Individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) often exhibit sensory over-responsivity (SOR), which is characterized by an overwhelmingly negative reaction to or avoidance of sensory stimulation. Despite the detrimental effects of SOR on people’s personal and social lives, the knowledge of and interventions for the issue remain limited. This paper collates and reviews studies on SOR and information on the potential for effective interventions for people with ASD. This review reveals evidence that SOR has a close relationship with anxiety, depression, insomnia, and family life impairment and an underlying mechanism related to SOR. Four interventions and their theoretical bases in sensory-motor processing are discussed in this paper, namely, physical activity (PA), sensory integration therapy (SIT), mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT), and cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT). These interventions focus on establishing coping strategies for regulating the emotional response to sensory information, and they have been found to be effective and to have the potential to help children with ASD reduce their SOR behaviors. This paper provides guidance for selecting appropriate interventions and for further investigation of more effective interventions in the future.

This letter presents an active three-way circulator with both theoretical analyzes and experimental verifications. The conventional active circulators have their limitations on power handling and noise figure (NF), however, this proposed structure maintains both performances, which is formed by three 2-port transistor feedback networks (TFNs). This TFN is formed by an FET together with a feedback inductor. Experimental results show that this circulator achieves the isolation more than 35 dB, the insertion of around 2 dB, and the return losses better than 10 dB at each port at 1.8 GHz. The output power is linearly proportional to the power operation and the NF is around 5 dB. This compact structure, therefore, is suitable for use in the transmit/receive front end with a sufficient isolation, power handling, and NF for time division duplex operation.

Ferrites are the traditional materials used in conventional passive circulators [1]-[3]. One of the first ferrite microwave circulators was the Faraday rotation circulator, which is based on Faraday rotation, the phenomenon that occurs when microwaves of a specific polarization are incident upon a ferrite material subjected to a magnetic field parallel to the direction of propagation. These circulators were later replaced by resonance isolators and differential phase shift circulators, which have higher power-handling characteristics and are simpler to construct. In 1964, the lumped-element circulator [4] was brought to the attention of the microwave industry. The lumped-element Y circulator uses ferrite and has a mesh mechanism in place of the ordinary strip-line circulator?s center conductor. Ferrites are too expensive and bulky for practical use in integrated circuits.

This paper focuses on a printed inverted-F antenna (PIFA) with meandering line and meandering shorting strip under 2.4 GHz industrial, scientific, and medical (ISM) band for Internet of things (IoT) applications. Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) technology is one of potential platforms and technologies for IoT applications under ISM band. Printed circuit board (PCB) antenna commonly used in commercial and medical applications because of its small size, low profile, and low cost compared to low temperature cofired ceramic (LTCC) technology. The proposed structure of PIFA is implemented on PCB to gain all these advantages. Replacing conventional PCB line in PIFA by the meandering line and meandering shorting strip improves the efficiency of the PIFA as well as the bandwidth. As a case study, design and measurement results of the proposed PIFA are presented.

This letter introduces an Internet of Things (IoT) acoustic-controlled pillow to reduce environmental noise, monitor snoring, and mitigate insomnia symptoms for enhancing sleep quality. The pillow offers a comprehensive sleep solution by integrating digital hardware active noise control (ANC) technology with an IoT snore tracker. The acoustic control component employs cost-effective digital circuits tailored for effective noise cancellation and music playback functionality, unlike systems using digital signal processors or field-programmable gate arrays. The IoT snore tracker component utilizes mel-frequency cepstral coefficients for precise snore detection, further supported by the capability to upload audio data for further analysis. This dual-functional design not only addresses environmental noise and mitigates insomnia symptoms effectively but also actively monitors snore-related disturbances. Comparative analysis underscores its affordability and practicality, positioning it as a favorable choice for consumers in noisy environments to aid relaxation and sleep induction.