Background. Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is associated with high frequency of obstetric complications, such as gestosis, polyhydramnios, urogenital infection, premature birth. An increase in the number of cases of detection of GDM in pregnant women living in Kazakhstan is noted recently. Objective. This research was carried out in order to see the influence of GDM on the course of the third trimester of pregnancy, outcomes and fetal status in women of Kazakh ethnic group. Research design. Cohort observational study. Subjects and Methods. The main group of research consisted of 61 pregnant women with GDM (Mean(age)= 32.8 +/- 6.314), the control group included 39 pregnant women with normal glucose tolerance (Mean(age)=30 +/- 5.432 years). The pregnant women in both groups were examined by calculation of body mass index (BMI), determination of fasting plasma glucose and the system of hemostasis. Also, the fetal ultrasound was implemented and the uterineplacental, fetal-placental blood flow were evaluated using the Doppler mode. Results. In the main group initial BMI was equal to Mean=31.1 +/- 7.433 kg/m(2); we revealed manifestation of gestational hypertension in 36.1%, 95%CI (2.52, 48.6); preeclampsia was diagnosed in 14.8% (95%CI (8; 25.7); the disorders of uteroplacental and fetoplacental blood flow recorded significantly more frequently in main group RR=6.393,95%CI(1.581-25.840), like the diabetic fetopathy RR=5.115, 95%CI(1.240-21.033). The premature delivery, the prevalence of induction of delivery and intranatal trauma were significantly more frequent in women with GDM. Conclusions. GDM significantly worsens course of gestation.

Introduction. Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease of unknown etiology that leads to disability due to articular and extra-articular damage. RA prevalence is variable. The disease is most common among females with a 3:1 ratio. The interaction of environmental and host factors contributes to RA development. Currently, the genome-wide association studies (GWAS) give the opportunity to uncover the RA genetic background. Anticitrullinated peptide antibody (ACPA) is a highly specific RA antibody, associated with poor prognosis and severe course of RA, and regulated by numerous genes. Our study is aimed at investigating whether there are any clinical and genetic aspects correlate with ACPA presence in Kazakhstani patients with RA. Indeed, the available studies on this subject are focused on Caucasian and East Asian populations (mainly Japanese and Chinese), and there are scarce data from Central Asia. Methods. Our study included 70 RA patients. Patients blood samples were collected and genotyped for 14 SNPs by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). General examination, anamnestic, and clinical and laboratory data collection were carried out. Statistical analysis was performed using R statistics. Results and Conclusion. Our study revealed a significant association of ACPA positivity with Fc receptor-like 3 (FCRL3) and ACPA negativity with signal transducer and activator of transcription 4 (STAT4) genes, but not with T cell activation Rho GTPase activating protein (TAGAP). In addition, ACPA positivity was associated with radiographic progression, rheumatoid factor (RF), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), age of RA onset, the patient global assessment, body mass index (BMI), and Gamma globulin. Conclusion. Remained 11 earlier identified significantly associated in Caucasian and Asian population SNPs were not replicated in our cohort. Further studies on larger cohorts are needed to confirm our findings with higher confidence levels and stronger statistical power.

BACKGROUND: Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation (HSCT) has recently been a widely used method of therapy in various fields of current medicine, particularly in hematology.Some patients develop renal disorders following HSCT. AIM: This study aims to evaluate the dynamics of changes in the functional state of the kidneys in patients with ALL after HSCT. METHODS: In the period from 2015 to 2021, for the first time in Kazakhstan, patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) who underwent allogeneic and haploidentical HSCT were prospectively examined. RESULTS: We determined that the greatest decrease in glomerular filtration rate occurred in the group of patients who underwent haploidentical bone marrow transplantation. Moreover, we believe that our results are related to known contributing risk factors, such as the type of performed transplantation and the duration of taking medications for the prevention of graft versus host disease. Our results also indicate that the lethal outcome in the group with haploidentical HSCT in the studied patients with ALL was greater than in the group with allogeneic HSCT. CONCLUSION: In conclusion, a decrease in kidney function in patients who have survived HSCT is probably a common complication; however, further prospective studies are required to confirm these results to develop additional algorithms for the treatment and prevention of renal disorders in patients with acute leukemia after HSCT.

Relevance: Acute renal kidney injury is a severe complication in patients with acute leukemia who underwent hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). According to statistics, acute renal dysfunction often occurs in the first 100 days after HSCT. This study aimed to evaluate kidney function in patients with acute leukemia after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Methods: The article presents clinical cases of patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia who developed acute renal failure after HSCT. The dynamics of the functional state of kidneys in patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia after HSCT are described. Results: The acute kidney disorder in the studied patients was mainly caused by HSCT complications. We have identified renal kidney damage in the form of acute tumor lysis and thrombotic microangiopathy. Conclusion: Patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia risk developing acute kidney disorder during HSCT, which requires careful monitoring of kidney function, especially in the early post-transplant period

Актуальность: Ревматоидный артрит (РА) является одним из тяжелых иммуновоспалительных заболеваний суставов, распространенность которого составляет 0,5-2% среди взрослого трудоспособного населения. При этом РА встречается у женщин в 2-3 раза чаще, чем у мужчин. В Республике Казахстан распространенность РА составляет 0,36–0,38%, а заболеваемость равна 0,085–0,087%. Основу патогенеза РА составляют нарушения иммунного ответа, а лимфоцитарная и цитокиновая системы осуществляют важную роль в возникновении и прогрессировании заболевания. Цель: Систематический поиск и анализ научной информации об иммунологическом профиле пациентов при ревматоидном артрите. Стратегия поиска: Данная обзорная статья выполнена в рамках исследования по проекту AР08052703 "Определение микробиотических и геномных биомаркеров ревматоидного артрита в Казахстанской популяции". Поиск научных публикаций проводился в базах данных PubMed, EMBASE, Elsiever, Medline, в специализированной поисковой системе GoogleScholar. Результаты: Патофизиология ревматоидного артрита, характеризуется устойчивым высоким уровнем провоспалительных (включая TNF-α, IL-1, IL-6 и др.) и сниженным уровнем противовоспалительных цитокинов (как IL-1ra, IL-4, IL-13 и др.) в сыворотке крови и прилегающем к кости отделе. Многие источники сообщают о результатах солидарных с вышеизложенными данными, однако встречаются и противоречивые данные относительно концентрации отдельных цитокинов (например, IL-2, IL-13 и др.). Выводы: Иммунологический профиль пациентов с РА в настоящее время является актуальной и недостаточно изученной проблемой, в том числе и в Казахстане. Учитывая иммунопатогенетические данные, заболеваемость, высокую инвалидизацию и экономический ущерб РА, безусловно, данная проблема требует особого внимания. Relevance: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is one of the severe immuno-inflammatory diseases of the joints, the prevalence of which is 0.5-2% among the adult employable population. Meanwhile, RA occurs in women 2-3 times more often than in men. In the Republic of Kazakhstan, the prevalence of RA is 0.36-0.38%, and the incidence is 0.085-0.087%. It is known that disorders of the immune response underlie the pathogenesis of RA, while an important role in the occurrence and progression of the disease belongs to the lymphocytic and cytokine systems. Objective: To carry out the systematic search and analysis of scientific information about the immunological profile of RA patients. Search strategy and methods: This review article was accomplished within the framework of the AР08052703 project "Determination of microbiotic and genomic biomarkers of rheumatoid arthritis in the Kazakhstan population". The search for scientific publications was carried out in the databases PubMed, EMBASE, Elsiever, Medline, in the specialized search engine GoogleScholar. Results: The pathophysiology of rheumatoid arthritis is characterized by a stable high level of pro-inflammatory (including TNF-α, IL-1, IL-6, etc.) and a reduced level of anti-inflammatory cytokines (such as IL-1ra, IL-4, IL-13, etc.) in the blood serum and adjacent to the bone part. Many sources report results in solidarity with the data above, however, there are also contradictory data regarding the concentration of individual cytokines (for instance, IL-2, IL-13, etc.). Conclusion: The immunological profile of patients RA is currently an urgent and insufficiently studied problem, including in Kazakhstan. Considering the immunopathogenetic data, morbidity, high disability and economic damage to RA, this problem, definitely, requires special attention. Өзектілігі: Ревматоидты артрит (РА) буындардың ауыр иммундық қабыну ауруларының бірі болып саналады, оның таралуы ересек еңбекке қабілетті тұрғындар арасында 0,5-2% құрайды. Сонымен қатар РА әйелдерде ерлерден қарағанда 2-3 есе жиі кездеседі. Қазақстан Республикасында РА таралуы 0,36–0,38%-ды құрайды, ал аурушаңдығы 0,085-0,087%-ға тең. Иммундық жауаптың бұзылуы РА патогенезінің негізін құрайды, ал аурудың пайда болуы мен өршуінде лимфоциттік және цитокиндік жүйелер маңызды рөл атқарады. Мақсаты: Ревматоидты артрит кезіндегі пациенттердің...

BACKGROUND: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) prevalence according to the worldwide epidemiological data varies from 0.4% to 1.3%. The disability and mortality rate in RA is high. RA clinic is various, and compiles from articular and systemic manifestations. AIM: The aim of our study was to investigate the clinical course of RA in Kazakhstani patients living in North region of our country. METHODS: The 81 women at the age of 30–55 years with a verified diagnosis of RA who have lived in Kazakhstan for at least 10 years were recruited to the study. All participants were examined by the rheumatologist and a standard laboratory examination was carried out. Statistical analysis was conducted in IBM SPSS Statistics 26 software (IBM.USA;1). RESULTS: The statistically significant higher frequency of erosive radiological stages, bone ankylosis (χ2 = 18.070 df = 6 p = 0.005) was found in seropositive (rheumatoid factor [RF]+) anti-citrullinated protein/peptide antibody positive (ACPA+) subgroup. The correlation analysis showed strong association between certain RA form activity and inflammatory markers, as well as disease triggers. The discriminant model which predicts the stage of radiological damage was obtained. The sensitivity of model in predicting X-ray Stage I-71.6%, Stage II-29.4%, Stage III-37.5%, and Stage IV-63.6%. CONCLUSION: The debut of the RA on average occurred in the third decade of the patients’ life. The joint syndrome had a more unfavorable character RF+ACPA+ patients’ subgroup; however, RF+ACPA-negative (ACPA-) subgroup also showed a predisposition to poorer prognosis. The obtained discriminant model may be useful for RA patients’ management.