liu; Tianan Yang. Effect of Discrimination on Presenteeism among Aging Workers in the United States: Moderated Mediation Effect of Positive and Negative Affect. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2020, 17, 1425 .
AMA StyleJianwei Deng, Yuangeng Guo, Hubin Shi, Yongchuang Gao, Xuan Jin, Yexin Liu, Tianan Yang. Effect of Discrimination on Presenteeism among Aging Workers in the United States: Moderated Mediation Effect of Positive and Negative Affect. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2020; 17 (4):1425.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJianwei Deng; Yuangeng Guo; Hubin Shi; Yongchuang Gao; Xuan Jin; Yexin Liu; Tianan Yang. 2020. "Effect of Discrimination on Presenteeism among Aging Workers in the United States: Moderated Mediation Effect of Positive and Negative Affect." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 4: 1425.
With the rapid increase of aging workforces, companies worldwide are concerned with improving the health and working status of older workers. Sense of control is an important psychological variable in sociology but has attracted less attention in studies of occupational health and management. This study examined the association of sense of control with presenteeism among aging workers in the United States. Data from the Health and Retirement Survey were analyzed, specifically, 2308 observations in 2012. Structural equation modeling was used to assess work environment, sense of control (measured in relation to personal mastery and perceived constraints), and associations with presenteeism. The moderating effect of subjective social status on the association between sense of control and presenteeism was examined with a moderated mediation model. In the final structural equation modeling model, work environment was directly inversely associated with presenteeism, and work environment was significantly inversely associated with perceived constraints. There was a direct positive association between work environment and personal mastery, a direct positive association between perceived constraints and presenteeism, and a significant inverse association between personal mastery and presenteeism. The significant indirect effects between work environment and presenteeism were significantly mediated by sense of control. Subjective social status inversely moderated the relation between presenteeism and perceived mastery, a dimension of sense of control. To increase the performance of aging workers in the United States, managers should create a work environment that facilitates access to job resources, as this might improve personal sense of control, particularly among those with high subjective social status.
Tianan Yang; Hubin Shi; Yuangeng Guo; Xuan Jin; Yexin Liu; Yongchuang Gao; Jianwei Deng. Effect of Work Environment on Presenteeism among Aging American Workers: The Moderated Mediating Effect of Sense of Control. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2019, 17, 245 .
AMA StyleTianan Yang, Hubin Shi, Yuangeng Guo, Xuan Jin, Yexin Liu, Yongchuang Gao, Jianwei Deng. Effect of Work Environment on Presenteeism among Aging American Workers: The Moderated Mediating Effect of Sense of Control. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2019; 17 (1):245.
Chicago/Turabian StyleTianan Yang; Hubin Shi; Yuangeng Guo; Xuan Jin; Yexin Liu; Yongchuang Gao; Jianwei Deng. 2019. "Effect of Work Environment on Presenteeism among Aging American Workers: The Moderated Mediating Effect of Sense of Control." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 1: 245.
Healthcare workers in China are exposed to extremely high job stress and inequitable work conditions, and the Healthy China 2030 blueprint has made them an important focus of policymakers. To examine the importance of distributive justice in Chinese medical reform, we analyzed data from 1542 healthcare workers employed in 64 primary, secondary and tertiary hospitals in 28 Chinese cities in Western, Central and Eastern China in 2018. Supervisor support, coworker support, distributive justice, and presenteeism were assessed with the supervisor support scale, coworker support scale, distributive justice scale and perceived ability to work scale, respectively. Structural equation modeling was used to examine relationships among variables. The mediating effect of distributive justice on associations between supervisor support, coworker support, and presenteeism was examined with the Sobel test. The results revealed that significant indirect effects between supervisor support and presenteeism and between coworker support and presenteeism were significantly mediated by distributive justice. Better supervisor and coworker support might improve distributive justice among healthcare workers in Chinese hospitals, thereby increasing their performance.
Tianan Yang; Run Lei; Xuan Jin; Yan Li; Yangyang Sun; Jianwei Deng. Supervisor Support, Coworker Support and Presenteeism among Healthcare Workers in China: The Mediating Role of Distributive Justice. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2019, 16, 817 .
AMA StyleTianan Yang, Run Lei, Xuan Jin, Yan Li, Yangyang Sun, Jianwei Deng. Supervisor Support, Coworker Support and Presenteeism among Healthcare Workers in China: The Mediating Role of Distributive Justice. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2019; 16 (5):817.
Chicago/Turabian StyleTianan Yang; Run Lei; Xuan Jin; Yan Li; Yangyang Sun; Jianwei Deng. 2019. "Supervisor Support, Coworker Support and Presenteeism among Healthcare Workers in China: The Mediating Role of Distributive Justice." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 5: 817.