PVA/CuI polymer composite samples have been prepared and subjected to characterizations using FT-IR spectroscopy, DSC analysis, ac spectroscopy and dc conduction. The FT-IR spectral analysis shows remarkable variation of the absorption peak positions whereas DSC illustrates a little decrease of both glass transition temperature, Tg , and crystallization fraction, χ, with increasing CuI concentration. An increase of dc conductivity for PVA/CuI nano composite by increasing CuI concentration is recoded up to 15 wt%, besides it obeys Arhenuis plot with an activation energy in the range 0.54-1.32 eV. The frequency dependence of ac conductivity showed power law with an exponent 0.33 < s < 0.69 which predicts hopping conduction mechanism. The frequency dependence of both dielectric permittivity and dielectric loss obeys Debye dispersion relations in wide range of temperatures and frequency. Significant values of dipole relaxation time obtained which are thermally activated with activation energies in the range 0.33-0.87 eV. A significant value of hopping distance in the range 3.4-1.2 nm is estimated in agreement with the value of Bohr radius of the exciton.

Nanocrystalline Ni0.7−y Zn0.3Ca y Fe2O4 (0.0 ≤ y ≤ 0.7) has been obtained by soft coprecipitation method at different calcination temperatures. The influence of Ca2+ content and heat treatment on microstructure and magnetic properties are investigated using X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermal analysis, scanning electron microscope (SEM), atomic force microscope (AFM) and infrared (IR) spectroscopy. XRD analysis reveals single phase of spinel structure in ferrite with y = 0.2. An endothermic peak in DSC curve is appeared around 700 °C for all compositions due to collapse of the defective surface layer covers the grains. IR spectra for precursors or calcined ferrites shows the existence of bands characteristic for cubic spinel phase. The higher values for specific saturation magnetization (M s ) was obtained for ferrites calcined at 600 °C. Paramagnetic ordered particles was dominated when Ca2+ content increases more than 0.3. On the other hand, the coercivity of the present ferrites is strongly depends on Ca2+ content than calcination temperature.

TiO2 and ZnO thin films were deposited using two different techniques, DC magnetron plasma sputtering and pulsedlaser deposition, on glass substrates at different powers. The optical properties concerning the absorption, reflection andtransmission spectra were studied for the deposited thin films. Noticeable enhancement for all optical properties wasnoticed for PLD thin films. The surface morphology of the deposits materials has been studied using atomic forcemicroscope (AFM). The average surface roughness increasing from 3 by sputtering to 7 by PLD for TiO2 thin films andfrom 1 by sputtering to 9 by PLD for ZnO thin films.