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Dr. Mohamad Zaki Hassan
Razak Faculty of Technology and Informatic

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0 Additive Manufacturing
0 Mechanical Behavior of Materials
0 polymer
0 Composite and nanocomposite foams
0 Natural fiber reinforced biopolymer green composite

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Mechanical Behavior of Materials
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Review
Published: 21 July 2021 in Polymers
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Recently, because of the rising population, carbon overloading, and environmental distress, human beings have needed to increase awareness and responsibility for the reduction of agricultural waste. The utilization of agricultural waste as a filler material in reinforced polymers is a fascinating discovery. This review paper attempts to study the physical, mechanical, and thermal behavior of rice husk (RH) as a fiber for reinforcing various synthetic polymers, based on recent studies, conducted between 2017 and 2021. It also highlights that advanced modification techniques could further improve the performance of composites by tailoring the physical and chemical substances of the fiber or matrix. The thermal properties, including flame-retardance and thermal behavior, are also discussed. The characteristics of the fiber–matrix interaction between RH and the polymer matrix provide essential insights into the future-ready applications of this agricultural waste fiber. The way forward in researching RH polymer composites is finally reviewed.

ACS Style

Mohamed Suhot; Mohamad Hassan; Sa’Ardin Aziz; Mohd Md Daud. Recent Progress of Rice Husk Reinforced Polymer Composites: A Review. Polymers 2021, 13, 2391 .

AMA Style

Mohamed Suhot, Mohamad Hassan, Sa’Ardin Aziz, Mohd Md Daud. Recent Progress of Rice Husk Reinforced Polymer Composites: A Review. Polymers. 2021; 13 (15):2391.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mohamed Suhot; Mohamad Hassan; Sa’Ardin Aziz; Mohd Md Daud. 2021. "Recent Progress of Rice Husk Reinforced Polymer Composites: A Review." Polymers 13, no. 15: 2391.

Review
Published: 23 June 2021 in Water
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The shoreline of Malaysia is exposed to threats of coastal erosion and a rise of sea level. The National Coastal Erosion Study, 2015 reported that 15% of an 8840 km shoreline is currently eroding, where one-third of those falls under the critical and significant categories that require structural protection. The Study of Sea Level Rise in Malaysia, 2017 presented a sea-level increase of 0.67–0.74 mm on average yearly. This study reviewed selected coastal protection structures along the shoreline of Malaysia as an erosion control and sea-level rise adaptation based on coastal management strategies. Hard structures such as rock revetment and breakwater are commonly used as erosion protection systems in the “hold the line” strategy. Increased platform level of seawalls and earth bunds, considered as an “adaptation” approach, are effective in erosion protection and are adaptive to sea-level rise. Mangrove replanting is suitable as a “limited intervention” approach in minimizing the long-term impact of both threats. However, offshore breakwater, groyne, and geotextile tubes are solely for protection purposes and are not as effective for sea-level rise adaptation. As the sea level is continuously increasing, their function as coastal protection will also become less effective. In summary, this comprehensive review on coastal protection in Malaysia will benefit the related agencies on the future assessment.

ACS Style

Ahmad Mohamed Rashidi; Mohamad Jamal; Mohamad Hassan; Siti Mohd Sendek; Syazana Mohd Sopie; Mohd Abd Hamid. Coastal Structures as Beach Erosion Control and Sea Level Rise Adaptation in Malaysia: A Review. Water 2021, 13, 1741 .

AMA Style

Ahmad Mohamed Rashidi, Mohamad Jamal, Mohamad Hassan, Siti Mohd Sendek, Syazana Mohd Sopie, Mohd Abd Hamid. Coastal Structures as Beach Erosion Control and Sea Level Rise Adaptation in Malaysia: A Review. Water. 2021; 13 (13):1741.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ahmad Mohamed Rashidi; Mohamad Jamal; Mohamad Hassan; Siti Mohd Sendek; Syazana Mohd Sopie; Mohd Abd Hamid. 2021. "Coastal Structures as Beach Erosion Control and Sea Level Rise Adaptation in Malaysia: A Review." Water 13, no. 13: 1741.

Journal article
Published: 06 April 2021 in Polymers
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Utilizing agro-waste material such as rice husk (RH) and coco peat (CP) reinforced with thermoplastic resin to produce low-cost green composites is a fascinating discovery. In this study, the effectiveness of these blended biocomposites was evaluated for their physical, mechanical, and thermal properties. Initially, the samples were fabricated by using a combination of melt blend internal mixer and injection molding techniques. Increasing in RH content increased the coupons density. However, it reduced the water vapor kinetics sorption of the biocomposite. Moisture absorption studies disclosed that water uptake was significantly increased with the increase of coco peat (CP) filler. It showed that the mechanical properties, including tensile modulus, flexural modulus, and impact strength of the 15% RH—5% CP reinforced acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS), gave the highest value. Results also revealed that all RH/CP filled composites exhibited a brittle fracture manner. Observation on the tensile morphology surfaces by using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) affirmed the above finding to be satisfactory. Therefore, it can be concluded that blend-agriculture waste reinforced ABS biocomposite can be exploited as a biodegradable material for short life engineering application where good mechanical and thermal properties are paramount.

ACS Style

Nurul Norhasnan; Mohamad Hassan; Ariff Nor; S. Zaki; Rozzeta Dolah; Khairur Jamaludin; Sa’Ardin Aziz. Physicomechanical Properties of Rice Husk/Coco Peat Reinforced Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene Blend Composites. Polymers 2021, 13, 1171 .

AMA Style

Nurul Norhasnan, Mohamad Hassan, Ariff Nor, S. Zaki, Rozzeta Dolah, Khairur Jamaludin, Sa’Ardin Aziz. Physicomechanical Properties of Rice Husk/Coco Peat Reinforced Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene Blend Composites. Polymers. 2021; 13 (7):1171.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Nurul Norhasnan; Mohamad Hassan; Ariff Nor; S. Zaki; Rozzeta Dolah; Khairur Jamaludin; Sa’Ardin Aziz. 2021. "Physicomechanical Properties of Rice Husk/Coco Peat Reinforced Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene Blend Composites." Polymers 13, no. 7: 1171.

Journal article
Published: 23 March 2021 in Polimery
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This paper investigates the mechanical behavior of an interlocking structure made of flax/poly(lactic acid) (PLA) composites manufactured using hot press compression molding. The flax/PLA composite manufactured at a temperature of 190°C and pressed for 10 minutes obtained the highest values of strength and modulus. A range of core cell sizes between 10 and 40 mm with a height from 20 to 40 mm was fabricated using a simple slotting technique. The larger core size offers a better relative density value when comparing to the smaller size (with a similar number of layers). The results also showed that the 10 mm core size exhibits better compression strength than the 20 and 40 mm core sizes. In contrast, the specific energy absorption (SEA) values of the structures increase as the core size decreases.

ACS Style

M.Y.M. Zuhri; M.A. Nasrudin; M.A.M. Nasrodin; S.M. Sapuan; M.Z. Hassan. Mechanical properties under quasi-static loading of the core made of flax/poly(lactic acid) composite. Polimery 2021, 66, 193 -197.

AMA Style

M.Y.M. Zuhri, M.A. Nasrudin, M.A.M. Nasrodin, S.M. Sapuan, M.Z. Hassan. Mechanical properties under quasi-static loading of the core made of flax/poly(lactic acid) composite. Polimery. 2021; 66 (3):193-197.

Chicago/Turabian Style

M.Y.M. Zuhri; M.A. Nasrudin; M.A.M. Nasrodin; S.M. Sapuan; M.Z. Hassan. 2021. "Mechanical properties under quasi-static loading of the core made of flax/poly(lactic acid) composite." Polimery 66, no. 3: 193-197.

Article
Published: 15 March 2021 in Applied Composite Materials
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Hybrid composites have recently become attractive to scholars due to their significant potential to overcome the drawbacks of monofiber composites. However, the simultaneous effects of independent parameters on the properties of these hybrid composites are still not clear as the previous studies have mostly focused on varying one parameter only. Therefore, a response surface methodology (RSM) is introduced. Accordingly, the present study attempts the modeling and optimization of four independent parameters on the kenaf/multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) hybrid composites by using three-level Box-Behnken RSM. The four parameters: kenaf fiber loading, NaOH concentration, MWCNTs loading and sonication time have been selected based on the past literature and their simultaneous effects on the tensile properties are studied. It was found that the optimized 10.029wt% of kenaf fiber loading, 4.057% NaOH concentration, 0.965wt% of MWCNTs loading and 2.970 h of sonication time predicted an optimum tensile strength and tensile modulus of 123.580 MPa and 16.084GPa respectively. Moreover, the validation through experiment of the predicted optimum results has been concluded and reveals that the results were reliable after considering the relatively low error levels. Besides, the response also displayed that the kenaf fiber loading had the highest degree of impact on the tensile properties compared to the other three parameters.

ACS Style

Ariff Farhan Mohd Nor; Mohamad Zaki Hassan; Zainudin A. Rasid; Sa’Ardin Abdul Aziz; Shamsul Sarip; Mohd Yusof Md Daud. Optimization on Tensile Properties of Kenaf/Multi-walled CNT Hybrid Composites with Box-Behnken Design. Applied Composite Materials 2021, 28, 607 -632.

AMA Style

Ariff Farhan Mohd Nor, Mohamad Zaki Hassan, Zainudin A. Rasid, Sa’Ardin Abdul Aziz, Shamsul Sarip, Mohd Yusof Md Daud. Optimization on Tensile Properties of Kenaf/Multi-walled CNT Hybrid Composites with Box-Behnken Design. Applied Composite Materials. 2021; 28 (3):607-632.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ariff Farhan Mohd Nor; Mohamad Zaki Hassan; Zainudin A. Rasid; Sa’Ardin Abdul Aziz; Shamsul Sarip; Mohd Yusof Md Daud. 2021. "Optimization on Tensile Properties of Kenaf/Multi-walled CNT Hybrid Composites with Box-Behnken Design." Applied Composite Materials 28, no. 3: 607-632.

Journal article
Published: 07 September 2020 in Applied Sciences
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A robust measurement system in the Taguchi Method as a testing method should be explained from the beginning of an experimental design until the application of the optimum condition. Measurement has always been described either by discussing the measurement concepts theoretically or demonstrating a case study on how the data measurement is being done practically. The distance between theory and practical case study that connects the test method used for measurement is always missing. In this paper, a case of T-peel test on strength measurement is used to reflect the robust measurement system, which includes the theory of experimental design together with methods to achieve the optimum condition. Seven control factors, two noise factors with one signal factor are used with orthogonal array L18. Not only the experiment results, but methodology on choosing the control, noise, and signal factors are described intensively. Therefore, the aims are to provide the procedure on evaluating optimum conditions, to analyze variability and optimization of T-peel test when measuring the strength, and to establish a mainstream flow to achieve high-quality experimental design for a robust measurement system. As a result, a robust measurement system that includes variation elimination is developed, which consists of four elements—F (function), N (noise), C (Control), and O (Optimization). The elements of the F-N-C-O system are connected to one another by the Plan-Do-Study-Act; P-D-S-A cycle. The results affect the existing measurement system by enlightening the black box of parameter design behind optimization results in Taguchi Method. Thus, the measurement is more convergent and obtain higher degree of confidence in parameter design.

ACS Style

Rozzeta Dolah; Mohamad Zaki Hassan; Santhana Krishnan; Faizir Ramlie; Mohd Fadhil Md Din; Khairur Rijal Jamaludin. Development of F-N-C-O Taguchi Method for Robust Measurement System Using a Case Study of T-Peel Test on Adhesion Strength. Applied Sciences 2020, 10, 6203 .

AMA Style

Rozzeta Dolah, Mohamad Zaki Hassan, Santhana Krishnan, Faizir Ramlie, Mohd Fadhil Md Din, Khairur Rijal Jamaludin. Development of F-N-C-O Taguchi Method for Robust Measurement System Using a Case Study of T-Peel Test on Adhesion Strength. Applied Sciences. 2020; 10 (18):6203.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Rozzeta Dolah; Mohamad Zaki Hassan; Santhana Krishnan; Faizir Ramlie; Mohd Fadhil Md Din; Khairur Rijal Jamaludin. 2020. "Development of F-N-C-O Taguchi Method for Robust Measurement System Using a Case Study of T-Peel Test on Adhesion Strength." Applied Sciences 10, no. 18: 6203.

Journal article
Published: 06 September 2020 in Sustainability
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As a Malay Agricultural Settlement established in 1900, Kampung Baru which is located in Kuala Lumpur, has become a subject of prolonged national interests in terms of economic, social, environment, and political issues along with the pressure of modern and future development. This study investigated the urban morphological impact of Kampung Baru on the intensity of urban heat island (UHI) by developing a smart geodatabase for urban climatic mapping. The database provided baseline data which was crucial to unveil the spatiotemporal characteristics of UHI in Kampung Baru. Determination of the urban heat island intensity (UHII) in Kampung Baru was carried out through two approaches, mobile and fixed measurements. In a period of six days, the mobile measurement was conducted within the target area at night using a motorcycle equipped with the temperature and relative humidity data logger while the fixed measurement was conducted using the similar equipment installed at a school building in the area. Building height data were also collected while building footprints were digitized using a topographical map and the satellite image was used as the base map. To estimate the UHII, the reference data for rural temperature was obtained from the Malaysian Meteorological Department (MMD). All of the data were analyzed using ArcGIS to portray the temperature pattern in the study area. The analysis revealed the presence of UHI effect in Kampung Baru at the average building height of six to ten metres. The results of the fixed measurement showed an island-like local maximum in the study area with the average and maximum UHII values of 4.4 °C and 6.0 °C, respectively. The results from the mobile measurement also showed that the highest temperature was recorded in Kampung Baru rather than in the surrounding areas of different land-use types throughout the observation days. The spatial temperature distribution in the study area also showed that the most affected part was the south-west of Kampung Baru which is surrounded by tall buildings. The findings of this study could be utilized in the planning of new development in the city of Kuala Lumpur.

ACS Style

Sheikh Zaki; Nor Azid; Mohd Shahidan; Mohamad Hassan; Mohd Md Daud; Nor Abu Bakar; Sheikh Ahmad Zaki Shaikh Salim; Fitri Yakub. Analysis of Urban Morphological Effect on the Microclimate of the Urban Residential Area of Kampung Baru in Kuala Lumpur Using a Geospatial Approach. Sustainability 2020, 12, 7301 .

AMA Style

Sheikh Zaki, Nor Azid, Mohd Shahidan, Mohamad Hassan, Mohd Md Daud, Nor Abu Bakar, Sheikh Ahmad Zaki Shaikh Salim, Fitri Yakub. Analysis of Urban Morphological Effect on the Microclimate of the Urban Residential Area of Kampung Baru in Kuala Lumpur Using a Geospatial Approach. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (18):7301.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Sheikh Zaki; Nor Azid; Mohd Shahidan; Mohamad Hassan; Mohd Md Daud; Nor Abu Bakar; Sheikh Ahmad Zaki Shaikh Salim; Fitri Yakub. 2020. "Analysis of Urban Morphological Effect on the Microclimate of the Urban Residential Area of Kampung Baru in Kuala Lumpur Using a Geospatial Approach." Sustainability 12, no. 18: 7301.

Journal article
Published: 16 July 2020 in Sustainability
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This study investigated the variation of outdoor air temperature in the shaded area covered by buildings in an urban university campus in Malaysia. In-situ field measurements were conducted to measure the distribution of outdoor air temperature at eight different locations for seven days. Meanwhile, the building-induced shadows were generated using the AutoCAD Revit software to investigate the air temperature change. The study used four urban morphological parameters namely building to greenery ratio, sky view factor (SVF), and height-to-street width (H/W) ratio. The relationship between building-induced shadow and outdoor air temperature (Tout) obtained from the in-situ measurement was investigated. The results showed that the building-induced shadows could lower air temperature. It can be noted that a high ratio of building to greenery resulted in a higher air temperature. In contrast, the area with a low SVF value due to the combination of prolonged shading by buildings and trees had a lower air temperature. Thus, the area with a high building ratio, low greenery ratio, higher SVF value, and low H/W ratio potentially has a higher outdoor air temperature. Conclusively, combination of building shading created by appropriate ratio of building morphology and sufficient greenery able to improve the microclimate of a campus area.

ACS Style

Sheikh Zaki; Siti Syahidah; Mohd Shahidan; Mardiana Ahmad; Fitri Yakub; Mohamad Hassan; Mohd Md Daud. Assessment of Outdoor Air Temperature with Different Shaded Area within an Urban University Campus in Hot-Humid Climate. Sustainability 2020, 12, 5741 .

AMA Style

Sheikh Zaki, Siti Syahidah, Mohd Shahidan, Mardiana Ahmad, Fitri Yakub, Mohamad Hassan, Mohd Md Daud. Assessment of Outdoor Air Temperature with Different Shaded Area within an Urban University Campus in Hot-Humid Climate. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (14):5741.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Sheikh Zaki; Siti Syahidah; Mohd Shahidan; Mardiana Ahmad; Fitri Yakub; Mohamad Hassan; Mohd Md Daud. 2020. "Assessment of Outdoor Air Temperature with Different Shaded Area within an Urban University Campus in Hot-Humid Climate." Sustainability 12, no. 14: 5741.

Journal article
Published: 17 June 2020 in Polymers
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The objective of this research is to optimize the alkaline treatment variables, including sodium hydroxide (NaOH) concentration, soaking, and drying time, that influence the mechanical behavior of bamboo fiber-reinforced epoxy composites. In this study, a Box–Behnken design (BBD) of the response surface methodology (RSM) was employed to design an experiment to investigate the mercerization effect of bamboo fiber-reinforced epoxy composites. The evaluation of predicted tensile strength as a variable parameter of bamboo fiber (Bambusa vulgaris) reinforced epoxy composite structures was determined using analysis of variance (ANOVA) of the quadratic model. In this study, a total of 17 experiment runs were measured and a significant regression for the coefficient between the variables was obtained. Further, the triangular and square core structures made of treated and untreated bamboo fiber-reinforced epoxy composites were tested under compressive loading. It was found that the optimum mercerization condition lies at 5.81 wt.% of the NaOH, after a soaking time of 3.99 h and a drying time of 72 h. This optimum alkaline treatment once again had a great effect on the structures whereby all the treated composite cores with square and triangular structures impressively outperformed the untreated bamboo structures. The treated triangular core of bamboo reinforced composites gave an outstanding performance compared to the treated and untreated square core composite structures for compressive loading and specific energy absorbing capability.

ACS Style

Mohamad Zaki Hassan; Siti Amni Roslan; S. M. Sapuan; Zainudin A. Rasid; Ariff Farhan Mohd Nor; Mohd Yusof Md Daud; Rozzeta Dolah; Mohd Zuhri Mohamed Yusoff. Mercerization Optimization of Bamboo (Bambusa vulgaris) Fiber-Reinforced Epoxy Composite Structures Using a Box–Behnken Design. Polymers 2020, 12, 1367 .

AMA Style

Mohamad Zaki Hassan, Siti Amni Roslan, S. M. Sapuan, Zainudin A. Rasid, Ariff Farhan Mohd Nor, Mohd Yusof Md Daud, Rozzeta Dolah, Mohd Zuhri Mohamed Yusoff. Mercerization Optimization of Bamboo (Bambusa vulgaris) Fiber-Reinforced Epoxy Composite Structures Using a Box–Behnken Design. Polymers. 2020; 12 (6):1367.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mohamad Zaki Hassan; Siti Amni Roslan; S. M. Sapuan; Zainudin A. Rasid; Ariff Farhan Mohd Nor; Mohd Yusof Md Daud; Rozzeta Dolah; Mohd Zuhri Mohamed Yusoff. 2020. "Mercerization Optimization of Bamboo (Bambusa vulgaris) Fiber-Reinforced Epoxy Composite Structures Using a Box–Behnken Design." Polymers 12, no. 6: 1367.

Journal article
Published: 26 May 2020 in Journal of Materials Research
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Selective laser melting (SLM) is a state-of-the-art technology in the additive manufacturing field. This study focuses on the influence of scanning speed on the fabrication of Ti6Al4V samples produced by SLM. This article contributes to the effect of SLM scanning speed parameters on micropores, surface morphology, and roughness. The detailed characterizations for the parts produced by the SLM process are evaluated. An SLM scanning speed of 695, 775, or 853 mm/s was selected. The findings show that a high quality of surface morphology and microstructure is obtained at a scanning speed of 775 mm/s. In addition, the maximum surface roughness values for both upper and side surfaces are approximately 0.460 µm and 0.592 µm, respectively. Furthermore, surface defect characteristics regarding the speed mechanism parameter for the SLM system are also discussed, and the challenges to the part quality, and potential for numerous industries (e.g., aerospace, automotive, and biomedical), creating microstructures, are observed.

ACS Style

Mohd Faizal Sadali; Mohamad Zaki Hassan; Fauzan Ahmad; Hafizal Yahaya; Zainudin A Rasid. Influence of selective laser melting scanning speed parameter on the surface morphology, surface roughness, and micropores for manufactured Ti6Al4V parts. Journal of Materials Research 2020, 35, 2025 -2035.

AMA Style

Mohd Faizal Sadali, Mohamad Zaki Hassan, Fauzan Ahmad, Hafizal Yahaya, Zainudin A Rasid. Influence of selective laser melting scanning speed parameter on the surface morphology, surface roughness, and micropores for manufactured Ti6Al4V parts. Journal of Materials Research. 2020; 35 (15):2025-2035.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mohd Faizal Sadali; Mohamad Zaki Hassan; Fauzan Ahmad; Hafizal Yahaya; Zainudin A Rasid. 2020. "Influence of selective laser melting scanning speed parameter on the surface morphology, surface roughness, and micropores for manufactured Ti6Al4V parts." Journal of Materials Research 35, no. 15: 2025-2035.

Journal article
Published: 18 January 2020 in Applied Sciences
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Banana fiber has a high potential for use in fiber composite structures due to its promise as a polymer reinforcement. However, it has poor bonding characteristics with the matrixes due to hydrophobic–hydrophilic incompatibility, inconsistency in blending weight ratio, and fiber length instability. In this study, the optimal conditions for a banana/epoxy composite as determined previously were used to fabricate a sandwich structure where carbon/Kevlar twill plies acted as the skins. The structure was evaluated based on two experimental tests: low-velocity impact and compression after impact (CAI) tests. Here, the synthetic fiber including Kevlar, carbon, and glass sandwich structures were also tested for comparison purposes. In general, the results showed a low peak load and larger damage area in the optimal banana/epoxy structures. The impact damage area, as characterized by the dye penetration, increased with increasing impact energy. The optimal banana composite and synthetic fiber systems were proven to offer a similar residual strength and normalized strength when higher impact energies were applied. Delamination and fracture behavior were dominant in the optimal banana structures subjected to CAI testing. Finally, optimization of the compounding parameters of the optimal banana fibers improved the impact and CAI properties of the structure, making them comparable to those of synthetic sandwich composites.

ACS Style

Mohamad Zaki Hassan; S. M. Sapuan; Zainudin A. Rasid; Ariff Farhan Mohd Nor; Rozzeta Dolah; Mohd Yusof Md Daud. Impact Damage Resistance and Post-Impact Tolerance of Optimum Banana-Pseudo-Stem-Fiber-Reinforced Epoxy Sandwich Structures. Applied Sciences 2020, 10, 684 .

AMA Style

Mohamad Zaki Hassan, S. M. Sapuan, Zainudin A. Rasid, Ariff Farhan Mohd Nor, Rozzeta Dolah, Mohd Yusof Md Daud. Impact Damage Resistance and Post-Impact Tolerance of Optimum Banana-Pseudo-Stem-Fiber-Reinforced Epoxy Sandwich Structures. Applied Sciences. 2020; 10 (2):684.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mohamad Zaki Hassan; S. M. Sapuan; Zainudin A. Rasid; Ariff Farhan Mohd Nor; Rozzeta Dolah; Mohd Yusof Md Daud. 2020. "Impact Damage Resistance and Post-Impact Tolerance of Optimum Banana-Pseudo-Stem-Fiber-Reinforced Epoxy Sandwich Structures." Applied Sciences 10, no. 2: 684.

Research article
Published: 01 January 2020 in Advanced Composites Letters
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The parametric resonance or instability challenge in designing laminated composite is crucial in areas such as aeronautical and marine where structures experience dynamic loading. Shape memory alloy (SMA), a type of smart material, has been used to improve the structural behaviours of composite plate using its well-known property of shape memory effect. It is also known that mechanical couplings that exist in unsymmetric composite can increase the instability of the composite. In this study, the SMA property has been exploited to generate recovery stress in the composite to improve its parametric instability problem. The unsymmetric composites were embedded with SMA fibres, and the formulation for the dynamic instability of this composites was developed using finite element method. The third-order shear deformation theory of composite was applied. The results were initially validated for the case of composite without SMA. Following that, the parametric instability behaviour of unsymmetric composites was studied under the effect of several parameters. It was found that the mechanical couplings that exist in the unsymmetric composite have increased the instability of the composite, but the presence of the SMA can significantly reduce this instability.

ACS Style

Zarina Yusof; Zainudin A Rasid; Mohamad Zaki Hassan; Sm Sapuan; Shamsul Sarip; Hafizal Yahaya; Fitri Yakub. The parametric instability improvement of fully anisotropic composite plates with embedded shape memory alloy. Advanced Composites Letters 2020, 29, 1 .

AMA Style

Zarina Yusof, Zainudin A Rasid, Mohamad Zaki Hassan, Sm Sapuan, Shamsul Sarip, Hafizal Yahaya, Fitri Yakub. The parametric instability improvement of fully anisotropic composite plates with embedded shape memory alloy. Advanced Composites Letters. 2020; 29 ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Zarina Yusof; Zainudin A Rasid; Mohamad Zaki Hassan; Sm Sapuan; Shamsul Sarip; Hafizal Yahaya; Fitri Yakub. 2020. "The parametric instability improvement of fully anisotropic composite plates with embedded shape memory alloy." Advanced Composites Letters 29, no. : 1.

Journal article
Published: 01 December 2019 in Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics
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This paper presents an optimization approach for criteria setting of Renewable Distributed Generation (DG) in the Green Building Rating System (GBRS). In this study, the total line loss reduction is analyzed and set as the main objective function in the optimization process which then a reassessment of existing criteria setting for renewable energy (RE) is proposed towards lower loss outcome. Solar photovoltaic (PV)-type DG unit (PV-DG) is identified as the type of DG used in this paper. The proposed PV-DG optimization will improve the sustainable energy performance of the green building by total line losses reduction within accepted lower losses region using Artificial bee colony (ABC) algorithm. The distribution network uses bus and line data setup from selected one of each three levels of Malaysian public hospital. MATLAB simulation result shows that the PV-DG expanding capacity towards optimal scale and location provides a better outcome in minimizing total line losses within an appropriate voltage profile as compared to the current setting of PV-DG imposed in selected GBRS. Thus, reassessment of RE parameter setting and the proposed five rankings with new PV-DG setting for public hospital provides technical justification and give the best option to the green building developer for more effective RE integration.

ACS Style

Mohd Effendi Amran; Mohd Nabil Muhtazaruddin; Nurul Aini Bani; Hazilah Mad Kaidi; Mohamad Hassan; Shamsul Sarip; Firdaus Muhammad-Sukki. Optimal distributed generation in green building assessment towards line loss reduction for Malaysian public hospital. Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics 2019, 8, 1 .

AMA Style

Mohd Effendi Amran, Mohd Nabil Muhtazaruddin, Nurul Aini Bani, Hazilah Mad Kaidi, Mohamad Hassan, Shamsul Sarip, Firdaus Muhammad-Sukki. Optimal distributed generation in green building assessment towards line loss reduction for Malaysian public hospital. Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics. 2019; 8 (4):1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mohd Effendi Amran; Mohd Nabil Muhtazaruddin; Nurul Aini Bani; Hazilah Mad Kaidi; Mohamad Hassan; Shamsul Sarip; Firdaus Muhammad-Sukki. 2019. "Optimal distributed generation in green building assessment towards line loss reduction for Malaysian public hospital." Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics 8, no. 4: 1.

Conference paper
Published: 20 September 2019 in Proceedings of the 2nd Annual International Conference on Material, Machines and Methods for Sustainable Development (MMMS2020)
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Alkaline treatment is widely being used to treat natural fibres and it improves the fibre surface for better bonding with the polymer matrix. The aim of this study is to optimize the alkaline treatment variables such as sodium hydroxide (NaOH) concentration, soaking and drying time that influence the strength of natural fibres, including bamboo. In this study, Box-Behnken design (BBD) of the response surface method was employed to set an experimental parameter of alkaline treatment for the bamboo specimen. In order to investigate the effect of treatment conditions on crack propagation behaviour of the bamboo along the longitudinal direction, Mode I interlaminar fracture toughness (GIC) test was carried out. It can be suggested from the statistical analysis approach (ANOVA) that bamboo treated with 1 wt% concentration of NaOH is able to reach fracture toughness value up to 365.86 J/m2, which differs by only 0.82% from the experimental finding. It is also shown that all proposed variables for treatment in this study i.e. the concentration of the NaOH is highly significant with the soaking and drying time.

ACS Style

Siti Amni Roslan; Mohamad Zaki Hassan; Zainudin A. Rasid; Nurul Aini Bani; Shamsul Sarip; Mohd Yusof Md Daud; Firdaus Muhammad-Sukki. Mode I Fracture Toughness of Optimized Alkali-Treated Bambusa Vulgaris Bamboo by Box-Behnken Design. Proceedings of the 2nd Annual International Conference on Material, Machines and Methods for Sustainable Development (MMMS2020) 2019, 565 -575.

AMA Style

Siti Amni Roslan, Mohamad Zaki Hassan, Zainudin A. Rasid, Nurul Aini Bani, Shamsul Sarip, Mohd Yusof Md Daud, Firdaus Muhammad-Sukki. Mode I Fracture Toughness of Optimized Alkali-Treated Bambusa Vulgaris Bamboo by Box-Behnken Design. Proceedings of the 2nd Annual International Conference on Material, Machines and Methods for Sustainable Development (MMMS2020). 2019; ():565-575.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Siti Amni Roslan; Mohamad Zaki Hassan; Zainudin A. Rasid; Nurul Aini Bani; Shamsul Sarip; Mohd Yusof Md Daud; Firdaus Muhammad-Sukki. 2019. "Mode I Fracture Toughness of Optimized Alkali-Treated Bambusa Vulgaris Bamboo by Box-Behnken Design." Proceedings of the 2nd Annual International Conference on Material, Machines and Methods for Sustainable Development (MMMS2020) , no. : 565-575.

Journal article
Published: 03 July 2019 in Journal of Materials Research and Technology
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Banana pseudo-stem fibers used as a reinforcing material in synthetic matrix polymers have offered various advantages as they are environmentally friendly, have relatively low density and are abundantly available. The main factors that influence the mechanical behavior of natural composites are fiber length, fiber content, and chemical treatment. This study optimized the blending parameters of banana pseudo-stem epoxy composites through response surface methodology (RSM) based on Box–Benhken design. The predicted tensile strength value for these composites as a function of an independent variable was obtained from the ANOVA statistical approach. The analysis of the results showed that fiber length, fiber content and sodium hydroxide variables significantly in 2 factors interaction (2FI) model terms. This model was used to determine the maximum tensile stress and it was closely agreement with experimental finding with the value of R2 = 0.9973. The optimum conditions for tensile strength were identified as fiber length 3.25 mm, sodium hydroxide content 5.45 (wt%), and fiber loading 29.86 (wt%). The maximum tensile strength of optimum banana pseudo-stem epoxy composite was increased by 22% over the epoxy-resin system.

ACS Style

Mohamad Zaki Hassan; S.M. Sapuan; Siti Amni Roslan; Sa'Ardin Abdul Aziz; Shamsul Sarip. Optimization of tensile behavior of banana pseudo-stem (Musa acuminate) fiber reinforced epoxy composites using response surface methodology. Journal of Materials Research and Technology 2019, 8, 3517 -3528.

AMA Style

Mohamad Zaki Hassan, S.M. Sapuan, Siti Amni Roslan, Sa'Ardin Abdul Aziz, Shamsul Sarip. Optimization of tensile behavior of banana pseudo-stem (Musa acuminate) fiber reinforced epoxy composites using response surface methodology. Journal of Materials Research and Technology. 2019; 8 (4):3517-3528.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mohamad Zaki Hassan; S.M. Sapuan; Siti Amni Roslan; Sa'Ardin Abdul Aziz; Shamsul Sarip. 2019. "Optimization of tensile behavior of banana pseudo-stem (Musa acuminate) fiber reinforced epoxy composites using response surface methodology." Journal of Materials Research and Technology 8, no. 4: 3517-3528.

Article
Published: 07 March 2019 in Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik
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Laminated composite is common to replace traditional metals in today's industries due to its high specific strength. Shape memory alloy has been used to improve structural behaviours such as buckling, vibration and fatigue through its well‐ known property of shape memory effect. This ability of shape memory alloy to improve the parametric instability behaviour of laminated composite plate has not been studied in the past and as such, this study is conducted. Here, shape memory alloy wires are embedded within the outer layers of the laminated composite plates. The Mathieu‐Hill equation for the parametric instability of the shape memory alloy composite plate has been developed using finite element method based on the first order shear deformation theory. The formulation is validated and parametric studies have been conducted to investigate the effect of shape memory alloy on the dynamic instability behaviour of the composite that corresponds to factors such as static load factor, thickness of the plate and boundary conditions. The study shows that shape memory alloy improves significantly the dynamic instability behaviour of the laminated composite plate by shifting the instability chart to the right. The effect of shape memory alloy can increase the frequency centre of the instability chart by more than 100 %.

ACS Style

S.A.H. Roslan; Z. Yusof; Z.A. Rasid; M.H. Yahaya; Mohamad Hassan; J. Mahmud. Dynamic instability response of smart composite material. Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 2019, 50, 302 -310.

AMA Style

S.A.H. Roslan, Z. Yusof, Z.A. Rasid, M.H. Yahaya, Mohamad Hassan, J. Mahmud. Dynamic instability response of smart composite material. Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik. 2019; 50 (3):302-310.

Chicago/Turabian Style

S.A.H. Roslan; Z. Yusof; Z.A. Rasid; M.H. Yahaya; Mohamad Hassan; J. Mahmud. 2019. "Dynamic instability response of smart composite material." Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 50, no. 3: 302-310.

Conference paper
Published: 01 February 2019 in Journal of Physics: Conference Series
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ACS Style

Habibah @ Norehan Haron; Noor Hamizah Hussain; Roslina Mohammad; Norulhusna Ahmad; Hayati @ Habibah Abdul Talib; Mohamad Hassan; Rasheed Mohamed Kutty; Shamsul Sarip. Grooming Future Scientists and Engineers from the Root through Fun Learning Concept. Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2019, 1174, 1 .

AMA Style

Habibah @ Norehan Haron, Noor Hamizah Hussain, Roslina Mohammad, Norulhusna Ahmad, Hayati @ Habibah Abdul Talib, Mohamad Hassan, Rasheed Mohamed Kutty, Shamsul Sarip. Grooming Future Scientists and Engineers from the Root through Fun Learning Concept. Journal of Physics: Conference Series. 2019; 1174 ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Habibah @ Norehan Haron; Noor Hamizah Hussain; Roslina Mohammad; Norulhusna Ahmad; Hayati @ Habibah Abdul Talib; Mohamad Hassan; Rasheed Mohamed Kutty; Shamsul Sarip. 2019. "Grooming Future Scientists and Engineers from the Root through Fun Learning Concept." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 1174, no. : 1.

Conference paper
Published: 01 January 2019 in Journal of Physics: Conference Series
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In the past few decades, a rapid of industrialization increasing the noise pollution and provides a people awareness to combat this issue. Here, apart from providing employment opportunities to worker, manufacturing industry also produce disturbing noise that is generated by various sources especially from the machineries. The aim of this study is to estimate the maximum working hours due to the over exposure of the noise hazard in the industry. Initially, the reading of noise exposure was obtained using the dosimeter. Then, criteria for a recommended standard occupation noise exposure based on NIOSH (1998) and OSHA (1989) noise working safe condition was measured. The results indicate that there is high risk of noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) among workers that come from the noise exposure was obtained. The critical is CAM & CNC department with less than 0.125 hours and 1.33 hours following NIOSH and OSHA regulation respectively. In addition, the proposedly related noise exposure working period are also included.

ACS Style

M Subramaniam; Mohamad Hassan; Mohd Faizal Sadali; I Ibrahim; Mohd Yusof Md Daud; S A Aziz; N Samsudin; S Sarip. Evaluation and Analysis of Noise Pollution in the Manufacturing Industry. Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2019, 1150, 012019 .

AMA Style

M Subramaniam, Mohamad Hassan, Mohd Faizal Sadali, I Ibrahim, Mohd Yusof Md Daud, S A Aziz, N Samsudin, S Sarip. Evaluation and Analysis of Noise Pollution in the Manufacturing Industry. Journal of Physics: Conference Series. 2019; 1150 (1):012019.

Chicago/Turabian Style

M Subramaniam; Mohamad Hassan; Mohd Faizal Sadali; I Ibrahim; Mohd Yusof Md Daud; S A Aziz; N Samsudin; S Sarip. 2019. "Evaluation and Analysis of Noise Pollution in the Manufacturing Industry." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 1150, no. 1: 012019.

Conference paper
Published: 01 January 2019 in Journal of Physics: Conference Series
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There are many sources of hazardous noise that contributed to the hearing impairment, that resultant from over exposure noise level from workplace. This study examined the contribution of machine that used in the spice manufacturing towards to the employee. Initially, the background noise of each workstation needed to be measured using a sound level meter. Then, monitoring levels including machine noise levels and daily self-reported duration noise exposure to workers was elucidated. A total of 30 workers were identified as having workplace noise exposures. The average noise levels were between 81 and 97 dBA in high and low noise exposure areas, respectively. The average self-reported workplace noise measure time was 8 hours/day. The estimated mean daily noise exposures were calculated from machine noise were found to be higher than the Factories And Machinery (Noise Exposure) Regulations, specifically 90 dBA eight-hour time weighted average (TWA). In addition, 750% of production workers had estimated greater than TWA value exposures. It is therefore recommended that industries either limit workplace use among the production workers or require device and technological advanced to prevent occupational noise-induced hearing loss

ACS Style

P Alagapan; Mohamad Hassan; Mh Ibrahim; Mohd Yusof Md Daud; Na Bani; R M Kutty. Measurement of hazardous personal noise exposure in spice manufacturing industry. Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2019, 1150, 012021 .

AMA Style

P Alagapan, Mohamad Hassan, Mh Ibrahim, Mohd Yusof Md Daud, Na Bani, R M Kutty. Measurement of hazardous personal noise exposure in spice manufacturing industry. Journal of Physics: Conference Series. 2019; 1150 (1):012021.

Chicago/Turabian Style

P Alagapan; Mohamad Hassan; Mh Ibrahim; Mohd Yusof Md Daud; Na Bani; R M Kutty. 2019. "Measurement of hazardous personal noise exposure in spice manufacturing industry." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 1150, no. 1: 012021.

Conference paper
Published: 01 January 2019 in Journal of Physics: Conference Series
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Predictive maintenance (PM) evaluates the condition of equipment by performing periodic or continuous equipment condition monitoring. This paper presents a Weibull statistical approach, in order to determine life cycle of highway street lighting. The historical data that collected from the maintenance checklist record of 250 and 400W street lighting lanterns replacement for 2 years of period were used. Than, two key performance indicators which shape factor, β and characteristic life, η were determined to perform the Weibull probability analysis. The findings show that estimation of mean time to failure (MTTF) for 250 and 400 watt bulb are 4009.30 and 5043.36 hours period of operation respectively.

ACS Style

M. S. Ibrahim; Mohamad Hassan; I. Ibrahim; Mohd Yusof Md Daud; N. A. Bani; M. H. Ibrahim. Life-cycle Assessment on the Highway Street Lantern using Weibull Probability Approach. Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2019, 1150, 012020 .

AMA Style

M. S. Ibrahim, Mohamad Hassan, I. Ibrahim, Mohd Yusof Md Daud, N. A. Bani, M. H. Ibrahim. Life-cycle Assessment on the Highway Street Lantern using Weibull Probability Approach. Journal of Physics: Conference Series. 2019; 1150 (1):012020.

Chicago/Turabian Style

M. S. Ibrahim; Mohamad Hassan; I. Ibrahim; Mohd Yusof Md Daud; N. A. Bani; M. H. Ibrahim. 2019. "Life-cycle Assessment on the Highway Street Lantern using Weibull Probability Approach." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 1150, no. 1: 012020.