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The CoeLux® lighting system reproduces the true effect of natural sunlight entering through an opening in the ceiling, with a realistic sun perceived at an infinite distance surrounded by a clear blue sky. It has already been demonstrated that this new lighting system generates long-term positive effects on human beings; however, there are no investigations so far concerning the plant responses to CoeLux® lighting. To fill this gap, the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana L. was grown at four different distances from the light source, corresponding to four different light intensities (120, 70, 30, 20 μmol m−2 s−1). High-pressure sodium lamps were used as control light. Plant phenology and morpho-physiological traits were monitored to assess for the first time the ability of plants to grow and develop under the light spectrum and intensity of the CoeLux® system. Plants grown at the lower light intensities showed a delayed life cycle and were significantly smaller than plants grown with more light. Furthermore, plants grown under the CoeLux® light type showed an additional deficit when compared to control plants. Overall, our results show that both the light spectrum and intensity of the CoeLux® system had a strong impact on A. thaliana growth performance.
Peter Beatrice; Mattia Terzaghi; Donato Chiatante; Gabriella Scippa; Antonio Montagnoli. Morpho-Physiological Responses of Arabidopsis thaliana L. to the LED-Sourced CoeLux® System. Plants 2021, 10, 1310 .
AMA StylePeter Beatrice, Mattia Terzaghi, Donato Chiatante, Gabriella Scippa, Antonio Montagnoli. Morpho-Physiological Responses of Arabidopsis thaliana L. to the LED-Sourced CoeLux® System. Plants. 2021; 10 (7):1310.
Chicago/Turabian StylePeter Beatrice; Mattia Terzaghi; Donato Chiatante; Gabriella Scippa; Antonio Montagnoli. 2021. "Morpho-Physiological Responses of Arabidopsis thaliana L. to the LED-Sourced CoeLux® System." Plants 10, no. 7: 1310.
The environmental restoration of the semi-arid steppe of Mongolia is currently being addressed by creating new plantations able to protect the soil from the advancement of desertification and to improve the economy of the population living there. The success of these interventions relies on a high survival rate and good long-term growth performance of the transplanted trees. In the present work we analyzed stem height and root collar diameter (RCD) over 10 years for two native tree species (Populus sibirica and Ulmus pumila) grown with different water regimes and fertilizers. The investigated duration is sufficiently long to provide a reliable indication of the adaptation of these tree species to the steppe’s harsh environmental conditions. Results suggest that both species could be used for environmental restoration projects, although P. sibirica requires the support of additional irrigation to achieve the best growth performance. U. pumila, on the other hand, shows good growth performance even with rainfall as the only water source. However, the higher water use by P. sibirica trees seems to be compensated by a more rapid ground cover compared to U. pumila. The addition of fertilizers to the soil before transplantation does not improve the growth performance of either species.
Ser-Oddamba Byambadorj; Donato Chiatante; Khaulenbek Akhmadi; Janchivdorj Lunten; Batkhishig Ochirbat; Byung Bae Park; Gabriella S. Scippa; Antonio Montagnoli; Batkhuu Nyam-Osor. The effect of different watering regimes and fertilizer addition on the growth of tree species used to afforest the semi-arid steppe of Mongolia. Plant Biosystems - An International Journal Dealing with all Aspects of Plant Biology 2020, 155, 747 -758.
AMA StyleSer-Oddamba Byambadorj, Donato Chiatante, Khaulenbek Akhmadi, Janchivdorj Lunten, Batkhishig Ochirbat, Byung Bae Park, Gabriella S. Scippa, Antonio Montagnoli, Batkhuu Nyam-Osor. The effect of different watering regimes and fertilizer addition on the growth of tree species used to afforest the semi-arid steppe of Mongolia. Plant Biosystems - An International Journal Dealing with all Aspects of Plant Biology. 2020; 155 (4):747-758.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSer-Oddamba Byambadorj; Donato Chiatante; Khaulenbek Akhmadi; Janchivdorj Lunten; Batkhishig Ochirbat; Byung Bae Park; Gabriella S. Scippa; Antonio Montagnoli; Batkhuu Nyam-Osor. 2020. "The effect of different watering regimes and fertilizer addition on the growth of tree species used to afforest the semi-arid steppe of Mongolia." Plant Biosystems - An International Journal Dealing with all Aspects of Plant Biology 155, no. 4: 747-758.
Light quality and nutrient availability are the primary factors that influence plant growth and development. In a research context of improving indoor plant cultivation while lowering environmental impact practices, we investigated the effect of different light spectra, three provided by light-emitting diodes (LEDs), and one by a fluorescent lamp, on the morpho-physiology of Pisum sativum L. seedlings grown in the presence/absence of biochar. We found that all morpho-physiological traits are sensitive to changes in the red-to-far-red light (R:FR) ratio related to the light spectra used. In particular, seedlings that were grown with a LED type characterized by the lowest R:FR ratio (~2.7; AP67), showed good plant development, both above- and belowground, especially when biochar was present. Biochar alone did not affect the physiological traits, which were influenced by the interplay with lighting type. AP67 LED type had a negative impact only on leaf fluorescence emission in light conditions, which was further exacerbated by the addition of biochar to the growing media. However, we found that the combination of biochar with a specific optimal light spectrum may have a synergetic effect enhancing pea seedling physiological performances and fruit yield and fostering desired traits. This is a promising strategy for indoor plant production while respecting the environment.
Antonella Polzella; Mattia Terzaghi; Dalila Trupiano; Silvia Baronti; Gabriella Stefania Scippa; Donato Chiatante; Antonio Montagnoli. Morpho-Physiological Responses of Pisum sativum L. to Different Light-Emitting Diode (LED) Light Spectra in Combination with Biochar Amendment. Agronomy 2020, 10, 398 .
AMA StyleAntonella Polzella, Mattia Terzaghi, Dalila Trupiano, Silvia Baronti, Gabriella Stefania Scippa, Donato Chiatante, Antonio Montagnoli. Morpho-Physiological Responses of Pisum sativum L. to Different Light-Emitting Diode (LED) Light Spectra in Combination with Biochar Amendment. Agronomy. 2020; 10 (3):398.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAntonella Polzella; Mattia Terzaghi; Dalila Trupiano; Silvia Baronti; Gabriella Stefania Scippa; Donato Chiatante; Antonio Montagnoli. 2020. "Morpho-Physiological Responses of Pisum sativum L. to Different Light-Emitting Diode (LED) Light Spectra in Combination with Biochar Amendment." Agronomy 10, no. 3: 398.
The coarse roots of Pinus ponderosa included in the cage are the ones most involved in tree stability. This study explored the variations in traits, such as volume, cross-sectional area, and radius length of cage roots, and used those data to develop a mathematical model to better understand the type of forces occurring for each shallow lateral root segment belonging to different quadrants of the three-dimensional (3D) root system architecture. The pattern and intensity of these forces were modelled along the root segment from the branching point to the cage edge. Data of root cage volume in the upper 30 cm of soil showed a higher value in the downslope and windward quadrant while, at a deeper soil depth (>30 cm), we found higher values in both upslope and leeward quadrants. The analysis of radius length and the cross-sectional area of the shallow lateral roots revealed the presence of a considerable degree of eccentricity of the annual rings at the branching point and at the cage edge. This eccentricity is due to the formation of compression wood, and the eccentricity changes from the top portion at the branching point to the bottom portion at the cage edge, which we hypothesize may be a response to the variation in mechanical forces occurring in the various zones of the cage. This hypothesis is supported by a mathematical model that shows how the pattern and intensity of different types of mechanical forces are present within the various quadrants of the same root system from the taproot to the cage edge.
Antonio Montagnoli; Bruno Lasserre; Gabriella Sferra; Donato Chiatante; Gabriella Stefania Scippa; Mattia Terzaghi; R. Kasten Dumroese. Formation of Annual Ring Eccentricity in Coarse Roots within the Root Cage of Pinus ponderosa Growing on Slopes. Plants 2020, 9, 181 .
AMA StyleAntonio Montagnoli, Bruno Lasserre, Gabriella Sferra, Donato Chiatante, Gabriella Stefania Scippa, Mattia Terzaghi, R. Kasten Dumroese. Formation of Annual Ring Eccentricity in Coarse Roots within the Root Cage of Pinus ponderosa Growing on Slopes. Plants. 2020; 9 (2):181.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAntonio Montagnoli; Bruno Lasserre; Gabriella Sferra; Donato Chiatante; Gabriella Stefania Scippa; Mattia Terzaghi; R. Kasten Dumroese. 2020. "Formation of Annual Ring Eccentricity in Coarse Roots within the Root Cage of Pinus ponderosa Growing on Slopes." Plants 9, no. 2: 181.
Our knowledge of the root system architecture of trees is still incomplete, especially concerning how biomass partitioning is regulated to achieve an optimal, but often unequal, distribution of resources. In addition, our comprehension of root system architecture development as a result of the adaptation process is limited because most studies lack a temporal approach. To add to our understanding, we excavated 32-year-old Pinus ponderosa trees from a steep, forested site in northern Idaho USA. The root systems were discretized by a low magnetic field digitizer and along with AMAPmod software we examined their root traits (i.e. order category, topology, growth direction length, and volume) in four quadrants: downslope, upslope, windward, and leeward. On one tree, we analyzed tree rings to compare the ages of lateral roots relative to their parental root, and to assess the occurrence of compression wood. We found that, from their onset, first-order lateral roots have similar patterns of ring eccentricity suggesting an innate ability to respond to different mechanical forces; more root system was allocated downslope and to the windward quadrant. In addition, we noted that shallow roots, which all presented compression wood, appear to be the most important component of anchorage. Finally, we observed that lateral roots can change growth direction in response to mechanical forces, as well as produce new lateral roots at any development stage and wherever along their axis. These findings suggest that trees adjust their root spatial deployment in response to environmental conditions, these roots form compression wood to dissipate mechanical forces, and new lateral roots can arise anywhere and at any time on the existing system in apparent response to mechanical forces.
Antonio Montagnoli; Mattia Terzaghi; Donato Chiatante; Gabriella S. Scippa; Bruno Lasserre; R. Kasten Dumroese. Ongoing modifications to root system architecture of Pinus ponderosa growing on a sloped site revealed by tree-ring analysis. Dendrochronologia 2019, 58, 125650 .
AMA StyleAntonio Montagnoli, Mattia Terzaghi, Donato Chiatante, Gabriella S. Scippa, Bruno Lasserre, R. Kasten Dumroese. Ongoing modifications to root system architecture of Pinus ponderosa growing on a sloped site revealed by tree-ring analysis. Dendrochronologia. 2019; 58 ():125650.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAntonio Montagnoli; Mattia Terzaghi; Donato Chiatante; Gabriella S. Scippa; Bruno Lasserre; R. Kasten Dumroese. 2019. "Ongoing modifications to root system architecture of Pinus ponderosa growing on a sloped site revealed by tree-ring analysis." Dendrochronologia 58, no. : 125650.
Antonio Montagnoli; R. Kasten Dumroese; Mattia Terzaghi; Elisabetta Onelli; Gabriella Stefania Scippa; Donato Chiatante. Seasonality of fine root dynamics and activity of root and shoot vascular cambium in a Quercus ilex L. forest (Italy). Forest Ecology and Management 2019, 431, 26 -34.
AMA StyleAntonio Montagnoli, R. Kasten Dumroese, Mattia Terzaghi, Elisabetta Onelli, Gabriella Stefania Scippa, Donato Chiatante. Seasonality of fine root dynamics and activity of root and shoot vascular cambium in a Quercus ilex L. forest (Italy). Forest Ecology and Management. 2019; 431 ():26-34.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAntonio Montagnoli; R. Kasten Dumroese; Mattia Terzaghi; Elisabetta Onelli; Gabriella Stefania Scippa; Donato Chiatante. 2019. "Seasonality of fine root dynamics and activity of root and shoot vascular cambium in a Quercus ilex L. forest (Italy)." Forest Ecology and Management 431, no. : 26-34.
Plant growth and development are affected by several environmental factors, among which soil nutrient availability. Biochar addition to soil is recognized to exert beneficial effects on soil fertility and thus plant growth; furthermore, it is a promising option for climate change mitigation. However, multi-species studies and meta-analyses have indicated considerable variations in biochar responses among plant species. To date, information on the biochar effect on plants, especially at molecular level, is still scarce. Using a multi-target approach with a model plant such as tomato, we demonstrate that biochar has a negligible effect on soil nutrient content and plant growth, even if it misbalances the plant photosynthetic machinery, as well as mechanisms recognizing pathogen-derived molecules. Ethylene could be one of the signal-molecule driving the alteration of tomato-pathogen recognition signaling by inactivation of vesicle trafficking. All these modifications could be at the basis of the increased susceptibility of biochar-treated plants to pathogen attack. Further organ-specific and tissue-specific multi-level studies, from high-resolution internal processes towards high-throughput external phenotyping, coupled with powerful biostatistic and informatic analysis, will help to decipher, in a network-type fashion, all the factors and signaling mechanisms related to the complex interaction between different plant, soil and biochar types.
Antonella Polzella; Elena De Zio; Simona Arena; Gabriella Stefania Scippa; Andrea Scaloni; Antonio Montagnoli; Donato Chiatante; Dalila Trupiano. Toward an understanding of mechanisms regulating plant response to biochar application. Plant Biosystems - An International Journal Dealing with all Aspects of Plant Biology 2018, 153, 163 -172.
AMA StyleAntonella Polzella, Elena De Zio, Simona Arena, Gabriella Stefania Scippa, Andrea Scaloni, Antonio Montagnoli, Donato Chiatante, Dalila Trupiano. Toward an understanding of mechanisms regulating plant response to biochar application. Plant Biosystems - An International Journal Dealing with all Aspects of Plant Biology. 2018; 153 (1):163-172.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAntonella Polzella; Elena De Zio; Simona Arena; Gabriella Stefania Scippa; Andrea Scaloni; Antonio Montagnoli; Donato Chiatante; Dalila Trupiano. 2018. "Toward an understanding of mechanisms regulating plant response to biochar application." Plant Biosystems - An International Journal Dealing with all Aspects of Plant Biology 153, no. 1: 163-172.
Mechanical forces induced by bending are able to trigger an asymmetrical response in Populus nigra L. woody taproots. This response includes the recruitment of new lateral roots on the convex side and the deposition of reaction wood (RW) on the opposite concave side. Since these responses seem to be induced by asymmetric activity and differentiation of cambium cells, in the present work, we investigated how mechanical forces could influence the activation of specific phytohormone signaling pathways on the two sides of the vascular cambium. Thus, distinctive tissues were isolated from convex and concave sides of bent poplar root using cryosectioning. Successively, the isolated tissues, represented by the cambial zone, and the developing phloem and xylem, were analyzed using liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry to profile auxins, abscisic acid (ABA), cytokinins (CKs) and their metabolites. The auxin gradient on the concave side, with the IAA maximum localized in the cambium and decreasing level toward the developing phloem and xylem, suggests a pivotal role of IAA in the control of cambial growth rate, xylem differentiation and RW production. The IAA differences between the two bent root sides could be at the basis of the strictly unidirectional RW production. The higher levels of ABA and all CKs metabolites on the concave side support their involvement in RW production, whereby ABA could mediate the adaptation to the deforming conditions generated by bending, while CKs could act in synergy with IAA in controlling cell differentiation and meristem size. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Elena De Zio; Dalila Trupiano; Michal Karady; Ioanna Antoniadi; Antonio Montagnoli; Mattia Terzaghi; Donato Chiatante; Karin Ljung; Gabriella S. Scippa. Tissue-specific hormone profiles from woody poplar roots under bending stress. Physiologia Plantarum 2018, 165, 101 -113.
AMA StyleElena De Zio, Dalila Trupiano, Michal Karady, Ioanna Antoniadi, Antonio Montagnoli, Mattia Terzaghi, Donato Chiatante, Karin Ljung, Gabriella S. Scippa. Tissue-specific hormone profiles from woody poplar roots under bending stress. Physiologia Plantarum. 2018; 165 (1):101-113.
Chicago/Turabian StyleElena De Zio; Dalila Trupiano; Michal Karady; Ioanna Antoniadi; Antonio Montagnoli; Mattia Terzaghi; Donato Chiatante; Karin Ljung; Gabriella S. Scippa. 2018. "Tissue-specific hormone profiles from woody poplar roots under bending stress." Physiologia Plantarum 165, no. 1: 101-113.
Compared to the traditional approach, applying micrometric image analysis to fine root samples of Fagus sylvatica with subsequent data treatment through principal component and cluster analysis yielded specific diameter sizes for fine root sub-classes having better resolution of the corresponding branching orders, and a more coherent relationship with the values of annual production and turnover rate. Fine root traits are poorly understood, impeding an accurate representation of terrestrial biogeochemical models. Traditionally used, arbitrary diameter thresholds lead to a misestimation of fine root traits such as branching order, environmental relationship, annual production, and turnover rate. Here, we present, as modification of the traditional method, an integrated approach to segregate, at high-resolution, fine root populations of Fagus sylvatica into new diameter sub-classes that better correspond with the traits mentioned above. Samples, collected with a sequential soil coring method, were subjected to a micrometric image analysis, and resultant data were treated with principal component and cluster analysis. Results showed that fine roots were distributed into diameter-size sub-classes (0–0.3 mm, 0.3–1 mm, and 1–2 mm) different from those determined by traditional methods (0–0.5 mm, 0.5–1 mm, and 1–2 mm). New sub-classes provided a better resolution of the corresponding branching-orders, and the values of annual production and turnover rate were more coherent with diameter class and soil depth. Moreover, new sub-classes provided a more precise match with soil temperature than traditional methods. Our method may help to unveil fine root dynamics and development, reduce data analysis time, and make the diameter-based classification more precise and trustworthy even in the case of non-intact samples.
Antonio Montagnoli; Mattia Terzaghi; Barbara Giussani; Gabriella S. Scippa; Donato Chiatante. An integrated method for high-resolution definition of new diameter-based fine root sub-classes of Fagus sylvatica L. Annals of Forest Science 2018, 75, 76 .
AMA StyleAntonio Montagnoli, Mattia Terzaghi, Barbara Giussani, Gabriella S. Scippa, Donato Chiatante. An integrated method for high-resolution definition of new diameter-based fine root sub-classes of Fagus sylvatica L. Annals of Forest Science. 2018; 75 (3):76.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAntonio Montagnoli; Mattia Terzaghi; Barbara Giussani; Gabriella S. Scippa; Donato Chiatante. 2018. "An integrated method for high-resolution definition of new diameter-based fine root sub-classes of Fagus sylvatica L." Annals of Forest Science 75, no. 3: 76.
Antonio Montagnoli; R. Kasten Dumroese; Mattia Terzaghi; Jeremiah R. Pinto; Nicoletta Fulgaro; Gabriella Stefania Scippa; Donato Chiatante. Tree seedling response to LED spectra: implications for forest restoration. Plant Biosystems - An International Journal Dealing with all Aspects of Plant Biology 2018, 152, 515 -523.
AMA StyleAntonio Montagnoli, R. Kasten Dumroese, Mattia Terzaghi, Jeremiah R. Pinto, Nicoletta Fulgaro, Gabriella Stefania Scippa, Donato Chiatante. Tree seedling response to LED spectra: implications for forest restoration. Plant Biosystems - An International Journal Dealing with all Aspects of Plant Biology. 2018; 152 (3):515-523.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAntonio Montagnoli; R. Kasten Dumroese; Mattia Terzaghi; Jeremiah R. Pinto; Nicoletta Fulgaro; Gabriella Stefania Scippa; Donato Chiatante. 2018. "Tree seedling response to LED spectra: implications for forest restoration." Plant Biosystems - An International Journal Dealing with all Aspects of Plant Biology 152, no. 3: 515-523.
Antonio Montagnoli; Mattia Terzaghi; Giacomo Magatti; Stefania Gabriella Scippa; Donato Chiatante. Conversion from coppice to high stand increase soil erosion in steep forestland of European beech. Reforesta 2016, 60 -75.
AMA StyleAntonio Montagnoli, Mattia Terzaghi, Giacomo Magatti, Stefania Gabriella Scippa, Donato Chiatante. Conversion from coppice to high stand increase soil erosion in steep forestland of European beech. Reforesta. 2016; (2):60-75.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAntonio Montagnoli; Mattia Terzaghi; Giacomo Magatti; Stefania Gabriella Scippa; Donato Chiatante. 2016. "Conversion from coppice to high stand increase soil erosion in steep forestland of European beech." Reforesta , no. 2: 60-75.
Forest canopy reduction is well known to affect the coarse and fine root biomass production. Seasonality,\ud to the same extent, is acknowledged to vary the non-structural carbon content. However, the fine root\ud response in terms of carbon concentration to both canopy cover and seasonal change remains unclear.\ud To this aim, morphological and anatomical traits like xylem percentage, carbon concentration and\ud starch content were measured in mid-summer and early-fall on fine roots of three beech stands differing\ud in canopy cover and basal area.\ud The results highlighted a significant effect of canopy cover on the xylem area percentage throughout\ud the <2 mm diameter fine root population, as the lower the canopy cover is, the larger the xylem area\ud is. Moreover, an inverse relationship occurred between carbon concentration and xylem area percentage,\ud highlighting the key role played by this anatomical trait. In order of magnitude, the significant carbon\ud concentration decrease observed 5 years after felling was 15 kg ha1 for a mean fine root biomass of\ud 200 g m2. For a given xylem percentage, starch concentration seasonal change partially explained the\ud carbon concentration decrease with the incipient dormancy. Root tissue density significantly decreased\ud with soil depth in mature and 15-yr-old conversion stands, whereas it did not in recently cut (5-yrold)\ud conversion stand.\ud Outcomes are that canopy closure in the mature stand, which increases the fine root standing crop, produced\ud a higher total carbon input into the soil. Moreover, fifteen years since felling appeared sufficient for\ud detecting a clear trend in the recovery of fine root biomass to pre-thinning levels
Mattia Terzaghi; Antonino Di Iorio; Antonio Montagnoli; Barbara Baesso; Gabriella S. Scippa; Donato Chiatante. Forest canopy reduction stimulates xylem production and lowers carbon concentration in fine roots of European beech. Forest Ecology and Management 2016, 379, 81 -90.
AMA StyleMattia Terzaghi, Antonino Di Iorio, Antonio Montagnoli, Barbara Baesso, Gabriella S. Scippa, Donato Chiatante. Forest canopy reduction stimulates xylem production and lowers carbon concentration in fine roots of European beech. Forest Ecology and Management. 2016; 379 ():81-90.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMattia Terzaghi; Antonino Di Iorio; Antonio Montagnoli; Barbara Baesso; Gabriella S. Scippa; Donato Chiatante. 2016. "Forest canopy reduction stimulates xylem production and lowers carbon concentration in fine roots of European beech." Forest Ecology and Management 379, no. : 81-90.
Increased summer drought and wildfires as a consequence of continuing climate change are expected to lead to disturbance of Mediterranean ecosystems. Seedlings recruitment is sensitive to both stresses and, therefore, any adaptation and restoration strategy devised to protect these forests should take into account a careful study on their effects on seedling development. As a substantial fraction of net primary productivity of forested ecosystems is channelled in the belowground compartments, the knowledge of how roots behave under stressful conditions becomes of primary importance to select the right management strategy to be implemented. This work tries to enlighten the events occurring in the fine root portion of the root system in young seedlings of three co-existing oak species (Quercus ilex, Quercus trojana and Quercus virgiliana) under controlled conditions. We have made a comparative analysis of the effect of these two stresses, alone or in combination, with the aim to evaluate the tolerance level of these seedlings and, therefore, to obtain an indication of their recruitment potential in the field. The parameters investigated were biomass and a number of morphological traits. Data obtained suggest that a decrease in diameter could be part of a tolerance strategy in all three oaks tested together with a reduction of root length. In addition, tolerance to water shortage could require a reduction of carbon allocated belowground, in particular in the very fine roots, which leads to an overall reduction of the root system dimension. Q. trojana seedlings seem to be the fastest in resuming growth after stress interruption but a good recovery was also found for the remaining two oak species. Although our study provides interesting information regarding a possible tolerance strategy taking place in the fine root compartment when seedlings of these three oak species undergo water stress and fire treatment, more information is needed before any suggestion can be made as to which species would be best suited to make these forests more resistant to global changes.
Antonio Montagnoli; Mattia Terzaghi; Barbara Baesso; Rosaria Santamaria; Gabriella Stefania Scippa; Donato Chiatante. Drought and fire stress influence seedling competition in oak forests: fine-root dynamics as indicator of adaptation strategies to climate change. Reforesta 2016, 1, 86 -105.
AMA StyleAntonio Montagnoli, Mattia Terzaghi, Barbara Baesso, Rosaria Santamaria, Gabriella Stefania Scippa, Donato Chiatante. Drought and fire stress influence seedling competition in oak forests: fine-root dynamics as indicator of adaptation strategies to climate change. Reforesta. 2016; 1 (1):86-105.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAntonio Montagnoli; Mattia Terzaghi; Barbara Baesso; Rosaria Santamaria; Gabriella Stefania Scippa; Donato Chiatante. 2016. "Drought and fire stress influence seedling competition in oak forests: fine-root dynamics as indicator of adaptation strategies to climate change." Reforesta 1, no. 1: 86-105.
Root activities in terms of respiration and non-structural carbohydrates (NSC) storage and mobilization have been suggested as major physiological roles in fine root lifespan. As more frequent heat waves and drought periods within the next decades are expected, to what extent does thermal acclimation in fine roots represent a mechanism to cope with such upcoming climatic conditions? In this study, the possible changes in very fine (diameter < 0.5 mm) and fine (0.5–1 mm) root morphology and physiology in terms of respiration rate and NSC [soluble sugars (SS) and starch] concentrations, were investigated on 2-year-old Fagus sylvatica saplings subjected to a simulated long-lasting heat wave event and to co-occurring soil drying. For both very fine and fine roots, soil temperature (ST) resulted inversely correlated with specific root length, respiration rates and SSs concentration, but directly correlated with root mass, root tissue density and starch concentration. In particular, starch concentration increased under 28°C for successively decreasing under 21°C ST. These findings showed that thermal acclimation in very fine and fine roots due to 24 days exposure to high ST (∼28°C), induced starch accumulation. Such ‘carbon-savings strategy’ should bear the maintenance costs associated to the recovery process in case of restored favorable environmental conditions, such as those occurring at the end of a heat wave event. Drought condition seems to affect the fine root vitality much more under moderate than high temperature condition, making the temporary exposure to high ST less threatening to root vitality than expected.
Antonino Di Iorio; Valentino Giacomuzzi; Donato Chiatante. Acclimation of fine root respiration to soil warming involves starch deposition in very fine and fine roots: a case study inFagus sylvaticasaplings. Physiologia Plantarum 2015, 156, 294 -310.
AMA StyleAntonino Di Iorio, Valentino Giacomuzzi, Donato Chiatante. Acclimation of fine root respiration to soil warming involves starch deposition in very fine and fine roots: a case study inFagus sylvaticasaplings. Physiologia Plantarum. 2015; 156 (3):294-310.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAntonino Di Iorio; Valentino Giacomuzzi; Donato Chiatante. 2015. "Acclimation of fine root respiration to soil warming involves starch deposition in very fine and fine roots: a case study inFagus sylvaticasaplings." Physiologia Plantarum 156, no. 3: 294-310.
Pollution by toxic metals, accumulating into soils as result of human activities, is a worldwide major concern in industrial countries. Plants exhibit different degrees of tolerance to heavy metals, as a consequence of their ability to exclude or accumulate them in particular tissues, organs or sub-cellular compartments. Molecular information about cellular processes affected by heavy metals is still largely incomplete. As a fast-growing, highly tolerant perennial plant species, poplar has become a model for environmental stress response investigations. To study the short-term effects of cadmium accumulation in leaves, we analyzed photosystem II (PSII) quantum yield, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) generation, hormone levels variation, as well as proteome profile alteration of 50μM CdSO4 vacuum-infiltrated poplar (Populus nigra L.) detached leaves. Cadmium management brought about an early and sustained production of hydrogen peroxide, an increase of abscisic acid, ethylene and gibberellins content, as well as a decrease in cytokinins and auxin levels, whereas photosynthetic electron transport was unaffected. Proteomic analysis revealed that twenty-one proteins were differentially induced in cadmium-treated leaves. Identification of fifteen polypeptides allowed to ascertain that most of them were involved in stress response while the remaining ones were involved in photosynthetic carbon metabolism and energy production.
Tonia Lomaglio; Mariapina Rocco; Dalila Trupiano; Elena De Zio; Alessandro Grosso; Mauro Marra; Sebastiano Delfine; Donato Chiatante; Domenico Morabito; Gabriella Stefania Scippa. Effect of short-term cadmium stress on Populus nigra L. detached leaves. Journal of Plant Physiology 2015, 182, 40 -48.
AMA StyleTonia Lomaglio, Mariapina Rocco, Dalila Trupiano, Elena De Zio, Alessandro Grosso, Mauro Marra, Sebastiano Delfine, Donato Chiatante, Domenico Morabito, Gabriella Stefania Scippa. Effect of short-term cadmium stress on Populus nigra L. detached leaves. Journal of Plant Physiology. 2015; 182 ():40-48.
Chicago/Turabian StyleTonia Lomaglio; Mariapina Rocco; Dalila Trupiano; Elena De Zio; Alessandro Grosso; Mauro Marra; Sebastiano Delfine; Donato Chiatante; Domenico Morabito; Gabriella Stefania Scippa. 2015. "Effect of short-term cadmium stress on Populus nigra L. detached leaves." Journal of Plant Physiology 182, no. : 40-48.
To face summer drought and wildfire in Mediterranean-type ecosystems, plants adopt different strategies that involve considerable rearrangements of biomass allocation and physiological activity. This paper analyses morphological and physiological traits in seedlings of three oak species (Quercus ilex, Quercus trojana and Quercus virgiliana) co-occurring under natural conditions. The aim of this study was to evaluate species-specific characteristics and the response of these oak seedlings to drought stress and fire treatment. Seedlings were kept in a growth chamber that mimicked natural environmental conditions. All three species showed a good degree of tolerance to drought and fire treatments. Differences in specific biomass allocation patterns and physiological traits resulted in phenotypic differences between species. In Q. ilex, drought tolerance depended upon adjustment of the allocation pattern. Q. trojana seedlings undergoing mild to severe drought presented a higher photosystem II (PSII) efficiency than control seedlings. Moreover, Q. trojana showed a very large root system, which corresponded to higher soil area exploitation, and bigger leaf midrib vascular bundles than the other two species. Morphological and physiological performances indicated Q. trojana as the most tolerant to drought and fire. These characteristics contribute to a high recruitment potential of Q. trojana seedlings, which might be the reason for the dominance of this species under natural conditions. Drought increase as a result of climate change is expected to favour Q. trojana, leading to an increase in its spatial distribution.
Donato Chiatante; R. Tognetti; G. S. Scippa; T. Congiu; B. Baesso; Mattia Terzaghi; A. Montagnoli. Interspecific variation in functional traits of oak seedlings (Quercus ilex, Quercus trojana, Quercus virgiliana) grown under artificial drought and fire conditions. Journal of Plant Research 2015, 128, 595 -611.
AMA StyleDonato Chiatante, R. Tognetti, G. S. Scippa, T. Congiu, B. Baesso, Mattia Terzaghi, A. Montagnoli. Interspecific variation in functional traits of oak seedlings (Quercus ilex, Quercus trojana, Quercus virgiliana) grown under artificial drought and fire conditions. Journal of Plant Research. 2015; 128 (4):595-611.
Chicago/Turabian StyleDonato Chiatante; R. Tognetti; G. S. Scippa; T. Congiu; B. Baesso; Mattia Terzaghi; A. Montagnoli. 2015. "Interspecific variation in functional traits of oak seedlings (Quercus ilex, Quercus trojana, Quercus virgiliana) grown under artificial drought and fire conditions." Journal of Plant Research 128, no. 4: 595-611.
The paper reports for the first time, in poplar woody root, the expression of five mechanically-responsive miRNAs. The observed highly complex expression pattern of these miRNAs in the bent root suggest that their expression is not only regulated by tension and compression forces highlighting their role in several important processes, i.e., lateral root formation, lignin deposition, and response to bending stress. Mechanical stress is one of the major abiotic stresses significantly affecting plant stability, growth, survival, and reproduction. Plants have developed complex machineries to detect mechanical perturbations and to improve their anchorage. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), small non-coding RNAs (18–24 nucleotides long), have been shown to regulate various stress-responsive genes, proteins and transcription factors, and play a crucial role in counteracting adverse conditions. Several mechanical stress-responsive miRNAs have been identified in the stem of Populus trichocarpa plants subjected to bending stress. However, despite the pivotal role of woody roots in plant anchorage, molecular mechanisms regulating poplar woody root responses to mechanical stress have still been little investigated. In the present paper, we investigate the spatial and temporal expression pattern of five mechanically-responsive miRNAs in three regions of bent poplar woody taproot and unstressed controls by quantitative RT-PCR analysis. Alignment of the cloned and sequenced amplified fragments confirmed that their nucleotide sequences are homologous to the mechanically-responsive miRNAs identified in bent poplar stem. Computational analysis identified putative target genes for each miRNA in the poplar genome. Additional miRNA target sites were found in several mechanical stress-related factors previously identified in poplar root and a subset of these was further analyzed for expression at the mRNA or protein level. Integrating the results of miRNAs expression patterns and target gene functions with our previous morphological and proteomic data, we concluded that the five miRNAs play crucial regulatory roles in reaction woody formation and lateral root development in mechanically-stressed poplar taproot.
Miriam Rossi; Dalila Trupiano; Manuela Tamburro; Giancarlo Ripabelli; Antonio Montagnoli; Donato Chiatante; Gabriella S. Scippa. MicroRNAs expression patterns in the response of poplar woody root to bending stress. Planta 2015, 242, 339 -351.
AMA StyleMiriam Rossi, Dalila Trupiano, Manuela Tamburro, Giancarlo Ripabelli, Antonio Montagnoli, Donato Chiatante, Gabriella S. Scippa. MicroRNAs expression patterns in the response of poplar woody root to bending stress. Planta. 2015; 242 (1):339-351.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMiriam Rossi; Dalila Trupiano; Manuela Tamburro; Giancarlo Ripabelli; Antonio Montagnoli; Donato Chiatante; Gabriella S. Scippa. 2015. "MicroRNAs expression patterns in the response of poplar woody root to bending stress." Planta 242, no. 1: 339-351.
Estimation of forest biomass on the regional and global scale is of great importance. Many studies have demonstrated that lidar is an accurate tool for estimating forest aboveground biomass. However, results vary with forest types, terrain conditions and the quality of the lidar data.
Antonio Montagnoli; Sara Fusco; Mattia Terzaghi; Alan Kirschbaum; Dirk Pflugmacher; Warren B Cohen; Gabriella S Scippa; Donato Chiatante. Estimating forest aboveground biomass by low density lidar data in mixed broad-leaved forests in the Italian Pre-Alps. Forest Ecosystems 2015, 2, 10 .
AMA StyleAntonio Montagnoli, Sara Fusco, Mattia Terzaghi, Alan Kirschbaum, Dirk Pflugmacher, Warren B Cohen, Gabriella S Scippa, Donato Chiatante. Estimating forest aboveground biomass by low density lidar data in mixed broad-leaved forests in the Italian Pre-Alps. Forest Ecosystems. 2015; 2 (1):10.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAntonio Montagnoli; Sara Fusco; Mattia Terzaghi; Alan Kirschbaum; Dirk Pflugmacher; Warren B Cohen; Gabriella S Scippa; Donato Chiatante. 2015. "Estimating forest aboveground biomass by low density lidar data in mixed broad-leaved forests in the Italian Pre-Alps." Forest Ecosystems 2, no. 1: 10.
This study investigates the relationship between fine-root morphology and net mesh size in fine-root production (FRP) measurements (ingrowth core and net method). The data collected show that when a fine root has an apical diameter equal or bigger than the mesh size, the degree of difficulty in passing through the net determines a response that arrests growth or deviation from the initial direction of growth. Both reactions prevent the root from crossing the net and induce the fine root to produce new laterals with thinner diameters. The investment in biomass necessary to form the new laterals is smaller than that needed to support the parental fine root and this leads to determines an underestimation of FRP. In particular, a considerable reduction of fine-root biomass in the area outside the netting was detected with a mesh size below 1.5mm. The choice of net mesh size to be used for FRP measurement cannot be arbitrary, but should be evaluated through a preliminary analysis of fine-root morphology of experimental species prior to net installation
A. Montagnoli; Mattia Terzaghi; G.S. Scippa; Donato Chiatante. Heterorhizy can lead to underestimation of fine-root production when using mesh-based techniques. Acta Oecologica 2014, 59, 84 -90.
AMA StyleA. Montagnoli, Mattia Terzaghi, G.S. Scippa, Donato Chiatante. Heterorhizy can lead to underestimation of fine-root production when using mesh-based techniques. Acta Oecologica. 2014; 59 ():84-90.
Chicago/Turabian StyleA. Montagnoli; Mattia Terzaghi; G.S. Scippa; Donato Chiatante. 2014. "Heterorhizy can lead to underestimation of fine-root production when using mesh-based techniques." Acta Oecologica 59, no. : 84-90.
In tree species, fine-root growth is influenced by the interaction between environmental factors such as soil temperature (ST) and soil moisture. Evidences suggest that if soil moisture and nutrient availability are adequate, rates of root growth increase with increasing soil temperature up to an optimum and then decline at supraoptimal temperatures. These optimal conditions vary between different taxa, the native environment and the fine-root diameter sub-classes considered. We investigated the effects of seasonal changes of both ST and soil water content (SWC) on very fine (d < 0.5 mm) and fine-root (0.5 < d < 2 mm) mass (vFRM, FRM) and length (vFRL, FRL) in Italian Southern Alps beech forests (Fagus sylvatica L.). Root samples were collected by soil core method. Turnover rate was higher for the very fine (0.51) than for the fine (0.36) roots. vFRM, FRM, vFRL and FRL displayed a complex seasonal pattern peaking in summer when SWC was around 40 % and ST was around 14 °C. Above this temperature, under almost constant SWC, all above mentioned root traits decreased. vFRM, FRM, vFRL and FRL showed significant second-order polynomial relationship (p < 0.05) with SWC for both diameter classes, with the only exception of SRL. ST showed the same kind of relationship significant only with vFRM and vFRL, the latter within the 12-16 °C smaller range. Interpolation analysis between root mass and length for both diameter classes and investigated soil environmental characteristics (ST and SWC) showed a clear roundish delineation only for vFRM. In conclusion, these findings clarified the occurrence of a bimodal fine-root growth seasonal pattern for our beech forest. The optimal growth ST and SWC ranges were delineated only for very fine roots, giving further evidence on this root category as the more responsiveness to soil environmental changes. Furthermore, F. sylvatica seems to adopt an intensive strategy to cope with decreasing SWC. Finally, fine-root growth, mainly radial type, seems to be driven by SWC, whereas very fine-root growth, mainly longitudinal type, seems to be driven by ST
A. Montagnoli; A. Di Iorio; Mattia Terzaghi; Dalila Trupiano; Gabriella Scippa; Donato Chiatante. Influence of soil temperature and water content on fine-root seasonal growth of European beech natural forest in Southern Alps, Italy. European Journal of Forest Research 2014, 133, 957 -968.
AMA StyleA. Montagnoli, A. Di Iorio, Mattia Terzaghi, Dalila Trupiano, Gabriella Scippa, Donato Chiatante. Influence of soil temperature and water content on fine-root seasonal growth of European beech natural forest in Southern Alps, Italy. European Journal of Forest Research. 2014; 133 (5):957-968.
Chicago/Turabian StyleA. Montagnoli; A. Di Iorio; Mattia Terzaghi; Dalila Trupiano; Gabriella Scippa; Donato Chiatante. 2014. "Influence of soil temperature and water content on fine-root seasonal growth of European beech natural forest in Southern Alps, Italy." European Journal of Forest Research 133, no. 5: 957-968.