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Malgorzata Szostek
Department of Soil Science, Environmental Chemistry and Hydrology, College of Natural Sciences, University of Rzeszów, Zelwerowicza 8B, 35-601 Rzeszów, Poland

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Journal article
Published: 23 January 2021 in Applied Sciences
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The entomological material was collected in the years 2009–2012 and 2014 from 13 different habitat types from three localities in south-eastern Poland. In total, 11,095 Silphidae were collected. This study examined whether the percentage of individual soil granulometric fractions was significantly related to the total abundance of collected Silphidae and individual carrion beetle species. A positive correlation and a statistically significant correlation were found between the total number of specimens collected and the share of the mechanical fraction with a diameter of 0.05–0.002 mm (silt fraction). In three species, a statistically significant correlation was demonstrated between the number of collected Silphidae and the share of the mechanical fraction with a diameter of 2–0.05 mm (sand fraction). The two species Phosphuga atrata atrata and Nicrophorus vespilloides the correlation was positive. A statistically significant relationship was also observed for Thanatophilus sinuatus, but the correlation was negative. With regard to the mechanical fraction with a diameter Oiceoptoma thoracicum and for Nicrophorus vespilloides for which the correlation was negative. However, a positive correlation was found for T. sinuatus in this case.

ACS Style

Karolina Konieczna; Zbigniew W. Czerniakowski; Małgorzata Szostek. Effect of Granulometric Composition of the Soil on the Occurrence of Carrion Beetles (Coleoptera: Silphidae). Applied Sciences 2021, 11, 1017 .

AMA Style

Karolina Konieczna, Zbigniew W. Czerniakowski, Małgorzata Szostek. Effect of Granulometric Composition of the Soil on the Occurrence of Carrion Beetles (Coleoptera: Silphidae). Applied Sciences. 2021; 11 (3):1017.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Karolina Konieczna; Zbigniew W. Czerniakowski; Małgorzata Szostek. 2021. "Effect of Granulometric Composition of the Soil on the Occurrence of Carrion Beetles (Coleoptera: Silphidae)." Applied Sciences 11, no. 3: 1017.

Journal article
Published: 09 April 2020 in Applied Sciences
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This manuscript presents the effect of foliar and soil fertilizer produced from thermally processed bone waste on the initial growth and development of maize plants. The developed fertilizers were tested in three different doses in a pot experiment. Because nutrient deficiency interferes with plant physiological processes, the impact of the developed fertilizers on gas exchange parameters, relative chlorophyll content, and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters were assessed. Based on the conducted research, it was found that fertilization with developed foliar and soil fertilizers increased the relative content of chlorophyll in maize leaves and increased the value of gas exchange parameters and chlorophyll fluorescence. All determined parameters of gas exchange and chlorophyll fluorescence showed a positive correlation depending on the dose of foliar fertilization used (average value r = 0.8414). In turn, the soil fertilization that was utilized during the experiment significantly correlated only with the content of chlorophyll (r = 0.6965). The tested fertilizers improvement of the physiological parameters of the plants, which indicates the fertilizing efficiency of the tested fertilizers.

ACS Style

Natalia Matlok; Małgorzata Szostek; Piotr Antos; Grażyna Gajdek; Józef Gorzelany; Dorota Bobrecka-Jamro; Maciej Balawejder. Effect of Foliar and Soil Fertilization with New Products Based on Calcinated Bones on Selected Physiological Parameters of Maize Plants. Applied Sciences 2020, 10, 2579 .

AMA Style

Natalia Matlok, Małgorzata Szostek, Piotr Antos, Grażyna Gajdek, Józef Gorzelany, Dorota Bobrecka-Jamro, Maciej Balawejder. Effect of Foliar and Soil Fertilization with New Products Based on Calcinated Bones on Selected Physiological Parameters of Maize Plants. Applied Sciences. 2020; 10 (7):2579.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Natalia Matlok; Małgorzata Szostek; Piotr Antos; Grażyna Gajdek; Józef Gorzelany; Dorota Bobrecka-Jamro; Maciej Balawejder. 2020. "Effect of Foliar and Soil Fertilization with New Products Based on Calcinated Bones on Selected Physiological Parameters of Maize Plants." Applied Sciences 10, no. 7: 2579.

Journal article
Published: 12 February 2020 in Sustainability
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In the presented manuscript, the method of production, mechanism of action and the potential fertilizing effect of fertilizer soil microgranules, characterized by a controlled release of ingredients, that were produced from thermally processed bone waste and protein were described. The prepared fertilizer was tested in 3 doses in a pot experiment and thereafter the selected dose of 30 kg ha−1 was utilized in field conditions. The applied dose of fertilizer caused an average increase of maize yield of 620 kg ha−1 (grain moisture 14%). It was found that the obtained increase of maize did not result from the amount of supplied micro and macro elements to the soil, but it was a consequence of the fertilizer’s mechanism of action. It was shown that the release of nitrogen in ammonium form from protein degradation due to the influence of fertilizer components and water had impact on the intensive growth and development of plant root system. This resulted in an increase in plant resistance to water stress during the growing season and consequently, greater yield. The developed soil fertilizer (produced mainly from the processed waste) with the proposed mechanism of action should be successfully applied in fertilizing plants that are grown in areas characterized by cyclical water shortages during the growing season

ACS Style

Maciej Balawejder; Małgorzata Szostek; Józef Gorzelany; Piotr Antos; Grzegorz Witek; Natalia Matłok. A Study on the Potential Fertilization Effects of Microgranule Fertilizer Based on the Protein and Calcined Bones in Maize Cultivation. Sustainability 2020, 12, 1343 .

AMA Style

Maciej Balawejder, Małgorzata Szostek, Józef Gorzelany, Piotr Antos, Grzegorz Witek, Natalia Matłok. A Study on the Potential Fertilization Effects of Microgranule Fertilizer Based on the Protein and Calcined Bones in Maize Cultivation. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (4):1343.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Maciej Balawejder; Małgorzata Szostek; Józef Gorzelany; Piotr Antos; Grzegorz Witek; Natalia Matłok. 2020. "A Study on the Potential Fertilization Effects of Microgranule Fertilizer Based on the Protein and Calcined Bones in Maize Cultivation." Sustainability 12, no. 4: 1343.

Journal article
Published: 24 January 2020 in Sustainability
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Due to a variety of physicochemical properties of the sewage sludge the selection of proper methods for its stabilization is difficult. In this work, the effect of ozone treatment on physico-chemical and microbiological parameters of sludge was investigated. Ozonation was carried out using a counter-current bed reactor, which ensures optimal mass transfer and the contact time of ozone with excessive sediment. The ozonation process was carried out for 15, 30, 45 and 60 min at an ozone concentration of 90–110 ppm. As a result of the ozone treatment it was possible to reduce the number of colony forming units. Also the potential for dewatering of the sludge improved while the total solids of the sludge did not change. The values of COD and BOD5 increased with time of the process.

ACS Style

Patryk Kosowski; Małgorzata Szostek; Rafał Pieniążek; Piotr Antos; Karol Skrobacz; Tomasz Piechowiak; Anna Żaczek; Radosław Józefczyk; Maciej Balawejder. New Approach for Sewage Sludge Stabilization with Ozone. Sustainability 2020, 12, 886 .

AMA Style

Patryk Kosowski, Małgorzata Szostek, Rafał Pieniążek, Piotr Antos, Karol Skrobacz, Tomasz Piechowiak, Anna Żaczek, Radosław Józefczyk, Maciej Balawejder. New Approach for Sewage Sludge Stabilization with Ozone. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (3):886.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Patryk Kosowski; Małgorzata Szostek; Rafał Pieniążek; Piotr Antos; Karol Skrobacz; Tomasz Piechowiak; Anna Żaczek; Radosław Józefczyk; Maciej Balawejder. 2020. "New Approach for Sewage Sludge Stabilization with Ozone." Sustainability 12, no. 3: 886.

Journal article
Published: 25 September 2019 in Sustainability
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Phosphorus is a biogenic element with a high importance within the food chain. Regrettably, there are limited amounts of phosphorus within minerals naturally occurring in the environment. Its scarcity leads to a necessity of closed loop economy, where this element could be obtained by the processing of various waste materials. Modern agriculture needs to provide sufficient amounts of phosphorus to plant organisms encountering problems with the bioavailability of nutrition. In this research, a post-processed animal waste material (calcined bone) was utilized to reclaim phosphorus and reintroduce it into the environment in a form of foliar fertilizer. The calcined bones were subjected to chemical transformation with nitric acid solution. The solubilization of bones was followed by laboratory-scale pot experiments, in which the fertilizer was used for the cultivation of maize plants. In the field experiments, the fertilizer was additionally fortified with boron and molybdenum elements. It was observed that the utilization of the fertilizer had a positive impact on maize plants, i.e., improvement in the biomass production of aboveground and underground parts of the plants. The amount of chlorophyll increased in comparison to control plants. Maize grain production was increased by approximately 600 kg ha−1).

ACS Style

Maciej Balawejder; Natalia Matłok; Józef Gorzelany; Marcin Pieniążek; Piotr Antos; Grzegorz Witek; Malgorzata Szostek. Foliar Fertilizer Based on Calcined Bones, Boron and Molybdenum—A Study on the Development and Potential Effects on Maize Grain Production. Sustainability 2019, 11, 5287 .

AMA Style

Maciej Balawejder, Natalia Matłok, Józef Gorzelany, Marcin Pieniążek, Piotr Antos, Grzegorz Witek, Malgorzata Szostek. Foliar Fertilizer Based on Calcined Bones, Boron and Molybdenum—A Study on the Development and Potential Effects on Maize Grain Production. Sustainability. 2019; 11 (19):5287.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Maciej Balawejder; Natalia Matłok; Józef Gorzelany; Marcin Pieniążek; Piotr Antos; Grzegorz Witek; Malgorzata Szostek. 2019. "Foliar Fertilizer Based on Calcined Bones, Boron and Molybdenum—A Study on the Development and Potential Effects on Maize Grain Production." Sustainability 11, no. 19: 5287.

Journal article
Published: 01 August 2019 in Chemosphere
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The study aimed to evaluate the physiological mechanisms underlying differences in metals and metalloid uptake and tolerance of two tree species cultivated in mining waste material. Two-year old Acer platanoides L. and Tilia cordata Mill. were cultivated in mining sludge characterized by high pH, salinity and an extremely high concentration of As. Both species were able to develop leaves from leafless seedlings, however, their total biomass was greatly reduced in comparison to control plants, following the severe disturbances in chlorophyll content. Phytoextraction abilities were observed for T. cordata for Ba, Nb, Rb and Se, and phytostabilisation was stated for Pd, Ru, Sc and Sm for both species, Ba and Nd for A. platonoides and Be for T. cordata only. Metal exclusion was observed for the majority of detected elements indicating an intense limitation of metal transport to photosynthetic tissue. A diversified uptake of elements was accompanied by a species-specific pattern of physiological reaction during the cultivation in sludge. Organic ligands (glutatnione and low-molecular-weight organic acids) were suppressed in A. platanoides, and enhanced biosynthesis of phenolic compounds was observed for both species, being more pronounced in T. cordata. Despite its higher accumulation of key metabolites for plant reaction to oxidative stress, such as phenolic acids, flavonoids and organic ligands, T. cordata exhibited relatively lower tolerance to sludge, probably due to the increased uptake and translocation rate of toxic metal/loids to aerial organs and/or restricted accumulation of salicylic acid which is known to play a decisive role in mechanisms of plant tolerance.

ACS Style

Kinga Drzewiecka; Aneta Piechalak; Piotr Goliński; Monika Gąsecka; Zuzanna Magdziak; Malgorzata Szostek; Sylwia Budzyńska; Przemysław Niedzielski; Mirosław Mleczek. Differences of Acer platanoides L. and Tilia cordata Mill. Response patterns/survival strategies during cultivation in extremely polluted mining sludge – A pot trial. Chemosphere 2019, 229, 589 -601.

AMA Style

Kinga Drzewiecka, Aneta Piechalak, Piotr Goliński, Monika Gąsecka, Zuzanna Magdziak, Malgorzata Szostek, Sylwia Budzyńska, Przemysław Niedzielski, Mirosław Mleczek. Differences of Acer platanoides L. and Tilia cordata Mill. Response patterns/survival strategies during cultivation in extremely polluted mining sludge – A pot trial. Chemosphere. 2019; 229 ():589-601.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Kinga Drzewiecka; Aneta Piechalak; Piotr Goliński; Monika Gąsecka; Zuzanna Magdziak; Malgorzata Szostek; Sylwia Budzyńska; Przemysław Niedzielski; Mirosław Mleczek. 2019. "Differences of Acer platanoides L. and Tilia cordata Mill. Response patterns/survival strategies during cultivation in extremely polluted mining sludge – A pot trial." Chemosphere 229, no. : 589-601.

Comparative study
Published: 14 May 2019 in Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Part A
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The aim of this study was to determine the phytoextraction of inorganic (As(III), As(V)) and organic arsenic (Asorg) forms in six tree species: Acer platanoides, Acer pseudoplatanus, Betula pendula, Quercus robur, Tilia cordata and Ulmus laevis. Plants were grown in a pot experiment using As-polluted mining sludge for 90 days. Arsenic (Astotal) was accumulated mainly in the roots of all six tree species, which were generally thinner, shorter and/or black after the experiment. The highest concentration of As(III) and As(V) was determined in the roots of A. pseudoplatanus and A. platanoides (174 and 420 mg kg−1, respectively). High concentrations of As(III) were also recorded in the shoots of B. pendula (11.9 mg kg−1) and As(V) in the aerial parts of U. laevis and A. pseudoplatanus (77.4 and 70.1 mg kg−1). With some exceptions, the dominant form in the tree organs was Asorg, present in mining sludge in low concentration. This form has a decisive influence on As phytoextraction by young tree seedlings even though its BCF value was the only one lower than 1. The obtained results highlight the important role of speciation studies in assessing the response of plants growing in heavily polluted mining sludge.

ACS Style

Sylwia Budzyńska; Patrycja Mleczek; Malgorzata Szostek; Piotr Goliński; Przemyslaw Niedzielski; Janina Kaniuczak; Iwona Rissmann; Ewa Rymaniak; Mirosław Mleczek. Phytoextraction of arsenic forms in selected tree species growing in As-polluted mining sludge. Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Part A 2019, 54, 933 -942.

AMA Style

Sylwia Budzyńska, Patrycja Mleczek, Malgorzata Szostek, Piotr Goliński, Przemyslaw Niedzielski, Janina Kaniuczak, Iwona Rissmann, Ewa Rymaniak, Mirosław Mleczek. Phytoextraction of arsenic forms in selected tree species growing in As-polluted mining sludge. Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Part A. 2019; 54 (9):933-942.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Sylwia Budzyńska; Patrycja Mleczek; Malgorzata Szostek; Piotr Goliński; Przemyslaw Niedzielski; Janina Kaniuczak; Iwona Rissmann; Ewa Rymaniak; Mirosław Mleczek. 2019. "Phytoextraction of arsenic forms in selected tree species growing in As-polluted mining sludge." Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Part A 54, no. 9: 933-942.

Journal article
Published: 07 November 2018 in Journal of Elementology
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ACS Style

Monika Mierzwa-Hersztek; Krzysztof Gondek; Agnieszka Nawrocka; Hanna Pińkowska; Tomasz Bajda; Jadwiga Stanek-Tarkowska; Malgorzata Szostek. FT-IR analysis and the content of phenolic compounds in exogenous organic matter produced from plant biomass. Journal of Elementology 2018, 1 .

AMA Style

Monika Mierzwa-Hersztek, Krzysztof Gondek, Agnieszka Nawrocka, Hanna Pińkowska, Tomasz Bajda, Jadwiga Stanek-Tarkowska, Malgorzata Szostek. FT-IR analysis and the content of phenolic compounds in exogenous organic matter produced from plant biomass. Journal of Elementology. 2018; (3/2019):1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Monika Mierzwa-Hersztek; Krzysztof Gondek; Agnieszka Nawrocka; Hanna Pińkowska; Tomasz Bajda; Jadwiga Stanek-Tarkowska; Malgorzata Szostek. 2018. "FT-IR analysis and the content of phenolic compounds in exogenous organic matter produced from plant biomass." Journal of Elementology , no. 3/2019: 1.

Original paper
Published: 15 September 2018 in International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology
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The phytoextraction of toxic elements present in industrial wastes by selected tree species seems to offer an interesting alternative to hyperaccumulators, which are generally highly effective but small. For this reason, the study aimed to compare the potential of 1- and 2-year-old Tilia cordata Miller and Ulmus laevis Pall seedlings growing on a mixture of wastes (flotation tailings and sewage sludges) in the environment. One-year-old T. cordata was the only plant unable to grow successfully. A general decrease in tree biomass was observed following their growth on the waste mixture. The mean biomass of 2-year-old T. cordata and U. laevis seedlings was 59.5 ± 1.6 and 57.0 ± 8.6 g, respectively, whereas that of 1-year-old T. cordata was 16.0 ± 9.3 g. These values were 46.2, 48.0 and 50.5% lower than those determined for the control trees. Phytoextraction of 67 elements in particular organs of trees in many cases was significantly diverse. According to the Friedman rank sum test, T. cordata (1y) and U. laevis (2y) growing in soil were the only plants that differed as regards their ability to phytoextract elements. In the case of trees growing on the waste mixture, the most effective accumulating plants were seedlings of 2-year-old T. cordata. Significantly lower efficiency was observed for 2-year-old U. laevis, while the lowest efficiency was recorded for 1-year-old T. cordata. The obtained results unambiguously pointed to the significant role of a proper selection of tree species concerning their age for phytoextraction of elements from polluted substrates.

ACS Style

M. Mleczek; Pawel Rutkowski; J. Kaniuczak; M. Szostek; A. Budka; Z. Magdziak; S. Budzyńska; N. Kuczyńska-Kippen; P. Niedzielski. The significance of selected tree species age in their efficiency in elements phytoextraction from wastes mixture. International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology 2018, 16, 3579 -3594.

AMA Style

M. Mleczek, Pawel Rutkowski, J. Kaniuczak, M. Szostek, A. Budka, Z. Magdziak, S. Budzyńska, N. Kuczyńska-Kippen, P. Niedzielski. The significance of selected tree species age in their efficiency in elements phytoextraction from wastes mixture. International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology. 2018; 16 (7):3579-3594.

Chicago/Turabian Style

M. Mleczek; Pawel Rutkowski; J. Kaniuczak; M. Szostek; A. Budka; Z. Magdziak; S. Budzyńska; N. Kuczyńska-Kippen; P. Niedzielski. 2018. "The significance of selected tree species age in their efficiency in elements phytoextraction from wastes mixture." International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology 16, no. 7: 3579-3594.

Journal article
Published: 15 August 2018 in Chemosphere
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The aim of the study was to compare specimens of Salix viminalis L. able to grow in polluted mining sludge (A1) with specimens of the same willow clone growing in two unpolluted areas (A2 and A3). Plants from the polluted area were characterized by the highest accumulation of the majority of elements in their organs with a clear limitation of their uptake to roots and effective translocation to aboveground organs. Willows from the unpolluted areas were characterized by significantly higher biomass than the treated plants, as shown in the content of cellulose/holocellulose. The different chemical characteristics of the substrates influenced tree physiology, including the organic acids and phenolic compounds profile and/or content. The total content of organic acids in lateral roots was higher for S. viminalis L. grown in unpolluted areas, while for leaves the opposite situation was observed. However, their creation was significantly correlated with the content of the majority of elements in the organs of S. viminalis L. Enhanced synthesis of phenolic compounds in roots (besides quercetin) and in leaves (besides myricetin and quercetin) was confirmed in the polluted area, and correlated with metal content in plant organs. Resilient plants characterized not only by their survivability but also by their effective phytoextraction of toxic metals, have great potential for widespread practical application on highly polluted mining sludge and for reducing the associated threat to human health. The obtained results suggest that further investigation of these plants is necessary to determine the mechanism(s) responsible for their high survivability.

ACS Style

Mirosław Mleczek; Monika Gąsecka; Bogusława Waliszewska; Zuzanna Magdziak; Malgorzata Szostek; Paweł Rutkowski; Janina Kaniuczak; Magdalena Zborowska; Sylwia Budzyńska; Patrycja Mleczek; Przemysław Niedzielski. Salix viminalis L. - A highly effective plant in phytoextraction of elements. Chemosphere 2018, 212, 67 -78.

AMA Style

Mirosław Mleczek, Monika Gąsecka, Bogusława Waliszewska, Zuzanna Magdziak, Malgorzata Szostek, Paweł Rutkowski, Janina Kaniuczak, Magdalena Zborowska, Sylwia Budzyńska, Patrycja Mleczek, Przemysław Niedzielski. Salix viminalis L. - A highly effective plant in phytoextraction of elements. Chemosphere. 2018; 212 ():67-78.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mirosław Mleczek; Monika Gąsecka; Bogusława Waliszewska; Zuzanna Magdziak; Malgorzata Szostek; Paweł Rutkowski; Janina Kaniuczak; Magdalena Zborowska; Sylwia Budzyńska; Patrycja Mleczek; Przemysław Niedzielski. 2018. "Salix viminalis L. - A highly effective plant in phytoextraction of elements." Chemosphere 212, no. : 67-78.

Journal article
Published: 28 September 2016 in Geoderma
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Forests play an extremely important role in the formation of water circulation in a catchment. Despite numerous studies concerning the relations between forest and water, many problems still remain unexplained. Among them is the influence of the species composition in a stand on the water storage capacity of forest soils, especially of their surface horizons, whose physico-chemical properties are directly affected by the stand. The knowledge of those interactions is significant not only in the aspect of modelling of hydrological phenomena occurring in forest ecosystems but may also be helpful in indicating the directions of stand rebuilding aimed at extending the water-protective functions of forest. The aim of the present research is to analyse the influence of the bulk density and the index of decomposition of organic matter on the water storage capacity of the surface layers of forest soils formed under beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) and fir (Abies alba Mill.) stands in southern Poland. The water storage capacity of individual forest soil horizons shows a distinct relationship with their bulk density. In beech and fir stands there is a critical value of bulk density, amounting to 0.48 and 0.51 g·cm− 3, which corresponds to culmination of the water storage capacity. A strong correlation has been shown between water storage capacity and the index of decomposition of beech and fir organic matter. It has also been found that the index of decomposition of organic matter and the degree of saturation, an indicator of water-filled voids in the soil, can constitute useful measures for describing and comparing the water storage capacity of the surface layers of forest soils formed under stands with a different species composition.

ACS Style

Anna Ilek; Jarosław Kucza; Malgorzata Szostek. The effect of the bulk density and the decomposition index of organic matter on the water storage capacity of the surface layers of forest soils. Geoderma 2016, 285, 27 -34.

AMA Style

Anna Ilek, Jarosław Kucza, Malgorzata Szostek. The effect of the bulk density and the decomposition index of organic matter on the water storage capacity of the surface layers of forest soils. Geoderma. 2016; 285 ():27-34.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Anna Ilek; Jarosław Kucza; Malgorzata Szostek. 2016. "The effect of the bulk density and the decomposition index of organic matter on the water storage capacity of the surface layers of forest soils." Geoderma 285, no. : 27-34.

Journal article
Published: 29 June 2016 in Waste and Biomass Valorization
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The chemical composition of biochars varies considerably depending on the chemical composition of biomass used for its production and conditions of the thermal conversion process. In the context of chemical composition, biochars are different from other types of organic matter in that they contain many more aromatic carbon compounds. The aims of this study were as follows: (1) to investigate the effect of pyrolysis process of plant material on the concentrations of macroelements, trace elements and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the biochars; (2) to evaluate the ecotoxicity of the biochars; (3) to integrate chemical and toxicity properties of biochars in order to assess their safe utilisation as fertiliser materials. It was found that the elemental composition, the contents of macronutrients and trace elements in biochars were determined by the type of converted biomass. In the case of contents of volatile elements, such as nitrogen and sulphur, the process conditions were of great importance. Among the analysed trace elements, only the cadmium content exceeded the limit value for premium class biochars. The process of thermal conversion of organic materials did not cause mobilisation of available forms of most of the studied trace elements. In the course of the study, it was found that the extracts from wheat straw biochar (WSB) were low-toxic, while the extracts from biochars derived from rape straw (RSB), Miscanthus straw (MSB), sawdust (SB), bark (BB) and leaves of trees (LTB) were highly toxic to V. fischeri. Based on the response of the test organism, the analysed biochars were arranged in the following order: WSB < BB < RSB < LTB < MSB < SB. The highest total content of PAHs (∑ 16 PAHs) was determined in rape straw biochar, and the lowest, in sawdust biochar. The studies revealed a negative correlation between the content of most of PAHs and inhibition of Vibrio fischeri luminescence.

ACS Style

Krzysztof Gondek; M. Mierzwa-Hersztek; A. Baran; Malgorzata Szostek; Rafał Pieniążek; Jadwiga Stanek-Tarkowska; Teresa Noga. The Effect of Low-Temperature Conversion of Plant Materials on the Chemical Composition and Ecotoxicity of Biochars. Waste and Biomass Valorization 2016, 8, 599 -609.

AMA Style

Krzysztof Gondek, M. Mierzwa-Hersztek, A. Baran, Malgorzata Szostek, Rafał Pieniążek, Jadwiga Stanek-Tarkowska, Teresa Noga. The Effect of Low-Temperature Conversion of Plant Materials on the Chemical Composition and Ecotoxicity of Biochars. Waste and Biomass Valorization. 2016; 8 (3):599-609.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Krzysztof Gondek; M. Mierzwa-Hersztek; A. Baran; Malgorzata Szostek; Rafał Pieniążek; Jadwiga Stanek-Tarkowska; Teresa Noga. 2016. "The Effect of Low-Temperature Conversion of Plant Materials on the Chemical Composition and Ecotoxicity of Biochars." Waste and Biomass Valorization 8, no. 3: 599-609.

Journal article
Published: 14 September 2014 in European Journal of Forest Research
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The dynamics of litterfall and its quantitative differentiation in stands with different species composition suggest that the origin of the organic matter accumulated in the organic horizons of forest soils affects their physical properties, and thus, their ability to retain rainwater. The main aim of the study was to determine the physical properties, the degree of decomposition and capillary capacity of individual ectohumus sublevels of mountain forest soils, formed under fir stands ( Mill.) and beech stands ( L.), and to compare them with the physical and retention properties of the organic horizons of spruce stands [ (L.) H. Karst], as determined by Kucza (). The study was conducted on soil monoliths, sampled in a way that allowed preserving their natural structure. For individual ectohumus sublevels contained in the monoliths, the content and degree of decomposition of organic matter, bulk density, total porosity and capillary capacity were determined. It has been shown that the capillary capacity of the litter layer (Ol) differed significantly between beech, fir and spruce stands, assuming average values equal to 1.60 (±0.10), 2.76 (±0.11) and 4.44 (±0.10) mm HO in the layer of 1 cm, respectively. In the case of detritus (Ofh) horizons, the smallest water storage capacity characterized beech stands, wherein the capillary capacity was approximately 1.39 mm lower than in fir stands and over twice lower as compared to spruce stands.

ACS Style

Anna Ilek; Jarosław Kucza; Małgorzata Szostek. The effect of stand species composition on water storage capacity of the organic layers of forest soils. European Journal of Forest Research 2014, 134, 187 -197.

AMA Style

Anna Ilek, Jarosław Kucza, Małgorzata Szostek. The effect of stand species composition on water storage capacity of the organic layers of forest soils. European Journal of Forest Research. 2014; 134 (1):187-197.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Anna Ilek; Jarosław Kucza; Małgorzata Szostek. 2014. "The effect of stand species composition on water storage capacity of the organic layers of forest soils." European Journal of Forest Research 134, no. 1: 187-197.

Journal article
Published: 31 January 2014 in Annals of Forest Research
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ACS Style

Anna Ilek; Malgorzata Szostek; Jarosław Kucza; Jadwiga Stanek-Tarkowska; Wojciech Witek. The water absorbability of beech (Fagus sylvatica l.) and fir (Abies alba mill.) organic matter in the forest floor. Annals of Forest Research 2014, 62, 1 .

AMA Style

Anna Ilek, Malgorzata Szostek, Jarosław Kucza, Jadwiga Stanek-Tarkowska, Wojciech Witek. The water absorbability of beech (Fagus sylvatica l.) and fir (Abies alba mill.) organic matter in the forest floor. Annals of Forest Research. 2014; 62 (1):1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Anna Ilek; Malgorzata Szostek; Jarosław Kucza; Jadwiga Stanek-Tarkowska; Wojciech Witek. 2014. "The water absorbability of beech (Fagus sylvatica l.) and fir (Abies alba mill.) organic matter in the forest floor." Annals of Forest Research 62, no. 1: 1.