Dr. Achille Iolascon is currently working as a full Professor of Medical Genetics at the University of Naples “Federico II”, Director of the Post-graduate School of Medical Genetics at the University Federico II of Naples, director of the Medical Genetics Unit at “Federico II” University/Hospital, and PI of the group of Medical Genetics of diseases of the developmental age at CEINGE—Biotecnologie Avanzate (Napoli). He received a graduate degree in medicine and surgery from the University of Naples “Federico II”, Napoli, Italy, a postgraduate degree in pediatrics and oncology, and a Ph.D. degree in Pediatrics in 1981, 1985, and 1986, respectively. He has also been the President of the Italian Society of Human Genetics since 2019. Since 1983, Prof. Iolascon has worked in the field of medical and human genetics. His research activity covers a broad range of arguments, ranging from pharmacogenetics, cancer genetics, and rare inherited diseases. In particular, he has reached international recognition in the field of genetics of hereditary anemias. Using continuously renewed methods in molecular biology and medical genetics, the group directed by Prof. Iolascon characterized several causative genes of hereditary anemias: SLC4A1, SEC23B, ABCB6, KCNN4, and PIEZO1. His research team is currently an international reference group for the genetics of rare hemolytic anemias, either due to hyporegenerative defects or erythrocyte membrane defects.