This study discusses a quantitative fatigue evaluation of polymer–ceramic composites for dental restorations, i.e., commercial (Filtek Z550) and experimental Ex-nano (G), Ex-flow (G). Their evaluation is based on the following descriptors: mechanical strength, elastic modulus and strain work to fracture. Supposed to reflect factors of environmental degradation conditions, thermal fatigue was simulated with a special computer-controlled device performing algorithms of thermocycling. The specimens intended for the strength test underwent 10⁴ hydro-thermal fatigue cycles. This procedure of thermocycling was preceded by aging, which meant immersing the specimens in artificial saliva at 37 °C for 30 days. The strength tests after aging only and after aging and thermocycles were performed in line with the three-point flexural strength (TFS) test, specified in ISO 4049, and the biaxial flexural strength (BFS) test, specifically piston-on-three-ball in accordance with ISO 6872. Based on the results, it can be stated that composites with higher volume content of inorganic particles after aging only show higher strength than materials with lower filler particle content. For example, the average flexural bending strength of the Ex-flow (G) composite was about 45% lower than the value obtained for the Ex-nano (G) material. The residual strength after thermocycles is significantly lower for the experimental composites, whereas a smaller decrease in strength is recorded for the commercial composites. Decreases in strength were about 4% (Filtek Z550), 43% (Ex-nano (G)), and 29% (Ex-flow (G)) for the BFS test; and about 17% (Filtek Z550), 55% (Ex-nano (G)), 60% (Ex-flow (G)) for the TFS test. The elastic modulus of the experimental composites after only aging is higher (about 42%) than that of the commercial composite, but the elastic modulus of the commercial composite increases significantly after thermocycling. A descriptor known as strain work to fracture turns out to be a good descriptor for evaluating the hydro-thermal fatigue of the tested polymer–ceramic composites.

This paper deals with nonlinear mechanics of an elevator brake system subjected to uncertainties. A deterministic model that relates the braking force with uncertain parameters is deduced from mechanical equilibrium conditions. In order to take into account parameters variabilities, a parametric probabilistic approach is employed. In this stochastic formalism, the uncertain parameters are modeled as random variables, with distributions specified by the maximum entropy principle. The uncertainties are propagated by the Monte Carlo method, which provides a detailed statistical characterization of the response. This work still considers the optimum design of the brake system, formulating and solving nonlinear optimization problems, with and without the uncertainties effects.

The paper analyses the influence of the feed motion speed vf on the value of measured geometric errors of the four-axis vertical machining centre CNC FV-580A with the FANUC 0IMB numerical control system. The tests were conducted with LSP 30 Co...

The gear which is the central safety element of the friction drive lift during braking is exposed to overloading connected with changeable weight which loads the lift braking system. In the article the results of numerical analysis for braking process of CHP 2000 type progressive gear...