Subjects with morbid obesity have low levels of serum branched-chain fatty acids (BCFAs), which correlate inversely with insulin resistance, hypertriglyceridemia, and inflammation. Recent evidence suggests BCFAs are produced during branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) catabolism in human adipose tissue. Elevated concentrations of BCAAs are associated with insulin resistance.

Objective To compare the effect of RYGB and OAGB on patients after failed treatment of obesity by laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG). Study Design A case–control study based on a prospectively maintained database of reoperated patients after failed LSG, which included 33 patients who underwent RYGB conversion and 47 patients who underwent OAGB conversion. Result The mean %EBWL after a 5-year follow-up for RYGBc vs OAGBc was 84.04% vs 72.95% (p = 0.2176), respectively. Complete long-term diabetes remission was observed significantly more frequently in the OAGBc than in the RYGBc group (97.3% vs 33%; p = 0.035). There were no other statistically significant differences in the remission rate of comorbidities between RYGBc and OAGBc: hypertension 30% vs 27.3% (p = 0.261), dyslipidemia 83.3% vs 59.1% (p = 0.277), OSAS 100% vs 60% (p = 0.639), and GERD 40% vs 71.4% (p > 0.99), respectively. 7 patients were newly diagnosed with GERD after OAGBc and none after RYGBc. There were no statistically significant differences in the number of complications between the OAGBc and RYGB groups. The Comprehensive Complication Index was 17.85 (± IQR 29.6) in the OAGBc group and 14.92 (± IQR 21.75) in the RYGBc group (p = 0.375). Conclusion The authors recognized complete long-term type 2 diabetes remission after conversion surgery as the most relevant difference, where the OAGB variety was found superior for its better efficacy. Any other statistically significant differences in the consequences after both conversion procedures used after the failure of LSG have not been stated. Both methods therefore can be considered to complete the initial treatment, considering the preferences and individual burdens of the patients.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second leading cause of cancer-related death. The prevalence of colorectal neoplasm is increasing. Many studies have shown that thyroid dysfunction may be connected with the higher risk of pancreatic and breast cancer, but only a few described the role of thyroid dysfunction and thyroid hormone (TH) replacement in the development and risk of CRC. The aim of this study is to summarise all findings and potentially elucidate the connection between TH imbalance and colorectal cancer. The systematic review was conducted according to PICO and PRISMA guidelines. We searched MEDLINE, ClinicalTrials.gov, www.clinicaltrialsregister.eu, and Cochrane Library databases using the following keywords: “((((thyroid OR hypothyroidism OR hyperthyroidism OR levothyroxine OR hashimoto OR graves OR thyroidectomy)) AND (colon OR colorectal OR CRC)) NOT hashimoto[Author]) NOT graves[Author])”. No filters were used. Of total of 3054 articles identified by the search strategy, 11 met PICO criteria and were included into the review. Four of those were on cell lines and seven were human studies. Analysis of the included studies revealed an elevated risk of CRC in patients with hypothyroidism with aORs ranging from 1.16 (95% CI: 1.08–1.24, p < 0.001) to 1.69 (95% CI: 1.21–2.36, p = 0.002). Moreover, TH replacement therapy has a protective effect for CRC risk with aOR ranging from 0.60 (95% CI: 0.44–0.81, p = 0.001) to 0.92 (95% CI: 0.86–0.98, p = 0.009). THs seem to play a role in colorectal carcinogenesis. Further studies are warranted to define the exact role of thyroid hormone imbalance in prevention and treatment of CRC. Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second leading cause of cancer-related death. The prevalence of colorectal neoplasm is increasing. Many studies have shown that thyroid dysfunction may be connected with the higher risk of pancreatic and breast cancer, but only a few described the role of thyroid dysfunction and thyroid hormone (TH) replacement in the development and risk of CRC. The aim of this study is to summarise all findings and potentially elucidate the connection between TH imbalance and colorectal cancer. The systematic review was conducted according to PICO and PRISMA guidelines. We searched MEDLINE, ClinicalTrials.gov, www.clinicaltrialsregister.eu, and Cochrane Library databases using the following keywords: “((((thyroid OR hypothyroidism OR hyperthyroidism OR levothyroxine OR hashimoto OR graves OR thyroidectomy)) AND (colon OR colorectal OR CRC)) NOT hashimoto[Author]) NOT graves[Author])”. No filters were used. Of total of 3054 articles identified by the search strategy, 11 met PICO criteria and were included into the review. Four of those were on cell lines and seven were human studies. Analysis of the included studies revealed an elevated risk of CRC in patients with hypothyroidism with aORs ranging from 1.16 (95% CI: 1.08–1.24, p < 0.001) to 1.69 (95% CI: 1.21–2.36, p = 0.002). Moreover, TH replacement therapy has a protective effect for CRC risk with aOR ranging from 0.60 (95% CI: 0.44–0.81, p = 0.001) to 0.92 (95% CI: 0.86–0.98, p = 0.009). THs seem to play a role in colorectal carcinogenesis. Further studies are warranted to define the exact role of thyroid hormone imbalance in prevention and treatment of CRC.

One-anastomosis gastric bypass is a promising type of bariatric surgery, but it may lead to a deficiency in important nutrients, such as fatty acids. The short-term effects of one-anastomosis gastric bypass on serum fatty acids have not been studied thus far. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the effect of one-anastomosis gastric bypass on serum fatty acid composition two weeks after surgery. This study included 38 patients who underwent one-anastomosis gastric bypass as surgical treatment for morbid obesity. Serum fatty acid composition was analyzed before and two weeks after surgery using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. We observed a decrease in essential polyunsaturated fatty acids (p < 0.001 for linolenic acid and p < 0.001 for linoleic acid) and odd-chain fatty acids (p = 0.004) in the serum of obese patients shortly after a one-anastomosis gastric bypass. Considering the benefits of the aforementioned fatty acids for human health, the implementation of a fatty-acid-rich diet or the use of supplementation may be recommended for patients immediately after one-anastomosis gastric bypass.

Background: Tranexamic acid (TXA), an antifibrinolytic agent, has demonstrated efficacy in reducing bleeding across various surgical procedures. However, its role in bariatric surgery remains underexplored. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of TXA in mitigating hidden blood loss following laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (SG). Methods: A single-center, single-blind, randomized, controlled trial was conducted at the University Clinical Center, Medical University of Gdańsk, Poland, between July 2022 and June 2023. A total of 238 patients undergoing SG were randomized to receive either TXA or no pharmacological intervention. The primary outcome was hemoglobin concentration in abdominal drainage post-surgery. Secondary outcomes included total blood loss, drainage volume, the need for blood transfusion, and postoperative complications. Statistical analyses were conducted using intention-to-treat and per-protocol strategies. Results: A statistically significant reduction in hemoglobin concentration in abdominal drainage samples was observed in the TXA group (p = 0.011). No significant differences were found in total blood loss, drainage volume, necessity for blood transfusions, or extended hospital stay between groups. Conclusions: While TXA administration may reduce the hidden blood loss effect, its general clinical significance appears questionable. Nonetheless, intraoperative TXA may be beneficial for a selected patient group with multiple preoperative disorders and risk factors. Further research is necessary to comprehensively assess the risks and benefits of TXA administration in bariatric surgery.