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The heterogeneity of immune response to COVID-19 has been reported to correlate with disease severity and prognosis. While so, how the immune response progress along the period of viral RNA-shedding (VRS), which determines the infectiousness of disease, is yet to be elucidated. We aim to exhaustively evaluate the peripheral immune cells to expose the interplay of the immune system in uncomplicated COVID-19 cases with different VRS periods and dynamic changes of the immune cell profile in the prolonged cases. We prospectively recruited four uncomplicated COVID-19 patients and four healthy controls (HCs) and evaluated the immune cell profile throughout the disease course. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were collected and submitted to a multi-panel flowcytometric assay. CD19+-B cells were upregulated, while CD4, CD8, and NK cells were downregulated in prolonged VRS patients. Additionally, the pro-inflammatory-Th1 population showed downregulation, followed by improvement along the disease course, while the immunoregulatory cells showed upregulation with subsequent decline. COVID-19 patients with longer VRS expressed an immune profile comparable to those with severe disease, although they remained clinically stable. Further studies of immune signature in a larger cohort are warranted.
Denise Putri; Cheng-Hui Wang; Po-Chun Tseng; Wen-Sen Lee; Fu-Lun Chen; Han-Pin Kuo; Chih-Hsin Lee; Chiou-Feng Lin. Profiles of Peripheral Immune Cells of Uncomplicated COVID-19 Cases with Distinct Viral RNA Shedding Periods. Viruses 2021, 13, 514 .
AMA StyleDenise Putri, Cheng-Hui Wang, Po-Chun Tseng, Wen-Sen Lee, Fu-Lun Chen, Han-Pin Kuo, Chih-Hsin Lee, Chiou-Feng Lin. Profiles of Peripheral Immune Cells of Uncomplicated COVID-19 Cases with Distinct Viral RNA Shedding Periods. Viruses. 2021; 13 (3):514.
Chicago/Turabian StyleDenise Putri; Cheng-Hui Wang; Po-Chun Tseng; Wen-Sen Lee; Fu-Lun Chen; Han-Pin Kuo; Chih-Hsin Lee; Chiou-Feng Lin. 2021. "Profiles of Peripheral Immune Cells of Uncomplicated COVID-19 Cases with Distinct Viral RNA Shedding Periods." Viruses 13, no. 3: 514.
Lien-Hsuan Chou; Ying-Shih Su; Fu-Lun Chen; Wen-Sen Lee; Wei-Hao Li. Huge brain abscess caused by Actinomyces israelii associated with chronic sinusitis: A rare case report. Journal of Microbiology, Immunology and Infection 2021, 1 .
AMA StyleLien-Hsuan Chou, Ying-Shih Su, Fu-Lun Chen, Wen-Sen Lee, Wei-Hao Li. Huge brain abscess caused by Actinomyces israelii associated with chronic sinusitis: A rare case report. Journal of Microbiology, Immunology and Infection. 2021; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleLien-Hsuan Chou; Ying-Shih Su; Fu-Lun Chen; Wen-Sen Lee; Wei-Hao Li. 2021. "Huge brain abscess caused by Actinomyces israelii associated with chronic sinusitis: A rare case report." Journal of Microbiology, Immunology and Infection , no. : 1.
Hsin-Yu Chi; Ying-Shih Su; Fu-Lun Chen; Wen-Sen Lee; Cheng-Hui Wang. Breakthrough fungemia caused by Yarrowia lipolytica in a patient with gastric adenocarcinoma during echinocandin therapy. Journal of Infection 2020, 82, e52 -e53.
AMA StyleHsin-Yu Chi, Ying-Shih Su, Fu-Lun Chen, Wen-Sen Lee, Cheng-Hui Wang. Breakthrough fungemia caused by Yarrowia lipolytica in a patient with gastric adenocarcinoma during echinocandin therapy. Journal of Infection. 2020; 82 (1):e52-e53.
Chicago/Turabian StyleHsin-Yu Chi; Ying-Shih Su; Fu-Lun Chen; Wen-Sen Lee; Cheng-Hui Wang. 2020. "Breakthrough fungemia caused by Yarrowia lipolytica in a patient with gastric adenocarcinoma during echinocandin therapy." Journal of Infection 82, no. 1: e52-e53.
Wei-Hao Li; Yi-Chung Yu; Wen-Sen Lee. Vertebral osteomyelitis caused by Fusobacterium periodonticum. Journal of Infection 2020, 82, e42 -e44.
AMA StyleWei-Hao Li, Yi-Chung Yu, Wen-Sen Lee. Vertebral osteomyelitis caused by Fusobacterium periodonticum. Journal of Infection. 2020; 82 (3):e42-e44.
Chicago/Turabian StyleWei-Hao Li; Yi-Chung Yu; Wen-Sen Lee. 2020. "Vertebral osteomyelitis caused by Fusobacterium periodonticum." Journal of Infection 82, no. 3: e42-e44.
Septicaemia likely results in high case-fatality rates in the present multidrug-resistant (MDR) era. Amongst them are hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP) and ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP), two frequent fatal septicaemic entities amongst hospitalised patients. We reviewed the PubMed database to identify the common organisms implicated in HAP/VAP, to explore the respective risk factors, and to find the appropriate antibiotic choice. Apart from methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae spp., MDR or extensively drug-resistant (XDR)-Acinetobacter baumannii complex spp., followed by Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, Chryseobacterium indologenes, and Elizabethkingia meningoseptica are ranked as the top Gram-negative bacteria (GNB) implicated in HAP/VAP. Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae notably emerged as an important concern in HAP/VAP. The above-mentioned pathogens have respective risk factors involved in their acquisition. In the present XDR era, tigecycline, colistin, and ceftazidime-avibactam are antibiotics effective against the Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase and oxacillinase producers amongst the Enterobacteriaceae isolates implicated in HAP/VAP. Antibiotic combination regimens are recommended in the treatment of MDR/XDR-P. aeruginosa or A. baumannii complex isolates. Some special patient populations need prolonged courses (>7-day) and/or a combination regimen of antibiotic therapy. Implementation of an antibiotic stewardship policy and the measures recommended by the United States (US) Institute for Healthcare were shown to decrease the incidence rates of HAP/VAP substantially.
Shio-Shin Jean; Yin-Chun Chang; Wei-Cheng Lin; Wen-Sen Lee; Po-Ren Hsueh; Chin-Wan Hsu. Epidemiology, Treatment, and Prevention of Nosocomial Bacterial Pneumonia. Journal of Clinical Medicine 2020, 9, 275 .
AMA StyleShio-Shin Jean, Yin-Chun Chang, Wei-Cheng Lin, Wen-Sen Lee, Po-Ren Hsueh, Chin-Wan Hsu. Epidemiology, Treatment, and Prevention of Nosocomial Bacterial Pneumonia. Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2020; 9 (1):275.
Chicago/Turabian StyleShio-Shin Jean; Yin-Chun Chang; Wei-Cheng Lin; Wen-Sen Lee; Po-Ren Hsueh; Chin-Wan Hsu. 2020. "Epidemiology, Treatment, and Prevention of Nosocomial Bacterial Pneumonia." Journal of Clinical Medicine 9, no. 1: 275.
Yun-Hong Yang; Wen-Sen Lee; Chung-Yi Cheng. C1q nephropathy in a patient complicated with nephrotic syndrome and refractory to steroid therapy. Journal of Microbiology, Immunology and Infection 2019, 53, 183 -185.
AMA StyleYun-Hong Yang, Wen-Sen Lee, Chung-Yi Cheng. C1q nephropathy in a patient complicated with nephrotic syndrome and refractory to steroid therapy. Journal of Microbiology, Immunology and Infection. 2019; 53 (1):183-185.
Chicago/Turabian StyleYun-Hong Yang; Wen-Sen Lee; Chung-Yi Cheng. 2019. "C1q nephropathy in a patient complicated with nephrotic syndrome and refractory to steroid therapy." Journal of Microbiology, Immunology and Infection 53, no. 1: 183-185.