This page has only limited features, please log in for full access.
Free-living nematodes have beneficial effects on plant growth and nutrition. Exploring how agricultural practices modulate these beneficial effects is still challenging. A study was conducted in Ferralsols from Madagascar from one unmanaged grassland and 16 upland rainfed rice fields, representative of different agricultural practices: rotation, agroforestry and monoculture. Intact soil cores in plastic cylinders were sampled in the field to assess the effects of agricultural practices on changes in plant growth and nutrition induced by the presence of bacterial-feeding nematodes. The soil cores were fumigated to kill the nematodes and moistened with a filtered fresh soil suspension containing only microbial cells. A rice seed was introduced in the core, which was then incubated under natural climatic conditions for 40 days with or without inoculation of the bacterial-feeding nematode Acrobeloides sp. The inoculation of the nematodes induced lower, similar or higher plant biomass and nutrient content in comparison to the control according to the agricultural practices. Positive effects of Acrobeloides sp. on plant functions were frequent in soil cores sampled from fields with high plant diversity, especially from agroforestry systems. The intact soil core technique appears to be a robust means of mimicking field conditions and constitutes a promising tool to assess effects on soil processes of the ecological intensification of agricultural practices.
Jean Trap; Mahafaka Ranoarisoa; Sariaka Raharijaona; Lilia Rabeharisoa; Claude Plassard; El Mayad; Laetitia Bernard; Thierry Becquer; Eric Blanchart. Agricultural Practices Modulate the Beneficial Activity of Bacterial-Feeding Nematodes for Plant Growth and Nutrition: Evidence from an Original Intact Soil Core Technique. Sustainability 2021, 13, 7181 .
AMA StyleJean Trap, Mahafaka Ranoarisoa, Sariaka Raharijaona, Lilia Rabeharisoa, Claude Plassard, El Mayad, Laetitia Bernard, Thierry Becquer, Eric Blanchart. Agricultural Practices Modulate the Beneficial Activity of Bacterial-Feeding Nematodes for Plant Growth and Nutrition: Evidence from an Original Intact Soil Core Technique. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (13):7181.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJean Trap; Mahafaka Ranoarisoa; Sariaka Raharijaona; Lilia Rabeharisoa; Claude Plassard; El Mayad; Laetitia Bernard; Thierry Becquer; Eric Blanchart. 2021. "Agricultural Practices Modulate the Beneficial Activity of Bacterial-Feeding Nematodes for Plant Growth and Nutrition: Evidence from an Original Intact Soil Core Technique." Sustainability 13, no. 13: 7181.
The effects of earthworm inoculation and cropping systems on upland rice systems were examined over a four-year period in the Highlands of Madagascar. Each year, endogeic earthworms Pontoscolex corethrurus (Rhinodrilidae) were inoculated (EW+) at a density of 75 ind m−2 or were not inoculated (EW0). Inoculation was tested in three cropping systems: conservation agriculture (CA) and traditional tillage with or without residues restitution. Soil and plant properties were measured during the first three years while soil biological properties were assessed at the fourth year. At the end of the experiment, earthworm density was three-fold higher in EW+ than in EW0, demonstrating the success of the inoculation. Earthworm density was more important in CA than in tillage systems. Earthworm inoculation had higher significant effects on soil and plant properties than cropping systems. Earthworm inoculation had positive effects on soil macroaggregation (+43%), aboveground biomass (+27%), rice grain yield (+45%), and N grain amount (+43%). Intensifying earthworm activity in field conditions to meet the challenge of ecological transition is supported by our study.
Onja Ratsiatosika; Malalatiana Razafindrakoto; Tantely Razafimbelo; Michel Rabenarivo; Thierry Becquer; Laetitia Bernard; Jean Trap; Eric Blanchart. Earthworm Inoculation Improves Upland Rice Crop Yield and Other Agrosystem Services in Madagascar. Agriculture 2021, 11, 60 .
AMA StyleOnja Ratsiatosika, Malalatiana Razafindrakoto, Tantely Razafimbelo, Michel Rabenarivo, Thierry Becquer, Laetitia Bernard, Jean Trap, Eric Blanchart. Earthworm Inoculation Improves Upland Rice Crop Yield and Other Agrosystem Services in Madagascar. Agriculture. 2021; 11 (1):60.
Chicago/Turabian StyleOnja Ratsiatosika; Malalatiana Razafindrakoto; Tantely Razafimbelo; Michel Rabenarivo; Thierry Becquer; Laetitia Bernard; Jean Trap; Eric Blanchart. 2021. "Earthworm Inoculation Improves Upland Rice Crop Yield and Other Agrosystem Services in Madagascar." Agriculture 11, no. 1: 60.
The Paris Climate Agreements and Sustainable Development Goals, signed by 197 countries, present agendas and address key issues for implementing multi-scale responses for sustainable development under climate change—an effort that must involve local, regional, national, and supra-national stakeholders. In that regard, Continental Carbon Sequestration (CoCS) and conservation of carbon sinks are recognized increasingly as having potentially important roles in mitigating climate change and adapting to it. Making that potential a reality will require indicators of success for various stakeholders from multidisciplinary backgrounds, plus promotion of long-term implementation of strategic action towards civil society (e.g., law and policy makers, economists, and farmers). To help meet those challenges, this discussion paper summarizes the state of the art and uncertainties regarding CoCS, taking an interdisciplinary, holistic approach toward understanding these complex issues. The first part of the paper discusses the carbon cycle’s bio-geophysical processes, while the second introduces the plurality of geographical scales to be addressed when dealing with landscape management for CoCS. The third part addresses systemic viability, vulnerability, and resilience in CoCS practices, before concluding with the need to develop inter-disciplinarity in sustainable science, participative research, and the societal implications of sustainable CoCS actions.
Tiphaine Chevallier; Maud Loireau; Romain Courault; Lydie Chapuis-Lardy; Thierry Desjardins; Cécile Gomez; Alexandre Grondin; Frédéric Guérin; Didier Orange; Raphaël Pélissier; Georges Serpantié; Marie-Hélène Durand; Pierre Derioz; Gildas Laruelle Goulven; Marie-Hélène Schwoob; Nicolas Viovy; Olivier Barrière; Eric Blanchart; Vincent Blanfort; Michel Brossard; Julien Demenois; Mireille Fargette; Thierry Heulin; Gil Mahe; Raphaël Manlay; Pascal Podwojewski; Cornélia Rumpel; Benjamin Sultan; Jean-Luc Chotte. Paris Climate Agreement: Promoting Interdisciplinary Science and Stakeholders’ Approaches for Multi-Scale Implementation of Continental Carbon Sequestration. Sustainability 2020, 12, 6715 .
AMA StyleTiphaine Chevallier, Maud Loireau, Romain Courault, Lydie Chapuis-Lardy, Thierry Desjardins, Cécile Gomez, Alexandre Grondin, Frédéric Guérin, Didier Orange, Raphaël Pélissier, Georges Serpantié, Marie-Hélène Durand, Pierre Derioz, Gildas Laruelle Goulven, Marie-Hélène Schwoob, Nicolas Viovy, Olivier Barrière, Eric Blanchart, Vincent Blanfort, Michel Brossard, Julien Demenois, Mireille Fargette, Thierry Heulin, Gil Mahe, Raphaël Manlay, Pascal Podwojewski, Cornélia Rumpel, Benjamin Sultan, Jean-Luc Chotte. Paris Climate Agreement: Promoting Interdisciplinary Science and Stakeholders’ Approaches for Multi-Scale Implementation of Continental Carbon Sequestration. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (17):6715.
Chicago/Turabian StyleTiphaine Chevallier; Maud Loireau; Romain Courault; Lydie Chapuis-Lardy; Thierry Desjardins; Cécile Gomez; Alexandre Grondin; Frédéric Guérin; Didier Orange; Raphaël Pélissier; Georges Serpantié; Marie-Hélène Durand; Pierre Derioz; Gildas Laruelle Goulven; Marie-Hélène Schwoob; Nicolas Viovy; Olivier Barrière; Eric Blanchart; Vincent Blanfort; Michel Brossard; Julien Demenois; Mireille Fargette; Thierry Heulin; Gil Mahe; Raphaël Manlay; Pascal Podwojewski; Cornélia Rumpel; Benjamin Sultan; Jean-Luc Chotte. 2020. "Paris Climate Agreement: Promoting Interdisciplinary Science and Stakeholders’ Approaches for Multi-Scale Implementation of Continental Carbon Sequestration." Sustainability 12, no. 17: 6715.
Revealing belowground-aboveground relationships (BAR) is essential to drive ecological processes to address agriculture dysfunctions, especially in the management of aboveground plant diseases. Earthworms are one of the most important soil organisms involved in BAR, and silicon (Si) has been identified as a crucial element regulating aboveground plant health. How earthworm-Si interactions induce BAR in poor- and rich-nutrient soil contexts is still poorly understood, despite a growing interest in agricultural sustainability. We investigated the potential of BAR induced by the earthworm-silicon interaction to control the severity of rice blast disease in a Ferralsol in Madagascar, with or without NPK fertilization. We conducted a greenhouse microcosm experiment in which we manipulated the presence of the endogeic earthworm Pontoscolex corethrurus and the fungus Pyricularia oryzae in a Ferralsol supplied or not with Si and fertilized with macronutrients (nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, i.e., NPK). After eight weeks of growth, plant biomass, nutrition and disease severity were measured. Our results validated the hypothesis that a dual treatment of earthworm inoculation and Si fertilization in a nutrient-poor tropical soil confers a higher tolerance of rainfed rice to P. oryzae, in comparison with treatments with only earthworms or Si, providing the optimal agronomic balance between a gain in biomass (and nutrition) and a reduction in disease severity. The supply of macronutrients altered this positive BAR by favouring the phenomenon of N-induced susceptibility. The aboveground plant C:N ratio of 15 is a threshold below which any increase in N per C unit likely enhances blast disease. The role of belowground interactions to counteract agricultural dysfunctions is supported by our study. To accomplish ecological intensification and provision of ecosystem services such as disease regulation, our findings recommend replacing excessive use of macronutrient fertilizer with sustained agricultural practices promoting the development of earthworm populations, such as organic matter inputs, superficial or no tillage, and the use of cover crops or conservation agriculture.
E. Blanchart; O. Ratsiatosika; H. Raveloson; T. Razafimbelo; M. Razafindrakoto; M. Sester; T. Becquer; L. Bernard; J. Trap. Nitrogen supply reduces the earthworm-silicon control on rice blast disease in a Ferralsol. Applied Soil Ecology 2019, 145, 103341 .
AMA StyleE. Blanchart, O. Ratsiatosika, H. Raveloson, T. Razafimbelo, M. Razafindrakoto, M. Sester, T. Becquer, L. Bernard, J. Trap. Nitrogen supply reduces the earthworm-silicon control on rice blast disease in a Ferralsol. Applied Soil Ecology. 2019; 145 ():103341.
Chicago/Turabian StyleE. Blanchart; O. Ratsiatosika; H. Raveloson; T. Razafimbelo; M. Razafindrakoto; M. Sester; T. Becquer; L. Bernard; J. Trap. 2019. "Nitrogen supply reduces the earthworm-silicon control on rice blast disease in a Ferralsol." Applied Soil Ecology 145, no. : 103341.
O. Ratsiatosika; L. Bernard; B. Rabary; I. Rainihanjarimanana; R. Randriamanantsoa; T. Razafimbelo; M. Razafindrakoto; J. Trap; Eric Blanchart. Earthworm Functional Groups, Residue Quality and Management Impact on Upland Rice Growth and Yield – An Experimental Study in the Madagascar Highlands. Journal of Experimental Agriculture International 2019, 30, 1 -14.
AMA StyleO. Ratsiatosika, L. Bernard, B. Rabary, I. Rainihanjarimanana, R. Randriamanantsoa, T. Razafimbelo, M. Razafindrakoto, J. Trap, Eric Blanchart. Earthworm Functional Groups, Residue Quality and Management Impact on Upland Rice Growth and Yield – An Experimental Study in the Madagascar Highlands. Journal of Experimental Agriculture International. 2019; 30 (5):1-14.
Chicago/Turabian StyleO. Ratsiatosika; L. Bernard; B. Rabary; I. Rainihanjarimanana; R. Randriamanantsoa; T. Razafimbelo; M. Razafindrakoto; J. Trap; Eric Blanchart. 2019. "Earthworm Functional Groups, Residue Quality and Management Impact on Upland Rice Growth and Yield – An Experimental Study in the Madagascar Highlands." Journal of Experimental Agriculture International 30, no. 5: 1-14.
Les invertébrés de la macrofaune du sol, comme les vers de terre et les termites, jouent un rôle clé dans le fonctionnement des sols. Ils décomposent la litière et l’incorporent au sol, ils construisent et maintiennent la structure du sol en creusant des galeries et en modifiant l’agrégation du sol, ils contrôlent en partie la diversité et les activités microbiennes, ils protègent les plantes contre les maladies et les pathogènes. En modifiant l’agrégation et la porosité du sol, en décomposant la matière organique, ces organismes participent à l’infiltration et au stockage de l’eau dans les sols, au recyclage des nutriments, à la régulation du ruissellement de l’eau, au stockage du carbone. Ces processus sont à la base des services écosystémiques. Pourtant, le rôle bénéfique de ces organismes dans la productivité des sols et la fourniture de services écosystémiques est encore mal connu et peu utilisé par les gestionnaires du sol (agriculteurs, etc.). Ils sont pourtant des indicateurs de la qualité des sols et doivent être considérés comme une ressource permettant de mieux gérer et améliorer la fourniture de services par les agroécosystèmes tropicaux.
Éric Blanchart; Pascal Jouquet. Chapitre 23. Rôle des vers de terre et des termites pour la restauration de la productivité des sols en milieux tropicaux. Restauration de la productivité des sols tropicaux et méditerranéens 2018, 303 -314.
AMA StyleÉric Blanchart, Pascal Jouquet. Chapitre 23. Rôle des vers de terre et des termites pour la restauration de la productivité des sols en milieux tropicaux. Restauration de la productivité des sols tropicaux et méditerranéens. 2018; ():303-314.
Chicago/Turabian StyleÉric Blanchart; Pascal Jouquet. 2018. "Chapitre 23. Rôle des vers de terre et des termites pour la restauration de la productivité des sols en milieux tropicaux." Restauration de la productivité des sols tropicaux et méditerranéens , no. : 303-314.
Mahafaka Patricia Ranoarisoa; Christian Morel; Andry Andriamananjara; Christophe Jourdan; Laetitia Bernard; Thierry Becquer; Lilia Rabeharisoa; Koloina Rahajaharilaza; Claude Plassard; Eric Blanchart; Jean Trap. Effects of a bacterivorous nematode on rice 32P uptake and root architecture in a high P-sorbing ferrallitic soil. Soil Biology and Biochemistry 2018, 122, 39 -49.
AMA StyleMahafaka Patricia Ranoarisoa, Christian Morel, Andry Andriamananjara, Christophe Jourdan, Laetitia Bernard, Thierry Becquer, Lilia Rabeharisoa, Koloina Rahajaharilaza, Claude Plassard, Eric Blanchart, Jean Trap. Effects of a bacterivorous nematode on rice 32P uptake and root architecture in a high P-sorbing ferrallitic soil. Soil Biology and Biochemistry. 2018; 122 ():39-49.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMahafaka Patricia Ranoarisoa; Christian Morel; Andry Andriamananjara; Christophe Jourdan; Laetitia Bernard; Thierry Becquer; Lilia Rabeharisoa; Koloina Rahajaharilaza; Claude Plassard; Eric Blanchart; Jean Trap. 2018. "Effects of a bacterivorous nematode on rice 32P uptake and root architecture in a high P-sorbing ferrallitic soil." Soil Biology and Biochemistry 122, no. : 39-49.
L’agriculture climato-intelligente (Climate Smart Agriculture) vise à lutter contre le changement climatique et à s’y adapter tout en combattant l’insécurité alimentaire. À Madagascar, différentes pratiques agricoles ont été testées depuis une vingtaine d’années par des organisations non gouvernementales et des institutions de recherche afin d’accroître les rendements, maintenir la fertilité des sols et augmenter les revenus des ménages. Ces pratiques sont l’agriculture de conservation, l’agroforesterie et l’utilisation d’intrants ou d’amendements organiques comme le compost ou le fumier. Cette étude a pour objet de documenter les impacts de quelques pratiques d’agriculture climato-intelligente sur le stockage du carbone dans le sol. Les résultats montrent que le stock de carbone des sols varie fortement d’une pratique à l’autre. Pour l’agriculture de conservation, la différence de stock varie de 0 à 1,82 Mg C ha−1 an−1par rapport à la pratique traditionnelle (labour et exportation des résidus). Pour l’agroforesterie, la différence de stock entre des systèmes rizicoles sous girofliers et des pratiques de riziculture sur brûlis est de 0,68 Mg C ha−1 an−1. L’utilisation d’apports organiques comme le fumier, le compost ou les déchets urbains a induit des augmentations de carbone du sol de 0,16, 0,81 et 0,42 Mg C ha−1 an−1, mais les effets de ces apports organiques ne sont pas significatifs du fait de la très grande variabilité inter-parcellaire des stocks mesurés. Les pratiques d’agriculture climato-intelligente permettent ainsi d’augmenter la teneur en carbone du sol et ont donc des potentiels d’atténuation du changement climatique, mais ce potentiel est très variable selon la pratique considérée. Un éventuel impact à l’échelle du pays dépendra de l’étendue de l’adoption de ces différentes pratiques.
Tantely Maminiaina Razafimbelo; Andry Andriamananjara; Tovonarivo Rafolisy; Herintsitohaina Razakamanarivo; Dominique Masse; Eric Blanchart; Marie-Virginie Falinirina; Laetitia Bernard; Nasandratra Ravonjiarison; Alain Albrecht. Impact de l’agriculture climato-intelligente sur les stocks de carbone organique du sol à Madagascar. Cahiers Agricultures 2018, 27, 35001 .
AMA StyleTantely Maminiaina Razafimbelo, Andry Andriamananjara, Tovonarivo Rafolisy, Herintsitohaina Razakamanarivo, Dominique Masse, Eric Blanchart, Marie-Virginie Falinirina, Laetitia Bernard, Nasandratra Ravonjiarison, Alain Albrecht. Impact de l’agriculture climato-intelligente sur les stocks de carbone organique du sol à Madagascar. Cahiers Agricultures. 2018; 27 (3):35001.
Chicago/Turabian StyleTantely Maminiaina Razafimbelo; Andry Andriamananjara; Tovonarivo Rafolisy; Herintsitohaina Razakamanarivo; Dominique Masse; Eric Blanchart; Marie-Virginie Falinirina; Laetitia Bernard; Nasandratra Ravonjiarison; Alain Albrecht. 2018. "Impact de l’agriculture climato-intelligente sur les stocks de carbone organique du sol à Madagascar." Cahiers Agricultures 27, no. 3: 35001.
The priming effect (PE) in soil, when induced by a fresh carbon supply, is believed to result from two different mechanisms, “stoichiometric decomposition” and “nutrient mining”, and contributes to either long-term SOM stabilization or depletion. Understanding how to affect the balance between both mechanisms can provide valuable insight into agroecology, especially in Southern countries where organic matter management is the primary method of fertilizing cultivated plots. Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate the bacterial actors in each mechanism and the influence of three drivers in Malagasy Ferralitic soils: the quality of the inducing substrate, the quality of the SOM, and the soil nutrient status. Three different agricultural Ferralitic soils, characterized by different levels of NH4 and PO4 availability, different SOM size fractionation profiles, and different bacterial communities, were amended with three types of 13C-labeled organic substrate (glucose, wheat residue, and rice residue) and the PE was measured at two incubation times (7 and 42 days). The results showed that a PE generated by stoichiometric decomposition was mainly induced by the polymerized fraction of crop residues, especially in soil enriched by decaying plant tissues, mineral N, and its associated decomposers guild such as Verrucomicrobia, α- and δ-Proteobacteria and Actinomycetes. Conversely, when this young SOM pool was reduced, the PE was mainly generated by N mining, especially when induced by soluble compounds and when N was limiting but P was available.
Kanto Razanamalala; Rota Andrea Fanomezana; Tantely M. Razafimbelo; Tiphaine Chevallier; Jean Trap; Eric Blanchart; Laetitia Bernard. The priming effect generated by stoichiometric decomposition and nutrient mining in cultivated tropical soils: Actors and drivers. Applied Soil Ecology 2018, 126, 21 -33.
AMA StyleKanto Razanamalala, Rota Andrea Fanomezana, Tantely M. Razafimbelo, Tiphaine Chevallier, Jean Trap, Eric Blanchart, Laetitia Bernard. The priming effect generated by stoichiometric decomposition and nutrient mining in cultivated tropical soils: Actors and drivers. Applied Soil Ecology. 2018; 126 ():21-33.
Chicago/Turabian StyleKanto Razanamalala; Rota Andrea Fanomezana; Tantely M. Razafimbelo; Tiphaine Chevallier; Jean Trap; Eric Blanchart; Laetitia Bernard. 2018. "The priming effect generated by stoichiometric decomposition and nutrient mining in cultivated tropical soils: Actors and drivers." Applied Soil Ecology 126, no. : 21-33.
The priming effect in soil is proposed to be generated by two distinct mechanisms: 'stoichiometric decomposition' and/or 'nutrient mining' theories. Each mechanism has its own dynamics, involves its own microbial actors, and targets different soil organic matter (SOM) pools. The present study aims to evaluate how climatic parameters drive the intensity of each priming effect generation mechanism via the modification of soil microbial and physicochemical properties. Soils were sampled in the center of Madagascar, along climatic gradients designed to distinguish temperature from rainfall effects. Abiotic and biotic soil descriptors were characterized including bacterial and fungal phylogenetic composition. Potential organic matter mineralization and PE were assessed 7 and 42 days after the beginning of incubation with (13)C-enriched wheat straw. Both priming mechanisms were mainly driven by the mean annual temperature but in opposite directions. The priming effect generated by stoichiometric decomposition was fostered under colder climates, because of soil enrichment in less developed organic matter, as well as in fast-growing populations. Conversely, the priming effect generated by nutrient mining was enhanced under warmer climates, probably because of the lack of competition between slow-growing populations mining SOM and fast-growing populations for the energy-rich residue entering the soil. Our study leads to hypotheses about the consequences of climate change on both PE generation mechanisms and associated consequences on soil carbon sequestration.The ISME Journal advance online publication, 17 October 2017; doi:10.1038/ismej.2017.178.
Kanto Razanamalala; Tantely M. Razafimbelo; Pierre-Alain Maron; Lionel Ranjard; Nicolas Chemidlin; Mélanie Lelièvre; Samuel Dequiedt; Volaniaina H Ramaroson; Claire Marsden; Thierry Becquer; Jean Trap; Eric Blanchart; Laetitia Bernard. Soil microbial diversity drives the priming effect along climate gradients: a case study in Madagascar. The ISME Journal 2017, 12, 451 -462.
AMA StyleKanto Razanamalala, Tantely M. Razafimbelo, Pierre-Alain Maron, Lionel Ranjard, Nicolas Chemidlin, Mélanie Lelièvre, Samuel Dequiedt, Volaniaina H Ramaroson, Claire Marsden, Thierry Becquer, Jean Trap, Eric Blanchart, Laetitia Bernard. Soil microbial diversity drives the priming effect along climate gradients: a case study in Madagascar. The ISME Journal. 2017; 12 (2):451-462.
Chicago/Turabian StyleKanto Razanamalala; Tantely M. Razafimbelo; Pierre-Alain Maron; Lionel Ranjard; Nicolas Chemidlin; Mélanie Lelièvre; Samuel Dequiedt; Volaniaina H Ramaroson; Claire Marsden; Thierry Becquer; Jean Trap; Eric Blanchart; Laetitia Bernard. 2017. "Soil microbial diversity drives the priming effect along climate gradients: a case study in Madagascar." The ISME Journal 12, no. 2: 451-462.
Mahafaka Patricia Ranoarisoa; Eric Blanchart; Kirsten Vom Brocke; Alain Ramanantsoanirina; Mathilde Sester; Claude Plassard; Laurent Cournac; Jean Trap. Attractancy of bacterivorous nematodes to root-adhering soils differs according to rice cultivars. Rhizosphere 2017, 3, 128 -131.
AMA StyleMahafaka Patricia Ranoarisoa, Eric Blanchart, Kirsten Vom Brocke, Alain Ramanantsoanirina, Mathilde Sester, Claude Plassard, Laurent Cournac, Jean Trap. Attractancy of bacterivorous nematodes to root-adhering soils differs according to rice cultivars. Rhizosphere. 2017; 3 ():128-131.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMahafaka Patricia Ranoarisoa; Eric Blanchart; Kirsten Vom Brocke; Alain Ramanantsoanirina; Mathilde Sester; Claude Plassard; Laurent Cournac; Jean Trap. 2017. "Attractancy of bacterivorous nematodes to root-adhering soils differs according to rice cultivars." Rhizosphere 3, no. : 128-131.
Malalatiana Razafindrakoto; Csaba Csuzdi; Samuel James; Eric Blanchart. New earthworms from Madagascar with key to the Kynotus species (Oligochaeta: Kynotidae). Zoologischer Anzeiger - A Journal of Comparative Zoology 2017, 268, 126 -135.
AMA StyleMalalatiana Razafindrakoto, Csaba Csuzdi, Samuel James, Eric Blanchart. New earthworms from Madagascar with key to the Kynotus species (Oligochaeta: Kynotidae). Zoologischer Anzeiger - A Journal of Comparative Zoology. 2017; 268 ():126-135.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMalalatiana Razafindrakoto; Csaba Csuzdi; Samuel James; Eric Blanchart. 2017. "New earthworms from Madagascar with key to the Kynotus species (Oligochaeta: Kynotidae)." Zoologischer Anzeiger - A Journal of Comparative Zoology 268, no. : 126-135.
Recycling empty fruit bunches (EFBs) in mature oil palm stands usually consists in distributing them over a limited area representing 3%–10% of the plot. The impact of this practice on soil quality, including soil biodiversity, is not well known at the plot scale. We analysed soil physical, chemical, and biological variables. Five zones were defined around the palm tree to assess spatial heterogeneity due to plant cover and application of organic and inorganic fertilisers. Each zone was analysed separately. Our study revealed marked variations in mineral contents around the palm tree, ranging from deficiency to excess or nutrient imbalance in adjacent zones, particularly in available P and K, Mg and pH. Similar variations in macrofauna were observed both in the litter and the soil. Our results demonstrate that the changes caused by plant cover and applications of fertiliser are mainly limited in space, but that earthworm communities move as a function of variations in nutrient availability or stress associated with EFB deposition over time. The Amacher index, adapted to the soil nutrient status for oil palm, indicated that average mineral fertility at the plot scale was rather good. The average density of soil macrofauna and nematofauna was low compared to other tropical ecosystems, but reference data from Indonesia are lacking. Application of EFBs on the harvest path mainly improved the homogeneity of soil quality within the elementary plot around the palm. However these data did not show that recycling EFB stimulates soil fauna communities or carbon sequestration at the plot scale. (Résumé d'auteur
M.P. Carron; Q. Auriac; D. Snoeck; C. Villenave; E. Blanchart; F. Ribeyre; R. Marichal; M. Darminto; J.P. Caliman. Do the impact of organic residues on soil quality extend beyond the deposition area under oil palm? European Journal of Soil Biology 2016, 75, 54 -61.
AMA StyleM.P. Carron, Q. Auriac, D. Snoeck, C. Villenave, E. Blanchart, F. Ribeyre, R. Marichal, M. Darminto, J.P. Caliman. Do the impact of organic residues on soil quality extend beyond the deposition area under oil palm? European Journal of Soil Biology. 2016; 75 ():54-61.
Chicago/Turabian StyleM.P. Carron; Q. Auriac; D. Snoeck; C. Villenave; E. Blanchart; F. Ribeyre; R. Marichal; M. Darminto; J.P. Caliman. 2016. "Do the impact of organic residues on soil quality extend beyond the deposition area under oil palm?" European Journal of Soil Biology 75, no. : 54-61.
Land management aiming to sustain ecosystem services is an important issue, especially in biodiversity hot spots such as found in Mediterranean areas. In Mediterranean areas, viticulture is an important land use. Vineyards are frequently found on inherently poor soils and are submitted to intensive management practices, which threaten soil functioning and associated ecosystem services. To encourage winegrowers and stakeholders to be reflective and adapt their vineyard practices, we evaluated the effects of three soil management practices (inter row plant cover duration, weeding and fertilization strategies) on soil functioning in 146 commercial plots distributed in Southern France, by a complementary set of biological and physico-chemical indicators. We used the concept of soil dynamic quality to evaluate some soil management practices on soil functioning. The influence of inherent soil properties derived from pedogenesis on soil dynamic indicator response was accounted for by considering the response of soil indicators for three soil groups differing in their stoniness and Ca carbonate content. The three soil management practices systematically influenced some nematode-based indicators, whereas other indicators were ascribable to a specific soil type or practice. We demonstrated that the potential of soil management practices to enhance soil functioning is restricted by soil type. In particular for calcareous soils, the soil functioning is very stable limiting effects of soil management practices. The presence of a cover crop, even temporary, in the inter row, is the only practice which benefits soil functioning whatever the soil type whereas organic fertilization and chemical weeding exhibit contrasting results on soil functioning
Clémence Salomé; Patrice Coll; Egidio Lardo; Aurélie Metay; Cécile Villenave; Claire Marsden; Eric Blanchart; Philippe Hinsinger; Edith Le Cadre. The soil quality concept as a framework to assess management practices in vulnerable agroecosystems: A case study in Mediterranean vineyards. Ecological Indicators 2016, 61, 456 -465.
AMA StyleClémence Salomé, Patrice Coll, Egidio Lardo, Aurélie Metay, Cécile Villenave, Claire Marsden, Eric Blanchart, Philippe Hinsinger, Edith Le Cadre. The soil quality concept as a framework to assess management practices in vulnerable agroecosystems: A case study in Mediterranean vineyards. Ecological Indicators. 2016; 61 ():456-465.
Chicago/Turabian StyleClémence Salomé; Patrice Coll; Egidio Lardo; Aurélie Metay; Cécile Villenave; Claire Marsden; Eric Blanchart; Philippe Hinsinger; Edith Le Cadre. 2016. "The soil quality concept as a framework to assess management practices in vulnerable agroecosystems: A case study in Mediterranean vineyards." Ecological Indicators 61, no. : 456-465.
P. Lavelle; E. Blanchart; A. Martin; A. V. Spain; S. Martin. Impact of Soil Fauna on the Properties of Soils in the Humid Tropics. SSSA Special Publications 2015, sssaspecia, 157 -185.
AMA StyleP. Lavelle, E. Blanchart, A. Martin, A. V. Spain, S. Martin. Impact of Soil Fauna on the Properties of Soils in the Humid Tropics. SSSA Special Publications. 2015; sssaspecia (mythsandsc):157-185.
Chicago/Turabian StyleP. Lavelle; E. Blanchart; A. Martin; A. V. Spain; S. Martin. 2015. "Impact of Soil Fauna on the Properties of Soils in the Humid Tropics." SSSA Special Publications sssaspecia, no. mythsandsc: 157-185.
Bacterivores, mostly represented by protists and nematodes, are a key component of soil biodiversity involved in soil fertility and plant productivity. In the current context of global change and soil biodiversity erosion, it becomes urgent to suitably recognize and quantify their ecological importance in ecosystem functioning. Using meta-analysis tools, we aimed at providing a quantitative synthesis of the ecological importance of soil bacterivores on ecosystem functions. We also intended to produce an overview of the ecological factors that are expected to drive the magnitude of bacterivore effects on ecosystem functions. Bacterivores in soil contributed significantly to numerous key ecosystem functions. We propose a new theoretical framework based on ecological stoichiometry stressing the role of C:N:P ratios in soil, microbial and plant biomass as important parameters driving bacterivore-effects on soil N and P availability for plants, immobilization of N and P in the bacterial biomass, and plant responses in nutrition and growth.
Jean Trap; Michael Bonkowski; Claude Plassard; Cécile Villenave; Eric Blanchart. Ecological importance of soil bacterivores for ecosystem functions. Plant and Soil 2015, 398, 1 -24.
AMA StyleJean Trap, Michael Bonkowski, Claude Plassard, Cécile Villenave, Eric Blanchart. Ecological importance of soil bacterivores for ecosystem functions. Plant and Soil. 2015; 398 (1-2):1-24.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJean Trap; Michael Bonkowski; Claude Plassard; Cécile Villenave; Eric Blanchart. 2015. "Ecological importance of soil bacterivores for ecosystem functions." Plant and Soil 398, no. 1-2: 1-24.
ISHS VIII International Peach Symposium APPARENT ELECTRICAL CONDUCTIVITY AS A TOOL FOR EARTHWORM PARAMETERS EVALUATION IN A COMMERCIAL ORCHARD
E. Lardo; A.M. Palese; A. Arouss; G. Ferrazzano; C. Xiloyannis; Giuseppe Celano; P. Coll; E. Le Cadre; E. Blanchart; C. Villenave. APPARENT ELECTRICAL CONDUCTIVITY AS A TOOL FOR EARTHWORM PARAMETERS EVALUATION IN A COMMERCIAL ORCHARD. Acta Horticulturae 2015, 479 -484.
AMA StyleE. Lardo, A.M. Palese, A. Arouss, G. Ferrazzano, C. Xiloyannis, Giuseppe Celano, P. Coll, E. Le Cadre, E. Blanchart, C. Villenave. APPARENT ELECTRICAL CONDUCTIVITY AS A TOOL FOR EARTHWORM PARAMETERS EVALUATION IN A COMMERCIAL ORCHARD. Acta Horticulturae. 2015; (1084):479-484.
Chicago/Turabian StyleE. Lardo; A.M. Palese; A. Arouss; G. Ferrazzano; C. Xiloyannis; Giuseppe Celano; P. Coll; E. Le Cadre; E. Blanchart; C. Villenave. 2015. "APPARENT ELECTRICAL CONDUCTIVITY AS A TOOL FOR EARTHWORM PARAMETERS EVALUATION IN A COMMERCIAL ORCHARD." Acta Horticulturae , no. 1084: 479-484.
An optimized method, based on the coupling of two commercial kits, is described for the extraction of soil nucleic acids, with simultaneous extraction and purification of DNA and RNA following a cascade scheme and avoiding the use of harmful solvents. The protocol canmonitor the variations in the recovery yield of DNA and RNA from soils of various types.The quantitative version of the protocol was obtained by testing the starting soil quantity, the grinding parameters and the final elution volumes, in order to avoid saturation of both kits.
E. Tournier; L. Amenc; A.L. Pablo; E. Legname; Eric Blanchart; Claude Plassard; Agnès Robin; L. Bernard. Modification of a commercial DNA extraction kit for safe and rapid recovery of DNA and RNA simultaneously from soil, without the use of harmful solvents. MethodsX 2015, 2, 182 -191.
AMA StyleE. Tournier, L. Amenc, A.L. Pablo, E. Legname, Eric Blanchart, Claude Plassard, Agnès Robin, L. Bernard. Modification of a commercial DNA extraction kit for safe and rapid recovery of DNA and RNA simultaneously from soil, without the use of harmful solvents. MethodsX. 2015; 2 ():182-191.
Chicago/Turabian StyleE. Tournier; L. Amenc; A.L. Pablo; E. Legname; Eric Blanchart; Claude Plassard; Agnès Robin; L. Bernard. 2015. "Modification of a commercial DNA extraction kit for safe and rapid recovery of DNA and RNA simultaneously from soil, without the use of harmful solvents." MethodsX 2, no. : 182-191.
The African oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) is grown on a total area of 16 million ha; but data on soil quality in mature oil palm plantations are fragmentary and data concerning biota are almost nonexistent. Consequently, no well-tested sampling method is available for soil diagnoses. We studied the spatial heterogeneity of the soil around the palm by measuring comprehensive soil quality in a 24-yearold oil palm plantation. Soil quality and litter were assessed in five zones with different plant cover, and different applications of herbicide or fertilizer. Physical-chemical characteristics, macrofauna, and nematofauna were analysed. A sampling method was developed and adapted to the way the cultivation practices are implemented: sampling by zone and weighting the plot mean by the respective area of each zone. The total density of macrofauna in the litter and in the 0e15 cm soil layer followed a gradient from the harvest pathway (29 ind m_2) to the windrow (1003 ind m_2). Ants (13e237 ind m_2), earthworms (11e120 ind m_2), Dermaptera (0e35 ind m_2), Coleoptera (3e24 ind m_2) and Chilopoda (0 e43 ind m_2) were the main taxa. The termite population was very poor (3e4 ind m_2). The density of nematofauna was also heterogeneous (268e805 ind 100 g_1 of soil). Heterogeneity between zones was also reflected in the density of the functional groups, mainly soil engineers, detritivores and predators for macrofauna and bacterial feeders, and phytoparasites for nematofauna. The weeded circular zone around the palm had the highest soil nutrient content (P, K, Ca, Mg, Corg CEC, base saturation). Its biodiversity was average but it contained the highest density of earthworms and nematofauna. Possible relationships between chemicals and biological groups in the food web are discussed. (Résumé d'auteur
M.P. Carron; Q. Auriac; D. Snoeck; C. Villenave; Eric Blanchart; Fabienne Ribeyre; R. Marichal; M. Darminto; J.P. Caliman. Spatial heterogeneity of soil quality around mature oil palms receiving mineral fertilization. European Journal of Soil Biology 2015, 66, 24 -31.
AMA StyleM.P. Carron, Q. Auriac, D. Snoeck, C. Villenave, Eric Blanchart, Fabienne Ribeyre, R. Marichal, M. Darminto, J.P. Caliman. Spatial heterogeneity of soil quality around mature oil palms receiving mineral fertilization. European Journal of Soil Biology. 2015; 66 ():24-31.
Chicago/Turabian StyleM.P. Carron; Q. Auriac; D. Snoeck; C. Villenave; Eric Blanchart; Fabienne Ribeyre; R. Marichal; M. Darminto; J.P. Caliman. 2015. "Spatial heterogeneity of soil quality around mature oil palms receiving mineral fertilization." European Journal of Soil Biology 66, no. : 24-31.
Vineyard landscapes in Mediterranean areas represent a strong cultural legacy and support a crucial socioeconomic sector. The sustainability of these landscapes is threatened by rapid changes of soil quality, in the context of global change and intensive management practices. Considering the Languedoc-Roussillon region of southern France as representative of Mediterranean soil and climate conditions, we evaluated the topsoil quality of vineyards at the regional scale, based on a set of 31 physical, chemical and biological soil indicators measured on 164 commercial vineyard plots. Almost all soil parameters were highly variable among plots. Biological activity was low but no systematic perturbation of the trophic web was noticed. The regional variability of use-invariant soil properties (such as calcium carbonate content and texture) was characterized and taken into account for the analysis of dynamic indicators. Invariant soil properties explained up to 25% of the variance of dynamic chemical and biological indicators. Consequently as a tool to improve soil management decision and recommendations, we proposed a grouping of the 164 vineyard plots into functional soil groups determined by soil invariant properties. Information redundancy between different dynamic indicators was analyzed, and their interpretation and limitations as indicators of topsoil quality were discussed. Our study has produced detailed topsoil indicator baselines that can be immediately used as references for winegrowers to appraise the topsoil quality of their vineyard in comparison with others
Clémence Salome; Patrice Coll; Egidio Lardo; Cécile Villenave; Eric Blanchart; Philippe Hinsinger; Claire Marsden; Edith Le Cadre. Relevance of use-invariant soil properties to assess soil quality of vulnerable ecosystems: The case of Mediterranean vineyards. Ecological Indicators 2014, 43, 83 -93.
AMA StyleClémence Salome, Patrice Coll, Egidio Lardo, Cécile Villenave, Eric Blanchart, Philippe Hinsinger, Claire Marsden, Edith Le Cadre. Relevance of use-invariant soil properties to assess soil quality of vulnerable ecosystems: The case of Mediterranean vineyards. Ecological Indicators. 2014; 43 ():83-93.
Chicago/Turabian StyleClémence Salome; Patrice Coll; Egidio Lardo; Cécile Villenave; Eric Blanchart; Philippe Hinsinger; Claire Marsden; Edith Le Cadre. 2014. "Relevance of use-invariant soil properties to assess soil quality of vulnerable ecosystems: The case of Mediterranean vineyards." Ecological Indicators 43, no. : 83-93.