The automated and connected vehicle will be a great technology development and it will change mobility habits. The two main positive effects of its integration are the improvement of road safety and the reduction of pollutant emissions of the vehicles. But first, the technology must be available. With the arrival of 5G (Fifth Generation), it will be a reality. However, the 5G could have some operation failures which could isolate the vehicle from the rest of the infrastructure. So, a solution is required which can improve communication reliability such that, if the 5G would fail, the short/middle range technology integrated will lead the vehicle with V2I communication. This integration would provide a reliable and strong solution. In this work, an analysis of different available communication technologies was carried out with a short/middle range, the selection criteria being lower cost and easy integration with 5G. To contrast the technologies, a validation methodology was developed, which enabled us to evaluate the performance ofV2I applications. We observed a comparatively higher performance of the module nRF24L01+ for V2I communication.

The PROBONO project has as main objective to produce validated solutions for the design, construction and operation of zero-emission and positive-energy buildings in sustainable green neighbourhoods through targeted interventions in six different Living Labs (Madrid, Dublin, Porto, Brussels, Aarhus, and Prague). In the Dublin LL, energy efficiency is addressed from multiple perspectives, being one of them to deploy a sustainable mobility infrastructure perfectly integrated with the buildings’ power grid that is able to optimize demand and supply of energy in order to maximize renewable energy use and reduce overall energy consumption. To this end, several technologies will be put in place: bi-directional chargers with V2G capabilities to allow the EV fleet of the LL to be charged in the most flexible way possible, deployment of alternative charging solutions such as battery swapping for the e-bike fleet or inductive charging for the vehicles, and second life battery banks to help minimize demand peaks during the day. All these features of the infrastructure will be managed by a secure software platform that enables optimal energy use while reducing the total cost of ownership of the charging infrastructure.

It is an essential requisite in order to achieve safe autonomous driving in urban environments, to address the mobility from a multidisciplinary approach. In this sense, technological development is crucial in both passenger and goods transport. Within Integra project, in which the work described here is framed, autonomous and connected driving is addressed from a dual perspective: urban environments and logistics environments. Thus, its activity is structured around the following lines of action: (1) improvement of perception technologies, (2) optimisation of communication technologies, (3) redesign of occupant damage mitigation technologies and (4) development of new delivery solutions. This paper summarizes the most critical aspects of each of these lines and the considerations to be taken into account to ensure the implementation of autonomous and connected driving in complex environments. In doing so, it takes into account the particular conditions of urban environments and their implication for the deployment of autonomous mobility.