Total suspended particulate matter (TSP) was collected during the summer and winter in five cities in China (Shenyang, Beijing, and Shanghai), Russia (Vladivostok), and Korea (Busan) from 1997 to 2014. Nine polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) with four to six rings, including pyrene (Pyr) and benzo[a]pyrene (BaP), were determined using high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection. Two nitropolycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (NPAHs), 1-nitropyrene (1-NP) and 6-nitrobenzo[a]pyrene (6-NBaP), were also determined using high-performance liquid chromatography with online reduction/chemiluminescence detection. Two Chinese cities, Beijing and Shenyang, showed very high concentrations of total PAHs (ΣPAH) and total NPAHs (ΣNPAH) with a large seasonal difference (winter > summer), although the concentrations decreased over time. In both cities, maximum mean concentrations of ΣPAH over 200 ng m⁻³ were observed in the winter. In Beijing, an increase in the ΣPAH concentration was observed in the winter of 2010, which was after the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games. The [1-NP]/[Pyr] ratio, a diagnostic parameter for source, was smaller in the winter than in the summer over the monitoring period, suggesting a large contribution of coal heating systems in the winter. In Vladivostok, concentrations of ΣPAH and ΣNPAH were lower than in the above two Chinese cities. The [1-NP]/[Pyr] ratio was larger than in the above Chinese cities even in the winter, suggesting that the contribution of coal combustion facilities, such as power plants for heating, was not very large. In Shanghai and Busan, concentrations of ΣPAH and ΣNPAH were much lower than in the above three cities. At the beginning of the monitoring periods, the [1-NP]/[Pyr] ratios, which were as large as those of Japanese commercial cities, suggested a large contribution from automobiles. After that, the contribution of automobiles decreased gradually. However, BaP concentrations were still over 1 ng m⁻³ in all cities monitored in China, Russia, and Korea, suggesting that the urban air pollution of PAHs and NPAHs in these regions should not be ignored.

Total suspended particles (TSP) were collected in Vladivostok, Russia, which is a typical port city. This study investigated the concentration, potential sources, and long-term variation in particle PAHs and NPAHs in the atmosphere of Vladivostok. The PAH and NPAH concentrations were higher in winter than in summer (PAHs: winter: 18.6 ± 9.80 ng/m³ summer: 0.54 ± 0.21 ng/m³; NPAHs: winter: 143 ± 81.5 pg/m³ summer: 143 ± 81.5 pg/m³). The diagnostic ratios showed that PAHs and NPAHs mainly came from vehicle emissions in both seasons, while heating systems were the main source of air pollution in winter. The TEQ assessment values were 2.90 ng/m³ and 0.06 ng/m³ in winter and summer, respectively, suggesting a significant excess cancer risk in the general population in winter. The ILCR values conveyed a potential carcinogenic risk because the value was between 1 × 10⁻⁵ and 1 × 10⁻⁷ and ingestion was a main contributor in Vladivostok. However, it is worth noting that the concentrations of PAHs and NPAHs showed an overall downward trend from 1999 to 2020. An important reason for this is the cogenerations project implemented by the Far Eastern Center for Strategic Research on Fuel and Energy Complex Development in 2010. This research clarified the latest variations in PAHs and NPAHs to provide continuous observation data for future chemical reaction or model prediction research.

ВЛИЯНИЕ ПРИРОДНЫХ ПОЖАРОВ НА СОДЕРЖАНИЕ ПОЛИЦИКЛИЧЕСКИХ АРОМАТИЧЕСКИХ УГЛЕВОДОРОДОВ (ПАУ) В АТМОСФЕРНЫХ АЭРОЗОЛЯХ И МОРСКОЙ ВЗВЕСИ НА АКВАТОРИИ СЕВЕРО-ЗАПАДНОЙ ЧАСТИ ТИХОГО ОКЕАНА - Нерода, А.С., Мишуков, В.Ф.

КОМПЛЕКСНАЯ МОДЕЛЬ РАСЧЁТА ПОЛЕЙ ТЕЧЕНИЙ, ПЕРЕНОСА И ТРАНСФОРМАЦИИ ПРИМЕСИ (РАСТВОРЁННАЯ, ВЗВЕШЕННАЯ, НЕФТЯНЫЕ ПЛЁНКИ) НА АКВАТОРИИ СЕВЕРО-ЗАПАДНОЙ ЧАСТИ ТИХОГО ОКЕАНА - Мишуков, В.Ф., Ярош, В.В.