Dr. Rafael Coveñas works as an Associate Professor of Cell Biology in the Faculty of Biology, University of Salamanca (Spain), and the Head of the Laboratory of Neuroanatomy of the Peptidergic Systems at the Institute of Neuroscience of Castilla y León (INCYL, Spain). He received a Ph.D. degree in Biological Sciences from the Faculty of Biology, University of Sevilla (Spain), in 1982. From 1983 to 1984, he was the recipient of a Research Fellowship at the Institut de Neurobiologie des Signaux Intercellulaires (University Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris VI, France), and, in 1992, he worked in the Department of Histology and Neurobiology at Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. He has published 299 scientific articles/books/book chapters. He has been a reviewer of 31 scientific journals. His specific areas of interest are (1) neuropeptides and, specifically, their distribution and functions in the mammalian brain and (2) neuropeptides and cancer. In 2014, he received the “María de Maeztu" Award from the University of Salamanca for scientific excellence and, since January 2020, has been part of the Editorial Board of the journal Cancers. Please check meaning retained.