This page has only limited features, please log in for full access.

Dr. Naeem Khan
University of Florida

Basic Info


Research Keywords & Expertise

0 Phytoremediation
0 rhizosphere
0 biofertilizer
0 Phytohormone
0 Stress physiology

Fingerprints

rhizosphere
Abiotic Stresses
Phytoremediation
Phytohormone
biofertilizer
Plant metabolites
Plant Microbe Interactions
Biotic Stresses

Honors and Awards

Gold Medal

Gold Medal for Securing 1st Position in Bachelor of Science (Botany).

University of Malakand




Career Timeline

The user has no records in this section.


Short Biography

I am a Plant Physiologist and plant breeder, my scientific interest includes the study of Phytohormones, Plant-Microbe Interactions, Abiotic stresses, Plant breeding, Plant metabolites, Plant protection, Soil microbiology and Microbial cleaning of polluted lands.

Following
Followers
Co Authors
The list of users this user is following is empty.
Following: 0 users

Feed

Journal article
Published: 12 August 2021 in Agronomy
Reads 0
Downloads 0

The development of sustainable, ecofriendly, and cost-effective methods for the synthesis of nanomaterials is an important aspect of nanotechnology these days. The present study was aimed at synthesizing cobalt oxide (Co3O4) nanoparticles by using plant extracts of Aerva javanica, bacterial isolates from rhizospheric soil of Potentilla atrosanguinea, Swertia petiolata, Senecio chrysanthemoides, and from fungus Fusarium oxysporum. X-ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) techniques were used in the characterization of the synthesized nanoparticles. The bacterial strain, Bacillus subtilis, isolated from rhizosphere of Potentilla atrosanguinea (N1C1), Fusarium oxysporum, methanolic and aqueous extracts of Aerva javanica reduced the cobalt salts to cobalt oxide nanoparticles. The nanoparticles, synthesized from bacterial isolate N1C1 (Bacillus subtilis) and from Fusarium oxysporum had average particle size of 31.2 nm and 33.4 nm, respectively, whereas, the particle size of Aerva javanica was higher (39.2 nm) and all the nanoparticles were poly shaped. The nanoparticles synthesized from methanolic extract of Aerva javanica, bacterial strain (N1C1) and fungi Fusarium oxysporum showed better performance against Bacillus subtilis and P. aeruginosa, the bactericidal activity was higher against Gram-positive bacterial strains. Methanolic extracts of leaf and flower have shown a wide range of phytochemicals and higher antibacterial activity, and among all strains, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Bacillus subtilis susceptibility was greater to extracts.

ACS Style

Nadia Mubraiz; Asghari Bano; Tariq Mahmood; Naeem Khan. Microbial and Plant Assisted Synthesis of Cobalt Oxide Nanoparticles and Their Antimicrobial Activities. Agronomy 2021, 11, 1607 .

AMA Style

Nadia Mubraiz, Asghari Bano, Tariq Mahmood, Naeem Khan. Microbial and Plant Assisted Synthesis of Cobalt Oxide Nanoparticles and Their Antimicrobial Activities. Agronomy. 2021; 11 (8):1607.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Nadia Mubraiz; Asghari Bano; Tariq Mahmood; Naeem Khan. 2021. "Microbial and Plant Assisted Synthesis of Cobalt Oxide Nanoparticles and Their Antimicrobial Activities." Agronomy 11, no. 8: 1607.

Journal article
Published: 06 August 2021 in Sustainability
Reads 0
Downloads 0

Generally white color of the skin is regarded as a feature of superiority and prettiness around the world. Both the males and females in Pakistan apply skin-lightening creams (SLC) but they do not know about the side-effects of their constituents. Skin-lightening products include SLC and related ointments. The SLC are made by mixing fates and water in standard procedure. Here, 20 SLC specimens were obtained and subjected to mercury, hydroquinone and the total plate count (TPC). The hydroquinone in SLC was determined using HPLC, mercury level was assessed by ICP OES and finally TPC were computing by utilizing nutrient media (Agar). The hydroquinone in SLC ranged from 0 to 7.14 ± 0.18% with a median value of 0.33%. In 25% of the studied samples, hydroquinone was not detected, 70% of the samples showed values within the limit and 5% of the samples (1 sample) had a hydroquinone concentration above the permissible limit defined by Pakistan (5%). The mercury ranged 0-7.7 ppm, with a median value of 2.5 ppm. Mercury was detected in 95% of the samples; thus, only 5% of the samples had no mercury. In turn, 20% had mercury within the limit value while 75% of the samples had concentration above the Pakistan standard limit (1 ppm). Moreover, TPC obtained in this study was less than the allowable value set according to European Union (EU). Hence, the SLC samples showed high concentration of toxic constituents which could cause deleterious skin diseases. Government must monitor such kind of cosmetic products regularly in order to reduce the danger.

ACS Style

Mehreen Arshad; Yumna Sadef; Muhammad Shakoor; Muhammad Naeem; Farzana Bashir; Sajid Ahmad; Shafaqat Ali; Irfan Abid; Naeem Khan; Mohammed Alyemeni. Quantitative Estimation of the Hydroquinone, Mercury and Total Plate Count in Skin-Lightening Creams. Sustainability 2021, 13, 8786 .

AMA Style

Mehreen Arshad, Yumna Sadef, Muhammad Shakoor, Muhammad Naeem, Farzana Bashir, Sajid Ahmad, Shafaqat Ali, Irfan Abid, Naeem Khan, Mohammed Alyemeni. Quantitative Estimation of the Hydroquinone, Mercury and Total Plate Count in Skin-Lightening Creams. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (16):8786.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mehreen Arshad; Yumna Sadef; Muhammad Shakoor; Muhammad Naeem; Farzana Bashir; Sajid Ahmad; Shafaqat Ali; Irfan Abid; Naeem Khan; Mohammed Alyemeni. 2021. "Quantitative Estimation of the Hydroquinone, Mercury and Total Plate Count in Skin-Lightening Creams." Sustainability 13, no. 16: 8786.

Journal article
Published: 06 July 2021 in Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences
Reads 0
Downloads 0

Avian colibacillosis caused by the zoonotic pathogen Escherichia coli is a common bacterial infection that causes major losses in the poultry sector. Extracts of different medicinal plants and antibiotics have been used against poultry bacterial pathogens. However, overuse of antibiotics and extracts against pathogenic strains leads to the proliferation of multi-drug resistant bacteria. Due to their environmentally friendly nature, nanotechnology and beneficial bacterial strains can be used as effective strategies against poultry infections. Green synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) from Eucalyptus globulus leaves was carried out in this study. Their characterization was done by UV-vis spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Fourier transmission infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) which confirmed their synthesis, structure, and size. In vitro, antimicrobial activities of plant leaf extract, ZnO-NPs, and plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) were checked against E. coli using well diffusion as well as disc diffusion method. Results proved that the antimicrobial activity of ZnO-NPs and PGPR strains was more enhanced when compared to eucalyptus leaf extract at 36 h. The maximum relative inhibition shown by ZnO-NPs, PGPR strains and eucalyptus leaf extracts was 88%, 67% and 58%, respectively. The effectiveness of ZnO-NPs was also increased with an increase in particle dose and treatment time. The 90 mg/ml of ZnO-NPs was more effective. PGPR strains from all over the tested strains, Pseudomonas sp. (HY8N) exhibited a strong antagonism against the E. coli strain as compared to other PGPR strains used in this study. However, combined application of PGPR (Pseudomonas sp. (HY8N)) and ZnO-NPs augment antagonistic effects and showed maximum 69% antagonism. The study intends to investigate the binding affinity of ZnO-NPs with the suitable receptor of the bacterial pathogen by in silico methods. The binding site conformations showed that the ligand ZnO binds with conserved binding site of penicillin-binding protein 6 (PBP 6) receptor. According to the interactions, ZnO-NPs form the same interaction pattern with respect to other reported ligands, hence it can play a significant role in the inhibition of PBP 6. This research also found that combining ZnO-NPs with Pseudomonas sp. (HY8N) was a novel and effective technique for treating pathogenic bacteria, including multidrug-resistant bacteria.

ACS Style

Kainat Masood; Humaira Yasmin; Sidra Batool; Noshin Ilyas; Asia Nosheen; Rabia Naz; Naeem Khan; Muhammad Nadeem Hassan; Adil Aldhahrani; Fayez Althobaiti. A strategy for mitigating avian colibacillosis disease using plant growth promoting rhizobacteria and green synthesized zinc oxide nanoparticles. Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences 2021, 28, 4957 -4968.

AMA Style

Kainat Masood, Humaira Yasmin, Sidra Batool, Noshin Ilyas, Asia Nosheen, Rabia Naz, Naeem Khan, Muhammad Nadeem Hassan, Adil Aldhahrani, Fayez Althobaiti. A strategy for mitigating avian colibacillosis disease using plant growth promoting rhizobacteria and green synthesized zinc oxide nanoparticles. Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences. 2021; 28 (9):4957-4968.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Kainat Masood; Humaira Yasmin; Sidra Batool; Noshin Ilyas; Asia Nosheen; Rabia Naz; Naeem Khan; Muhammad Nadeem Hassan; Adil Aldhahrani; Fayez Althobaiti. 2021. "A strategy for mitigating avian colibacillosis disease using plant growth promoting rhizobacteria and green synthesized zinc oxide nanoparticles." Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences 28, no. 9: 4957-4968.

Review
Published: 19 June 2021 in Cells
Reads 0
Downloads 0

Abiotic stresses, such as drought, salinity, heavy metals, variations in temperature, and ultraviolet (UV) radiation, are antagonistic to plant growth and development, resulting in an overall decrease in plant yield. These stresses have direct effects on the rhizosphere, thus severely affect the root growth, and thereby affecting the overall plant growth, health, and productivity. However, the growth-promoting rhizobacteria that colonize the rhizosphere/endorhizosphere protect the roots from the adverse effects of abiotic stress and facilitate plant growth by various direct and indirect mechanisms. In the rhizosphere, plants are constantly interacting with thousands of these microorganisms, yet it is not very clear when and how these complex root, rhizosphere, and rhizobacteria interactions occur under abiotic stresses. Therefore, the present review attempts to focus on root–rhizosphere and rhizobacterial interactions under stresses, how roots respond to these interactions, and the role of rhizobacteria under these stresses. Further, the review focuses on the underlying mechanisms employed by rhizobacteria for improving root architecture and plant tolerance to abiotic stresses.

ACS Style

Naeem Khan; Shahid Ali; Muhammad Shahid; Adnan Mustafa; R. Sayyed; José Curá. Insights into the Interactions among Roots, Rhizosphere, and Rhizobacteria for Improving Plant Growth and Tolerance to Abiotic Stresses: A Review. Cells 2021, 10, 1551 .

AMA Style

Naeem Khan, Shahid Ali, Muhammad Shahid, Adnan Mustafa, R. Sayyed, José Curá. Insights into the Interactions among Roots, Rhizosphere, and Rhizobacteria for Improving Plant Growth and Tolerance to Abiotic Stresses: A Review. Cells. 2021; 10 (6):1551.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Naeem Khan; Shahid Ali; Muhammad Shahid; Adnan Mustafa; R. Sayyed; José Curá. 2021. "Insights into the Interactions among Roots, Rhizosphere, and Rhizobacteria for Improving Plant Growth and Tolerance to Abiotic Stresses: A Review." Cells 10, no. 6: 1551.

Review article
Published: 10 June 2021 in Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems
Reads 0
Downloads 0

During the last two decades the world has experienced an abrupt change in climate. Both natural and artificial factors are climate change drivers, although the effect of natural factors are lesser than the anthropogenic drivers. These factors have changed the pattern of precipitation resulting in a rise in sea levels, changes in evapotranspiration, occurrence of flood overwintering of pathogens, increased resistance of pests and parasites, and reduced productivity of plants. Although excess CO2 promotes growth of C3 plants, high temperatures reduce the yield of important agricultural crops due to high evapotranspiration. These two factors have an impact on soil salinization and agriculture production, leading to the issue of water and food security. Farmers have adopted different strategies to cope with agriculture production in saline and saline sodic soil. Recently the inoculation of halotolerant plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) in saline fields is an environmentally friendly and sustainable approach to overcome salinity and promote crop growth and yield in saline and saline sodic soil. These halotolerant bacteria synthesize certain metabolites which help crops in adopting a saline condition and promote their growth without any negative effects. There is a complex interkingdom signaling between host and microbes for mutual interaction, which is also influenced by environmental factors. For mutual survival, nature induces a strong positive relationship between host and microbes in the rhizosphere. Commercialization of such PGPR in the form of biofertilizers, biostimulants, and biopower are needed to build climate resilience in agriculture. The production of phytohormones, particularly auxins, have been demonstrated by PGPR, even the pathogenic bacteria and fungi which also modulate the endogenous level of auxins in plants, subsequently enhancing plant resistance to various stresses. The present review focuses on plant-microbe communication and elaborates on their role in plant tolerance under changing climatic conditions.

ACS Style

Asad Ullah; Asghari Bano; Naeem Khan. Climate Change and Salinity Effects on Crops and Chemical Communication Between Plants and Plant Growth-Promoting Microorganisms Under Stress. Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems 2021, 5, 1 .

AMA Style

Asad Ullah, Asghari Bano, Naeem Khan. Climate Change and Salinity Effects on Crops and Chemical Communication Between Plants and Plant Growth-Promoting Microorganisms Under Stress. Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems. 2021; 5 ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Asad Ullah; Asghari Bano; Naeem Khan. 2021. "Climate Change and Salinity Effects on Crops and Chemical Communication Between Plants and Plant Growth-Promoting Microorganisms Under Stress." Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems 5, no. : 1.

Review article
Published: 22 April 2021 in Microbiological Research
Reads 0
Downloads 0

Drought stress is expected to increase in intensity, frequency, and duration in many parts of the world, with potential negative impacts on plant growth and productivity. The plants have evolved complex physiological and biochemical mechanisms to respond and adjust to water-deficient environments. The physiological and biochemical mechanisms associated with water-stress tolerance and water-use efficiency have been extensively studied. Besides these adaptive and mitigating strategies, the plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) play a significant role in alleviating plant drought stress. These beneficial microorganisms colonize the endo-rhizosphere/rhizosphere of plants and enhance drought tolerance. The common mechanism by which these microorganisms improve drought tolerance included the production of volatile compounds, phytohormones, siderophores, exopolysaccharides, 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate deaminase (ACC deaminase), accumulation of antioxidant, stress-induced metabolites such as osmotic solutes proline, alternation in leaf and root morphology and regulation of the stress-responsive genes. The PGPR is an easy and efficient alternative approach to genetic manipulation and crop enhancement practices because plant breeding and genetic modification are time-consuming and expensive processes for obtaining stress-tolerant varieties. In this review, we will elaborate on PGPR’s mechanistic approaches in enhancing the plant stress tolerance to cope with the drought stress.

ACS Style

Shahid Ali; Naeem Khan. Delineation of mechanistic approaches employed by plant growth promoting microorganisms for improving drought stress tolerance in plants. Microbiological Research 2021, 249, 126771 .

AMA Style

Shahid Ali, Naeem Khan. Delineation of mechanistic approaches employed by plant growth promoting microorganisms for improving drought stress tolerance in plants. Microbiological Research. 2021; 249 ():126771.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Shahid Ali; Naeem Khan. 2021. "Delineation of mechanistic approaches employed by plant growth promoting microorganisms for improving drought stress tolerance in plants." Microbiological Research 249, no. : 126771.

Review article
Published: 15 April 2021 in Industrial Crops and Products
Reads 0
Downloads 0

Environmental stress represents a major limitation for increasing crop productivity and the use of natural resources. Most plants are exposed to various types of stress to different degrees and have an inherent ability to adapt to seasonal variations, but when they are subjected to drought and salinity stress, a series of morphological, physiological, biochemical and molecular changes occur. Moreover, both drought and salinity result in osmotic stress, which inhibits growth and causes disturbances at metabolic level. An effect of osmotic stress is the production of high levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS). At low concentrations, ROS are essential participants in cell signaling, but an excess generation of ROS results in toxicity, damaging macromolecules leading to cell death. To avoid the deleterious effects of ROS and adjust this imbalance, plants have evolved antioxidant systems that can be classified as enzymatic and non-enzymatic, and together, these preserve homeostasis in all cell compartments. In addition, oxidative stress can be measured indirectly following the formation of oxidative by-products of lipids, proteins, or nucleic acids, with malondialdehyde (MDA) being one of the most widely used markers. It has been observed that the negative effects on plant development caused by water stress can be mitigated by the use of PGPR (Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria) microorganisms, which is an alternative technology for improving the capacity of tolerance to abiotic stress in plants. In the present review, by considering enzymatic and non-enzymatic responses, we elaborate on the role of PGPR in helping medicinal and aromatic plants to cope with osmotic stress through antioxidant defenses. This review paper also emphasizes a future research requirement involving investigating the combined utilization of osmotic stress and PGPR in order to enhance the content of secondary metabolites. In addition, this present review examines the antioxidant responses in MAPs subjected to osmotic stress and inoculated with PGPR, which have not been extensively reviewed before.

ACS Style

Julieta Chiappero; Lorena Del Rosario Cappellari; Tamara Belén Palermo; Walter Giordano; Naeem Khan; Erika Banchio. Antioxidant status of medicinal and aromatic plants under the influence of growth-promoting rhizobacteria and osmotic stress. Industrial Crops and Products 2021, 167, 113541 .

AMA Style

Julieta Chiappero, Lorena Del Rosario Cappellari, Tamara Belén Palermo, Walter Giordano, Naeem Khan, Erika Banchio. Antioxidant status of medicinal and aromatic plants under the influence of growth-promoting rhizobacteria and osmotic stress. Industrial Crops and Products. 2021; 167 ():113541.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Julieta Chiappero; Lorena Del Rosario Cappellari; Tamara Belén Palermo; Walter Giordano; Naeem Khan; Erika Banchio. 2021. "Antioxidant status of medicinal and aromatic plants under the influence of growth-promoting rhizobacteria and osmotic stress." Industrial Crops and Products 167, no. : 113541.

Journal article
Published: 06 April 2021 in Sustainability
Reads 0
Downloads 0

Lead (Pb) is one of the most toxic elements on earth. The main origins of Pb pollution are automobiles, paint and electroplating industries. Pb-induced stress has very toxic effects on plant growth and biomass. The concentration of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in plant cells significantly increases under Pb stress, which interrupts the biochemical cycles in cells and leads to cell death. Therefore, it is essential to clean up the Pb-polluted soils. Among all techniques that are used to clean soil that is metal-contaminated, the best technique is phytoremediation. The present study intends to determine the role of citric acid (CA) and glutathione (GSH) in the phytoremediation of Pb by using castor bean plants. Plant biomass was significantly reduced due to Pb stress. Lead toxicity was also harmful to the photosynthetic pigments and antioxidant enzymes activities. In reverse, the content of malondialdehyde (MDA), H2O2 concentration and electrolyte leakage (EL) were increased under Pb stress. The combined application of GSH and CA enhanced photosynthetic pigments, antioxidant enzyme activities and plant biomass and minimized MDA, H2O2 and EL under Pb stress. The amount of Pb in roots and leaves remarkably increased by the joint application of CA and GSH. The combined application of CA and GSH (5 mM + 25 mM, respectively) was proven to be beneficial compared to the control. From the present results, we can conclude that the combined application of CA and GSH promoted the phytoremediation of Pb and helped the host plant to combat Pb toxicity.

ACS Style

Fanrong Zeng; Zahid Mallhi; Naeem Khan; Muhammad Rizwan; Shafaqat Ali; Awais Ahmad; Afzal Hussain; Abdulaziz Alsahli; Mohammed Alyemeni. Combined Citric Acid and Glutathione Augments Lead (Pb) Stress Tolerance and Phytoremediation of Castorbean through Antioxidant Machinery and Pb Uptake. Sustainability 2021, 13, 4073 .

AMA Style

Fanrong Zeng, Zahid Mallhi, Naeem Khan, Muhammad Rizwan, Shafaqat Ali, Awais Ahmad, Afzal Hussain, Abdulaziz Alsahli, Mohammed Alyemeni. Combined Citric Acid and Glutathione Augments Lead (Pb) Stress Tolerance and Phytoremediation of Castorbean through Antioxidant Machinery and Pb Uptake. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (7):4073.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Fanrong Zeng; Zahid Mallhi; Naeem Khan; Muhammad Rizwan; Shafaqat Ali; Awais Ahmad; Afzal Hussain; Abdulaziz Alsahli; Mohammed Alyemeni. 2021. "Combined Citric Acid and Glutathione Augments Lead (Pb) Stress Tolerance and Phytoremediation of Castorbean through Antioxidant Machinery and Pb Uptake." Sustainability 13, no. 7: 4073.

Review
Published: 02 April 2021 in Sustainability
Reads 0
Downloads 0

Plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) have great potential to provide economical and sustainable solutions to current agricultural challenges. The Methylobacteria which are frequently present in the phyllosphere can promote plant growth and development. The Methylobacterium genus is composed mostly of pink-pigmented facultative methylotrophic bacteria, utilizing organic one-carbon compounds as the sole carbon and energy source for growth. Methylobacterium spp. have been isolated from diverse environments, especially from the surface of plants, because they can oxidize and assimilate methanol released by plant leaves as a byproduct of pectin formation during cell wall synthesis. Members of the Methylobacterium genus are good candidates as PGPB due to their positive impact on plant health and growth; they provide nutrients to plants, modulate phytohormone levels, and protect plants against pathogens. In this paper, interactions between Methylobacterium spp. and plants and how the bacteria promote crop growth is reviewed. Moreover, the following examples of how to engineer microbiomes of plants using plant-growth-promoting Methylobacterium are discussed in the present review: introducing external Methylobacterium spp. to plants, introducing functional genes or clusters to resident Methylobacterium spp. of crops, and enhancing the abilities of Methylobacterium spp. to promote plant growth by random mutation, acclimation, and engineering.

ACS Style

Cong Zhang; Meng-Ying Wang; Naeem Khan; Ling-Ling Tan; Song Yang. Potentials, Utilization, and Bioengineering of Plant Growth-Promoting Methylobacterium for Sustainable Agriculture. Sustainability 2021, 13, 3941 .

AMA Style

Cong Zhang, Meng-Ying Wang, Naeem Khan, Ling-Ling Tan, Song Yang. Potentials, Utilization, and Bioengineering of Plant Growth-Promoting Methylobacterium for Sustainable Agriculture. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (7):3941.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Cong Zhang; Meng-Ying Wang; Naeem Khan; Ling-Ling Tan; Song Yang. 2021. "Potentials, Utilization, and Bioengineering of Plant Growth-Promoting Methylobacterium for Sustainable Agriculture." Sustainability 13, no. 7: 3941.

Book chapter
Published: 26 March 2021 in Biofertilizers
Reads 0
Downloads 0

Environmental stresses not only affect the population and activities of microorganisms inhabiting the rhizosphere but also various physiological and biochemical processes in plants, that are, photosynthesis, respiration, translocation and uptake of ions, carbohydrates, and nutrient metabolism. Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) and their exopolysaccharides (EPS) showed profound effects on plant growth and tolerance to environmental stresses. Reactions of bacteria to different stresses at various organizational levels are different, depending on the intensity of stress, duration, species, and growth stage. PGPR could be effectively utilized in developing strategies to facilitate water conservation strategies of plants. They have the ability to improve plant growth directly by enhancing levels of phytohormones, siderophore, biofilm, and exopolysaccharides production and by increasing the nutrient availability in the rhizosphere or indirectly by protecting plants from pathogens attack. Stress tolerance strategies are costly and time consuming, however, recent studies specify that PGPR can help plants to withstand harsh environmental conditions and enable plants to cope with adverse environmental conditions by altering their metabolic content. PGPR can act as biofertilizer and bioenhancer for different legumes and nonlegumes. The use of PGPR has been confirmed to be an ecologically sound way of enhancing crop yields by facilitating cell division, embryogenesis, root formation, fruit development and ripening, and tolerance to biotic and abiotic stresses and upholding water conservation status in plants.

ACS Style

Naeem Khan; Asif Mehmood; Shahid Ali; Muhammad Adnan Shahid. Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria and their role as bio-inoculants for sustainable agriculture under stressful environments. Biofertilizers 2021, 313 -321.

AMA Style

Naeem Khan, Asif Mehmood, Shahid Ali, Muhammad Adnan Shahid. Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria and their role as bio-inoculants for sustainable agriculture under stressful environments. Biofertilizers. 2021; ():313-321.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Naeem Khan; Asif Mehmood; Shahid Ali; Muhammad Adnan Shahid. 2021. "Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria and their role as bio-inoculants for sustainable agriculture under stressful environments." Biofertilizers , no. : 313-321.

Journal article
Published: 26 March 2021 in Molecules
Reads 0
Downloads 0

Bacteria that surround plant roots and exert beneficial effects on plant growth are known as plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR). In addition to the plant growth-promotion, PGPR also imparts resistance against salinity and oxidative stress and needs to be studied. Such PGPR can function as dynamic bioinoculants under salinity conditions. The present study reports the isolation of phytase positive multifarious Klebsiella variicola SURYA6 isolated from wheat rhizosphere in Kolhapur, India. The isolate produced various plant growth-promoting (PGP), salinity ameliorating, and antioxidant traits. It produced organic acid, yielded a higher phosphorous solubilization index (9.3), maximum phytase activity (376.67 ± 2.77 U/mL), and copious amounts of siderophore (79.0%). The isolate also produced salt ameliorating traits such as indole acetic acid (78.45 ± 1.9 µg/mL), 1 aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate deaminase (0.991 M/mg/h), and exopolysaccharides (32.2 ± 1.2 g/L). In addition to these, the isolate also produced higher activities of antioxidant enzymes like superoxide dismutase (13.86 IU/mg protein), catalase (0.053 IU/mg protein), and glutathione oxidase (22.12 µg/mg protein) at various salt levels. The isolate exhibited optimum growth and maximum secretion of these metabolites during the log-phase growth. It exhibited sensitivity to a wide range of antibiotics and did not produce hemolysis on blood agar, indicative of its non-pathogenic nature. The potential of K. variicola to produce copious amounts of various PGP, salt ameliorating, and antioxidant metabolites make it a potential bioinoculant for salinity stress management.

ACS Style

Supriya Kusale; Yasmin Attar; R. Sayyed; Roslinda Malek; Noshin Ilyas; Ni Suriani; Naeem Khan; Hesham El Enshasy. Production of Plant Beneficial and Antioxidants Metabolites by Klebsiellavariicola under Salinity Stress. Molecules 2021, 26, 1894 .

AMA Style

Supriya Kusale, Yasmin Attar, R. Sayyed, Roslinda Malek, Noshin Ilyas, Ni Suriani, Naeem Khan, Hesham El Enshasy. Production of Plant Beneficial and Antioxidants Metabolites by Klebsiellavariicola under Salinity Stress. Molecules. 2021; 26 (7):1894.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Supriya Kusale; Yasmin Attar; R. Sayyed; Roslinda Malek; Noshin Ilyas; Ni Suriani; Naeem Khan; Hesham El Enshasy. 2021. "Production of Plant Beneficial and Antioxidants Metabolites by Klebsiellavariicola under Salinity Stress." Molecules 26, no. 7: 1894.

Journal article
Published: 18 March 2021 in Environmental Research
Reads 0
Downloads 0

Extraction and exploration of petroleum hydrocarbons (PHs) to satisfy the rising world population's fossil fuel demand is playing havoc with human beings and other life forms by contaminating the ecosystem, particularly the soil. In the current review, we highlighted the sources of PHs contamination, factors affecting the PHs accumulation in soil, mechanisms of uptake, translocation and potential toxic effects of PHs on plants. In plants, PHs reduce the seed germination andnutrients translocation, and induce oxidative stress, disturb the plant metabolic activity and inhibit the plant physiology and morphology that ultimately reduce plant yield. Moreover, the defense strategy in plants to mitigate the PHs toxicity and other potential remediation techniques, including the use of organic manure, compost, plant hormones, and biochar, and application of microbe-assisted remediation, and phytoremediation are also discussed in the current review. These remediation strategies not only help to remediate PHs pollutionin the soil rhizosphere but also enhance the morphological and physiological attributes of plant and results to improve crop yield under PHs contaminated soils. This review aims to provide significant information on ecological importance of PHs stress in various interdisciplinary investigations and critical remediation techniques to mitigate the contamination of PHs in agricultural soils.

ACS Style

Fasih Ullah Haider; Mukkaram Ejaz; Sardar Alam Cheema; Muhammad Imran Khan; Baowei Zhao; Cai Liqun; Muhammad Arslan Salim; Muhammad Naveed; Naeem Khan; Avelino Núñez-Delgado; Adnan Mustafa. Phytotoxicity of petroleum hydrocarbons: Sources, impacts and remediation strategies. Environmental Research 2021, 197, 111031 .

AMA Style

Fasih Ullah Haider, Mukkaram Ejaz, Sardar Alam Cheema, Muhammad Imran Khan, Baowei Zhao, Cai Liqun, Muhammad Arslan Salim, Muhammad Naveed, Naeem Khan, Avelino Núñez-Delgado, Adnan Mustafa. Phytotoxicity of petroleum hydrocarbons: Sources, impacts and remediation strategies. Environmental Research. 2021; 197 ():111031.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Fasih Ullah Haider; Mukkaram Ejaz; Sardar Alam Cheema; Muhammad Imran Khan; Baowei Zhao; Cai Liqun; Muhammad Arslan Salim; Muhammad Naveed; Naeem Khan; Avelino Núñez-Delgado; Adnan Mustafa. 2021. "Phytotoxicity of petroleum hydrocarbons: Sources, impacts and remediation strategies." Environmental Research 197, no. : 111031.

Review article
Published: 16 March 2021 in Journal of Nanomaterials
Reads 0
Downloads 0

Nanotechnology has shown promising potential tools and strategies at the nanometer scale to improve food production and meet the future demands of agricultural and food security. However, considering nanotechnology’s potential benefits to date, their applicability has not yet reached up to field conditions. Increasing concerns regarding absorption, translocation, bioavailability, toxicity of nanoparticles, and impropriety of the regulatory framework restrict the complete acceptance and inclination of the agricultural sector to implement nanotechnologies. The biological function of nanoparticles depends on their physicochemical properties, the method of application, and concentration. The effects of the various types of nanoparticles (NPs) on plants were determined to increase seed germination and biomass or grain yield. The NPs also increased the plant’s resistance to various biotic and abiotic stresses. The plant’s biological functions depend on the events that occur at the molecular level. However, little progress has been made at the molecular level influenced by nanoparticles, which is an important step in evaluating potential mechanisms and plants’ effects. Therefore, it is important to understand plants’ underlying mechanism and response towards nanoparticles, and the gene expression changes through molecular approaches. The associations of nanomaterials with plant cells, the process of internalization, and the distribution of biomolecules using nanoparticles as a carrier are studied but not well understood. The transmission of biomolecules, such as nucleic acids, is a major obstacle due to cell walls, limiting the application of nanomaterials in crop enhancement mediated by genetic engineering. Recently, the use of different nanomaterials for nucleic acid delivery in plant cells has been published. Here, we aim to update researchers on the absorption and translocation of nanoparticles and elaborate on the importance of nanoparticles in agriculture and crop stress tolerance.

ACS Style

Shahid Ali; Asif Mehmood; Naeem Khan. Uptake, Translocation, and Consequences of Nanomaterials on Plant Growth and Stress Adaptation. Journal of Nanomaterials 2021, 2021, 1 -17.

AMA Style

Shahid Ali, Asif Mehmood, Naeem Khan. Uptake, Translocation, and Consequences of Nanomaterials on Plant Growth and Stress Adaptation. Journal of Nanomaterials. 2021; 2021 ():1-17.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Shahid Ali; Asif Mehmood; Naeem Khan. 2021. "Uptake, Translocation, and Consequences of Nanomaterials on Plant Growth and Stress Adaptation." Journal of Nanomaterials 2021, no. : 1-17.

Editorial
Published: 11 March 2021 in Agronomy
Reads 0
Downloads 0

Plant growth-promoting microorganisms (PGPM) are rhizosphere microorganisms that colonize the root environment

ACS Style

Naeem Khan. Application of Plant Growth Promoting Microorganism and Plant Growth Regulators in Agricultural Production and Research. Agronomy 2021, 11, 524 .

AMA Style

Naeem Khan. Application of Plant Growth Promoting Microorganism and Plant Growth Regulators in Agricultural Production and Research. Agronomy. 2021; 11 (3):524.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Naeem Khan. 2021. "Application of Plant Growth Promoting Microorganism and Plant Growth Regulators in Agricultural Production and Research." Agronomy 11, no. 3: 524.

Journal article
Published: 17 February 2021 in Sustainability
Reads 0
Downloads 0

Continuous application of phosphate (P) mineral to soil renders apatite addition during each crop growing season which is of great concern from a sustainable agriculture viewpoint. Use of efficient phosphate solubilizing microbes (PSB) is one of the most effective ways to solubilize this apatite mineral in the soil. The current study targeted hydroxyapatite mines to explore, isolate and characterize efficient P solubilizers to solubilize apatite in the soil. Efficiency of isolated microbes to solubilize rock phosphate (hydroxyapatite) and tri-calcium phosphate (TCP) as well as indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate deaminase (ACC) activity were tested. Identification and phylogenetic analysis of bacterial and fungal isolates were carried out by 16S rRNA and internal transcribed spacer (ITS) rDNA sequence analyses, respectively. The isolated bacterial strains were identified as Staphylococcus sp., Bacillus firmus, Bacillus safensis, and Bacillus licheniformis whereas fungal isolates were identified as Penicillium sp. and Penicillium oxalicum. Results showed that the impact of identified strains in combination with three phosphate fertilizers sources (compost, rock phosphate and diammonium phosphate (DAP)) was conspicuous on maize crop grown in pot. Both bacterial and fungal strains increased the P uptake by plants as well as recorded with higher available P in post-harvested soil. Penicillium sp. in combination with compost resulted in maximum P-uptake by plants and post-harvest soil P contents, compared to other combinations of P sources and bio-inoculants. Screening and application of efficient P solubilizers can be a better option to utilize the indigenous phosphate reserves of soil as well as organic amendments for sustainable agriculture.

ACS Style

Awais Qarni; Motsim Billah; Khadim Hussain; Sabir Shah; Waqas Ahmed; Sadia Alam; Aftab Sheikh; Laila Jafri; Asia Munir; Kouser Malik; Naeem Khan. Isolation and Characterization of Phosphate Solubilizing Microbes from Rock Phosphate Mines and their Potential Effect for Sustainable Agriculture. Sustainability 2021, 13, 2151 .

AMA Style

Awais Qarni, Motsim Billah, Khadim Hussain, Sabir Shah, Waqas Ahmed, Sadia Alam, Aftab Sheikh, Laila Jafri, Asia Munir, Kouser Malik, Naeem Khan. Isolation and Characterization of Phosphate Solubilizing Microbes from Rock Phosphate Mines and their Potential Effect for Sustainable Agriculture. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (4):2151.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Awais Qarni; Motsim Billah; Khadim Hussain; Sabir Shah; Waqas Ahmed; Sadia Alam; Aftab Sheikh; Laila Jafri; Asia Munir; Kouser Malik; Naeem Khan. 2021. "Isolation and Characterization of Phosphate Solubilizing Microbes from Rock Phosphate Mines and their Potential Effect for Sustainable Agriculture." Sustainability 13, no. 4: 2151.

Journal article
Published: 13 January 2021 in Agronomy
Reads 0
Downloads 0

Two field trials were conducted during the 2014/2015 and 2015/2016 seasons at Aweesh Al-Hagar Village, center of Mansoura, Dakahlia Governorate, Egypt. A split-split-plot design with four replicates was used. The main plots were assigned three nitrogen fertilizer levels, i.e., 165, 220, and 275 kg/ha. The sub-plots were restricted to four gibberellic acid (GA3) concentrations, i.e., 0, 80, 160, and 240 mg/L, and the sub-sub plots received GA3 application twice, i.e., 60 and 120 days after planting (DAP). The results showed that both root length and diameter, root and foliage fresh weights/plant, and root and foliage yields/ha increased with the incremental level of nitrogen and/or GA3 concentration. Foliar application of GA3 and N-fertilizers also significantly decreased quality parameters including sucrose and total soluble solid (TSS) percentages. Early application of GA3 (60 DAP) had an active role on sugar beet growth, yield, and quality compared with spraying at 120 DAP. Generally, fertilizing sugar beet with 275 kg N/ha or spraying GA3 with a concentration of 160 mg/L at 60 DAP is the recommended treatment for raising sugar yield under the ecological circumstances of this research.

ACS Style

Ahmed A. A. Leilah; Naeem Khan. Interactive Effects of Gibberellic Acid and Nitrogen Fertilization on the Growth, Yield, and Quality of Sugar Beet. Agronomy 2021, 11, 137 .

AMA Style

Ahmed A. A. Leilah, Naeem Khan. Interactive Effects of Gibberellic Acid and Nitrogen Fertilization on the Growth, Yield, and Quality of Sugar Beet. Agronomy. 2021; 11 (1):137.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ahmed A. A. Leilah; Naeem Khan. 2021. "Interactive Effects of Gibberellic Acid and Nitrogen Fertilization on the Growth, Yield, and Quality of Sugar Beet." Agronomy 11, no. 1: 137.

Journal article
Published: 01 January 2021 in American Journal of Plant Sciences
Reads 0
Downloads 0

Genetic diversity in 30 genotypes of Pumpkins was collected from unexplored mountainous areas of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan was investigated through biochemical characterization. For biochemical characterization, Sodium Dodecyl Sulphate Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis was carried out. The seed proteins were resolved on 7.5% and 15% polyacrylamide gel. A total of 35% genetic disagreement was observed in the collected lines with linkage distances ranging from 0.00 - 0.83 (percent disagreement). Similarly, cluster analysis sorted total germplasm on the basis of 12 bands (total bands) into eight clusters. Present study revealed a considerable amount of genetic diversity explored in pumpkin germplasm, Cluster analysis exhibited moderate level of genetic diversity; to broaden the gene pool. Further collection of the important germplasm is needed to be used in the development of improved cultivars with respect to quality and quantity.

ACS Style

Muhammad Ikram; Niaz Ali; Muhammad Ishaq; Muhammad Romman; Yasir Islam; Naeem Khan. Genetic Variation among Seedling of Pumpkins Genotypes through SDS-Page. American Journal of Plant Sciences 2021, 12, 711 -719.

AMA Style

Muhammad Ikram, Niaz Ali, Muhammad Ishaq, Muhammad Romman, Yasir Islam, Naeem Khan. Genetic Variation among Seedling of Pumpkins Genotypes through SDS-Page. American Journal of Plant Sciences. 2021; 12 (05):711-719.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Muhammad Ikram; Niaz Ali; Muhammad Ishaq; Muhammad Romman; Yasir Islam; Naeem Khan. 2021. "Genetic Variation among Seedling of Pumpkins Genotypes through SDS-Page." American Journal of Plant Sciences 12, no. 05: 711-719.

Journal article
Published: 23 December 2020 in Sustainability
Reads 0
Downloads 0

Linseed is an important industrial crop cultivated for its edible seeds and fiber linen. Organic fertilizers have beneficial effects on soil properties and quality of crops. Therefore, we conducted two field experiments during 2018–2019 and 2019–2020 to determine the effect of organic fertilizers on soil fertility, yield and fiber quality of linseed varieties Roshni, BL1 and Chandni under low soil moisture conditions. We prepared organic fertilizers from seed cake of Eruca sativa, leaves of Moringa oleifera and chicken peat in various combinations by composting method. The various formulations of organic fertilizers included OF1(1 kg seed cake of Eruca sativa), OF2 (1 kg seed cake of Eruca sativa +1 kg chicken peat), OF3 (1 kg seed cake of Eruca sativa + 0.5 kg chicken peat + 0.25 kg Moringa oliefera leaves) and OF4 (1 kg seed cake of Eruca sativa + 0.250 kg chicken peat + 0.5 kg Moringa oliefera leaves). Compositional analysis of organic fertilizers indicated that OF3 and OF4 had higher and may potentially sufficient quantities of NPK and organic matter. Both of these fertilizers significantly improved soil total N, available P, K, Zn and Fe contents. Growth response of linseed varieties to organic fertilizers was evaluated under water deficit stress (40% field capacity of soil) at tillering stage for one month. Water stress had significantly adverse effects on plant height, production of tillers per plant, leaf relative water content (LRWC), number of capsules per plant, thousand seed weight, total seed yield, straw yield, fiber length and fiber weight of linseed varieties. However, the application of OF3 and OF4 significantly enhanced plant height, tillers production, LRWC, seed yield, straw yield, fiber length and fiber weight under water deficit stress. Water deficit stress also resulted in a significant increase in the content of phenolics of both the leaves and roots. For each measured quality parameter of linseed varieties, organic fertilizer treatments resulted in higher values than untreated and irrigated control. We concluded that organic fertilizers particularly OF3 and OF4 significantly improved soil fertility and minimized negative effect of water deficit stress on plant height, tillers production, LRWC, seed yield, straw yield, fiber length and fiber weight of linseed varieties.

ACS Style

Asif Ullah Khan; Faizan Ullah; Zalan Alam Khan; Sultan Mehmood; Shah Fahad; Rahul Datta; Inam Irshad; Subhan Danish; Shah Saud; Ibrahim A. Alaraidh; Hayssam M. Ali; Manzer H. Siddiqui; Naeem Khan; Shah Masud Khan; Ghulam Sabir Hussain. Production of Organic Fertilizers from Rocket Seed (Eruca sativa L.), Chicken Peat and Moringa oleifera Leaves for Growing Linseed under Water Deficit Stress. Sustainability 2020, 13, 59 .

AMA Style

Asif Ullah Khan, Faizan Ullah, Zalan Alam Khan, Sultan Mehmood, Shah Fahad, Rahul Datta, Inam Irshad, Subhan Danish, Shah Saud, Ibrahim A. Alaraidh, Hayssam M. Ali, Manzer H. Siddiqui, Naeem Khan, Shah Masud Khan, Ghulam Sabir Hussain. Production of Organic Fertilizers from Rocket Seed (Eruca sativa L.), Chicken Peat and Moringa oleifera Leaves for Growing Linseed under Water Deficit Stress. Sustainability. 2020; 13 (1):59.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Asif Ullah Khan; Faizan Ullah; Zalan Alam Khan; Sultan Mehmood; Shah Fahad; Rahul Datta; Inam Irshad; Subhan Danish; Shah Saud; Ibrahim A. Alaraidh; Hayssam M. Ali; Manzer H. Siddiqui; Naeem Khan; Shah Masud Khan; Ghulam Sabir Hussain. 2020. "Production of Organic Fertilizers from Rocket Seed (Eruca sativa L.), Chicken Peat and Moringa oleifera Leaves for Growing Linseed under Water Deficit Stress." Sustainability 13, no. 1: 59.

Journal article
Published: 21 December 2020 in Agronomy
Reads 0
Downloads 0

The boron (B) concentration surpasses the plant need in arid and semi-arid regions of the world, resulting in phyto-toxicity. Salicylic acid (SA) is an endogenous signaling molecule responsible for stress tolerance in plants and is a potential candidate for ameliorating B toxicity. In this study, the effects of seed priming with SA (0, 50, 100 and 150 µM for 12 h) on the growth, pigmentation and mineral concentrations of maize (Zea mays L.) grown under B toxicity were investigated. One-week old seedlings were subjected to soil spiked with B (0, 15 and 30 mg kg−1 soil) as boric acid. Elevating concentrations of B reduced the root and shoot length, but these losses were significantly restored in plants raised from seeds primed with 100 µM of SA. The B application decreased the root and shoot fresh/dry biomasses significantly at 30 mg kg−1 soil. The chlorophyll and carotenoid contents decreased with increasing levels of B, while the contents of anthocyanin, H2O2, ascorbic acid (ASA) and glycinebetaine (GB) were enhanced. The root K and Ca contents were significantly increased, while a reduction in the shoot K contents was recorded. The nitrate concentration was significantly higher in the shoot as compared to the root under applied B toxic regimes. However, all of these B toxicity effects were diminished with 100 µM SA applications. The current study outcomes suggested that the exogenously applied SA modulates the response of plants grown under B toxic conditions, and hence could be used as a plant growth regulator to stimulate plant growth and enhance mineral nutrient uptake under B-stressed conditions.

ACS Style

Muhammad Nawaz; Sabtain Ishaq; Hasnain Ishaq; Naeem Khan; Naeem Iqbal; Shafaqat Ali; Muhammad Rizwan; Abdulaziz Abdullah Alsahli; Mohammed Nasser Alyemeni. Salicylic Acid Improves Boron Toxicity Tolerance by Modulating the Physio-Biochemical Characteristics of Maize (Zea mays L.) at an Early Growth Stage. Agronomy 2020, 10, 2013 .

AMA Style

Muhammad Nawaz, Sabtain Ishaq, Hasnain Ishaq, Naeem Khan, Naeem Iqbal, Shafaqat Ali, Muhammad Rizwan, Abdulaziz Abdullah Alsahli, Mohammed Nasser Alyemeni. Salicylic Acid Improves Boron Toxicity Tolerance by Modulating the Physio-Biochemical Characteristics of Maize (Zea mays L.) at an Early Growth Stage. Agronomy. 2020; 10 (12):2013.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Muhammad Nawaz; Sabtain Ishaq; Hasnain Ishaq; Naeem Khan; Naeem Iqbal; Shafaqat Ali; Muhammad Rizwan; Abdulaziz Abdullah Alsahli; Mohammed Nasser Alyemeni. 2020. "Salicylic Acid Improves Boron Toxicity Tolerance by Modulating the Physio-Biochemical Characteristics of Maize (Zea mays L.) at an Early Growth Stage." Agronomy 10, no. 12: 2013.

Journal article
Published: 24 November 2020 in Plants
Reads 0
Downloads 0

Drought is a major constraint in drylands for crop production. Plant associated microbes can help plants in acquisition of soil nutrients to enhance productivity in stressful conditions. The current study was designed to illuminate the effectiveness of desert rhizobacterial strains on growth and net-return of chickpeas grown in pots by using sandy loam soil of Thal Pakistan desert. A total of 125 rhizobacterial strains were isolated, out of which 72 strains were inoculated with chickpeas in the growth chamber for 75 days to screen most efficient isolates. Amongst all, six bacterial strains (two rhizobia and four plant growth promoting rhizobacterial strains) significantly enhanced nodulation and shoot-root length as compared to other treatments. These promising strains were morphologically and biochemically characterized and identified through 16sRNA sequencing. Then, eight consortia of the identified isolates were formulated to evaluate the growth and development of chickpea at three moisture levels (55%, 75% and 95% of field capacity) in a glass house experiment. The trend for best performing consortia in terms of growth and development of chickpea remained T2 at moisture level 1 > T7 at moisture level 2 > T4 at moisture level 3. The present study indicates the vital role of co-inoculated bacterial strains in growth enhancement of chickpea under low moisture availability. It is concluded from the results that the consortium T2 (Mesorhizobium ciceri RZ-11 + Bacillus subtilis RP-01 + Bacillus mojavensis RS-14) can perform best in drought conditions (55% field capacity) and T4 (Mesorhizobium ciceri RZ-11 + Enterobacter Cloacae RP-08 + Providencia vermicola RS-15) can be adopted in irrigated areas (95% field capacity) for maximum productivity of chickpea.

ACS Style

Azhar Mahmood Aulakh; Ghulam Qadir; Fayyaz Ul Hassan; Rifat Hayat; Tariq Sultan; Motsim Billah; Manzoor Hussain; Naeem Khan. Desert Soil Microbes as a Mineral Nutrient Acquisition Tool for Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) Productivity at Different Moisture Regimes. Plants 2020, 9, 1629 .

AMA Style

Azhar Mahmood Aulakh, Ghulam Qadir, Fayyaz Ul Hassan, Rifat Hayat, Tariq Sultan, Motsim Billah, Manzoor Hussain, Naeem Khan. Desert Soil Microbes as a Mineral Nutrient Acquisition Tool for Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) Productivity at Different Moisture Regimes. Plants. 2020; 9 (12):1629.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Azhar Mahmood Aulakh; Ghulam Qadir; Fayyaz Ul Hassan; Rifat Hayat; Tariq Sultan; Motsim Billah; Manzoor Hussain; Naeem Khan. 2020. "Desert Soil Microbes as a Mineral Nutrient Acquisition Tool for Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) Productivity at Different Moisture Regimes." Plants 9, no. 12: 1629.