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To date, no evidence supports the fact that animals play a role in the epidemiology of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the causative agent of the coronavirus infectious disease 2019 (COVID-19). However, several animal species are naturally susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 infection. Besides pets (cats, dogs, Syrian hamsters, and ferrets) and farm animals (minks), different zoo animal species have tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 (large felids and non-human primates). After the summer of 2020, a second wave of SARS-CoV-2 infection occurred in Barcelona (Spain), reaching a peak of positive cases in November. During that period, four lions (Panthera leo) at the Barcelona Zoo and three caretakers developed respiratory signs and tested positive for the SARS-CoV-2 antigen. Lion infection was monitored for several weeks and nasal, fecal, saliva, and blood samples were taken at different time-points. SARS-CoV-2 RNA was detected in nasal samples from all studied lions and the viral RNA was detected up to two weeks after the initial viral positive test in three out of four animals. The SARS-CoV-2 genome was also detected in the feces of animals at different times. Virus isolation was successful only from respiratory samples of two lions at an early time-point. The four animals developed neutralizing antibodies after the infection that were detectable four months after the initial diagnosis. The partial SARS-CoV-2 genome sequence from one animal caretaker was identical to the sequences obtained from lions. Chronology of the events, the viral dynamics, and the genomic data support human-to-lion transmission as the origin of infection.
Hugo Fernández-Bellon; Jordi Rodon; Leira Fernández-Bastit; Vanessa Almagro; Pilar Padilla-Solé; Cristina Lorca-Oró; Rosa Valle; Núria Roca; Santina Grazioli; Tiziana Trogu; Albert Bensaid; Jorge Carrillo; Nuria Izquierdo-Useros; Julià Blanco; Mariona Parera; Marc Noguera-Julián; Bonaventura Clotet; Ana Moreno; Joaquim Segalés; Júlia Vergara-Alert. Monitoring Natural SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Lions (Panthera leo) at the Barcelona Zoo: Viral Dynamics and Host Responses. Viruses 2021, 13, 1683 .
AMA StyleHugo Fernández-Bellon, Jordi Rodon, Leira Fernández-Bastit, Vanessa Almagro, Pilar Padilla-Solé, Cristina Lorca-Oró, Rosa Valle, Núria Roca, Santina Grazioli, Tiziana Trogu, Albert Bensaid, Jorge Carrillo, Nuria Izquierdo-Useros, Julià Blanco, Mariona Parera, Marc Noguera-Julián, Bonaventura Clotet, Ana Moreno, Joaquim Segalés, Júlia Vergara-Alert. Monitoring Natural SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Lions (Panthera leo) at the Barcelona Zoo: Viral Dynamics and Host Responses. Viruses. 2021; 13 (9):1683.
Chicago/Turabian StyleHugo Fernández-Bellon; Jordi Rodon; Leira Fernández-Bastit; Vanessa Almagro; Pilar Padilla-Solé; Cristina Lorca-Oró; Rosa Valle; Núria Roca; Santina Grazioli; Tiziana Trogu; Albert Bensaid; Jorge Carrillo; Nuria Izquierdo-Useros; Julià Blanco; Mariona Parera; Marc Noguera-Julián; Bonaventura Clotet; Ana Moreno; Joaquim Segalés; Júlia Vergara-Alert. 2021. "Monitoring Natural SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Lions (Panthera leo) at the Barcelona Zoo: Viral Dynamics and Host Responses." Viruses 13, no. 9: 1683.
Vaccination against porcine circovirus 2 (PCV-2) is a common practice all over the world. Vaccines can prevent PCV-2-systemic disease (PCV-2-SD) outbreaks but not PCV-2 infection, which can be detectable in a percentage of vaccinated animals. Occasionally, PCV-2-SD is diagnosed in vaccinated farms. The objective of this study was to genotype the PCV-2 strains detected in vaccinated animals diagnosed with PCV-2-SD. Additionally, the evolution of the frequency of PCV-2 genotype detection at Spanish, European, and world levels was assessed. Fifty cases diagnosed as PCV-2-SD between 2009 and 2020 were included in this study. PCV-2 genotype was determined by sequencing the Cap gene region. Among them, only PCV-2b (23/50, 46%) and PCV-2d (27/50, 54%) genotypes were detected. Although the frequency of detection of these two genotypes was similar, their temporal distribution was different. Whereas most PCV-2b sequences (17/23, 74%) were detected between 2009 and 2012, PCV-2d sequences were obtained from 2013 to 2020. Indeed, a predominance of the PCV-2d genotype was observed from 2013 onwards, a trend also noticed at European and world levels. The results suggest that detection of particular genotypes in vaccinated animals probably reflects the general prevalence of the genotypes over time rather than genotype-specific vaccine-immunity escaping.
Marina Sibila; Caterina Rocco; Giovanni Franzo; Eva Huerta; Mariano Domingo; José Ignacio Núñez; Joaquim Segalés. Genotyping of Porcine Circovirus 2 (PCV-2) in Vaccinated Pigs Suffering from PCV-2-Systemic Disease between 2009 and 2020 in Spain. Pathogens 2021, 10, 1016 .
AMA StyleMarina Sibila, Caterina Rocco, Giovanni Franzo, Eva Huerta, Mariano Domingo, José Ignacio Núñez, Joaquim Segalés. Genotyping of Porcine Circovirus 2 (PCV-2) in Vaccinated Pigs Suffering from PCV-2-Systemic Disease between 2009 and 2020 in Spain. Pathogens. 2021; 10 (8):1016.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMarina Sibila; Caterina Rocco; Giovanni Franzo; Eva Huerta; Mariano Domingo; José Ignacio Núñez; Joaquim Segalés. 2021. "Genotyping of Porcine Circovirus 2 (PCV-2) in Vaccinated Pigs Suffering from PCV-2-Systemic Disease between 2009 and 2020 in Spain." Pathogens 10, no. 8: 1016.
Porcine circovirus 3 (PCV-3) has been detected in diseased and healthy pigs of different ages. Several reports have associated the agent with reproductive failure and mummified and stillborn piglets. One report from North America have proposed a consistent potential association with postweaning disorders. Thus, the present case report aimed to describe the histopathological lesions and their association with the presence of PCV-3 genome in postweaning pigs showing growth-retardation and thrown-back ears. All affected animals displayed multi-organic lymphoplasmacytic periarteritis, lymphocytic myocarditis, and/or lymphoplasmacytic meningoencephalitis. PCV-3 genetic material was detected by in situ hybridization within the lesions and confirmed by PCV-3 qPCR detection in tissues. This study represents the first report of PCV-3 associated with clinical disease in postweaning pigs in Europe. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved
Jaume Alomar; Viviane Saporiti; Mònica Pérez; Diogo Gonçalvez; Marina Sibila; Joaquim Segalés. Multisystemic lymphoplasmacytic inflammation associated with PCV‐3 in wasting pigs. Transboundary and Emerging Diseases 2021, 1 .
AMA StyleJaume Alomar, Viviane Saporiti, Mònica Pérez, Diogo Gonçalvez, Marina Sibila, Joaquim Segalés. Multisystemic lymphoplasmacytic inflammation associated with PCV‐3 in wasting pigs. Transboundary and Emerging Diseases. 2021; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJaume Alomar; Viviane Saporiti; Mònica Pérez; Diogo Gonçalvez; Marina Sibila; Joaquim Segalés. 2021. "Multisystemic lymphoplasmacytic inflammation associated with PCV‐3 in wasting pigs." Transboundary and Emerging Diseases , no. : 1.
This study aimed to evaluate the immune response and protection correlates against influenza virus (IV) infection in pigs vaccinated with the novel NG34 HA1 vaccine candidate adjuvanted with either CAF®01 or CDA/αGalCerMPEG (αGCM). Two groups of six pigs each were vaccinated intramuscularly twice with either NG34 + CAF®01 or NG34 + CDA/αGCM. As controls, groups of animals (n = 6 or 4) either non-vaccinated or vaccinated with human seasonal trivalent influenza vaccine or NG34 + Freund’s adjuvant were included in the study. All animal groups were challenged with the 2009 pandemic (pdm09) strain of H1N1 (total amount of 7 × 106 TCID50/mL) via intranasal and endotracheal routes 21 days after second vaccination. Reduced consolidated lung lesions were observed both on days three and seven post-challenge in the animals vaccinated with NG34 + CAF®01, whereas higher variability with relatively more severe lesions in pigs of the NG34 + CDA/αGCM group on day three post-infection. Among groups, animals vaccinated with NG34 + CDA/αGCM showed higher viral loads in the lung at seven days post infection whereas animals from NG34 + CAF®01 completely abolished virus from the lower respiratory tract. Similarly, higher IFNγ secretion and stronger IgG responses against the NG34 peptide in sera was observed in animals from the NG34 + CAF®01 group as compared to the NG34 + CDA/αGCM. NG34-vaccinated pigs with adjuvanted CAF®01 or CDA/αGCM combinations resulted in different immune responses as well as outcomes in pathology and viral shedding.
Sergi López-Serrano; Lorena Cordoba; Mónica Pérez-Maillo; Patricia Pleguezuelos; Edmond Remarque; Thomas Ebensen; Carlos Guzmán; Dennis Christensen; Joaquim Segalés; Ayub Darji. Immune Responses to Pandemic H1N1 Influenza Virus Infection in Pigs Vaccinated with a Conserved Hemagglutinin HA1 Peptide Adjuvanted with CAF®01 or CDA/αGalCerMPEG. Vaccines 2021, 9, 751 .
AMA StyleSergi López-Serrano, Lorena Cordoba, Mónica Pérez-Maillo, Patricia Pleguezuelos, Edmond Remarque, Thomas Ebensen, Carlos Guzmán, Dennis Christensen, Joaquim Segalés, Ayub Darji. Immune Responses to Pandemic H1N1 Influenza Virus Infection in Pigs Vaccinated with a Conserved Hemagglutinin HA1 Peptide Adjuvanted with CAF®01 or CDA/αGalCerMPEG. Vaccines. 2021; 9 (7):751.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSergi López-Serrano; Lorena Cordoba; Mónica Pérez-Maillo; Patricia Pleguezuelos; Edmond Remarque; Thomas Ebensen; Carlos Guzmán; Dennis Christensen; Joaquim Segalés; Ayub Darji. 2021. "Immune Responses to Pandemic H1N1 Influenza Virus Infection in Pigs Vaccinated with a Conserved Hemagglutinin HA1 Peptide Adjuvanted with CAF®01 or CDA/αGalCerMPEG." Vaccines 9, no. 7: 751.
Porcine circovirus 3 (PCV-3) was discovered in 2015 using next-generation sequencing (NGS) methods. Since then, the virus has been detected worldwide in pigs displaying several clinical–pathological outcomes as well as in healthy animals. The objective of this review is to critically discuss the evidence existing so far regarding PCV-3 as a swine pathogen. In fact, a significant number of publications claim PCV-3 as a disease causal infectious agent, but very few of them have shown strong evidence of such potential causality. The most convincing proofs of disease association are those that demonstrate a clinical picture linked to multisystemic lymphoplasmacytic to lymphohistiocytic perivascular inflammation and presence of viral nucleic acid within these lesions. Based on these evidence, individual case definitions for PCV-3-reproductive disease and PCV-3-systemic disease are proposed to standardize diagnostic criteria for PCV-3-associated diseases. However, the real frequency of these clinical–pathological conditions linked to the novel virus is unknown, and the most frequent outcome of PCV-3 infection is likely subclinical based on its worlwide distribution.
Viviane Saporiti; Giovanni Franzo; Marina Sibila; Joaquim Segalés. Porcine circovirus 3 (PCV‐3) as a causal agent of disease in swine and a proposal of PCV‐3 associated disease case definition. Transboundary and Emerging Diseases 2021, 1 .
AMA StyleViviane Saporiti, Giovanni Franzo, Marina Sibila, Joaquim Segalés. Porcine circovirus 3 (PCV‐3) as a causal agent of disease in swine and a proposal of PCV‐3 associated disease case definition. Transboundary and Emerging Diseases. 2021; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleViviane Saporiti; Giovanni Franzo; Marina Sibila; Joaquim Segalés. 2021. "Porcine circovirus 3 (PCV‐3) as a causal agent of disease in swine and a proposal of PCV‐3 associated disease case definition." Transboundary and Emerging Diseases , no. : 1.
With the spread of new variants of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), there is a need to assess the protection conferred by both previous infections and current vaccination. Here we tested the neutralizing activity of infected and/or vaccinated individuals against pseudoviruses expressing the spike of the original SARS-CoV-2 isolate Wuhan-Hu-1 (WH1), the D614G mutant and the B.1.1.7 variant. Our data show that parameters of natural infection (time from infection and nature of the infecting variant) determined cross-neutralization. Uninfected vaccinees showed a small reduction in neutralization against the B.1.1.7 variant compared to both the WH1 strain and the D614G mutant. Interestingly, upon vaccination, previously infected individuals developed more robust neutralizing responses against B.1.1.7, suggesting that vaccines can boost the neutralization breadth conferred by natural infection.
Benjamin Trinité; Edwards Pradenas; Silvia Marfil; Carla Rovirosa; Víctor Urrea; Ferran Tarrés-Freixas; Raquel Ortiz; Jordi Rodon; Júlia Vergara-Alert; Joaquim Segalés; Victor Guallar; Rosalba Lepore; Nuria Izquierdo-Useros; Glòria Trujillo; Jaume Trapé; Carolina González-Fernández; Antonia Flor; Rafel Pérez-Vidal; Ruth Toledo; Anna Chamorro; Roger Paredes; Ignacio Blanco; Eulàlia Grau; Marta Massanella; Jorge Carrillo; Bonaventura Clotet; Julià Blanco. Previous SARS-CoV-2 Infection Increases B.1.1.7 Cross-Neutralization by Vaccinated Individuals. Viruses 2021, 13, 1135 .
AMA StyleBenjamin Trinité, Edwards Pradenas, Silvia Marfil, Carla Rovirosa, Víctor Urrea, Ferran Tarrés-Freixas, Raquel Ortiz, Jordi Rodon, Júlia Vergara-Alert, Joaquim Segalés, Victor Guallar, Rosalba Lepore, Nuria Izquierdo-Useros, Glòria Trujillo, Jaume Trapé, Carolina González-Fernández, Antonia Flor, Rafel Pérez-Vidal, Ruth Toledo, Anna Chamorro, Roger Paredes, Ignacio Blanco, Eulàlia Grau, Marta Massanella, Jorge Carrillo, Bonaventura Clotet, Julià Blanco. Previous SARS-CoV-2 Infection Increases B.1.1.7 Cross-Neutralization by Vaccinated Individuals. Viruses. 2021; 13 (6):1135.
Chicago/Turabian StyleBenjamin Trinité; Edwards Pradenas; Silvia Marfil; Carla Rovirosa; Víctor Urrea; Ferran Tarrés-Freixas; Raquel Ortiz; Jordi Rodon; Júlia Vergara-Alert; Joaquim Segalés; Victor Guallar; Rosalba Lepore; Nuria Izquierdo-Useros; Glòria Trujillo; Jaume Trapé; Carolina González-Fernández; Antonia Flor; Rafel Pérez-Vidal; Ruth Toledo; Anna Chamorro; Roger Paredes; Ignacio Blanco; Eulàlia Grau; Marta Massanella; Jorge Carrillo; Bonaventura Clotet; Julià Blanco. 2021. "Previous SARS-CoV-2 Infection Increases B.1.1.7 Cross-Neutralization by Vaccinated Individuals." Viruses 13, no. 6: 1135.
Diseases caused by Escherichia coli are recognized as major problems in the swine industry, one of them being edema disease (ED). Importantly, the current decrease in antibiotic use may cause difficulties in controlling the disorders caused by E. coli. Therefore, this study assessed the efficacy of a commercial vaccine against ED in nursery pigs from a farm with previous history of ED. A total of 1344 pigs were monitored; half of them were randomly assigned to a vaccinated group (VG) and the other half to a non-vaccinated group (NVG). The vaccine was administered at 7 days of age. Animals received a pre-starter feed with 2500 ppm of zinc oxide (ZnO) for 2 weeks and a starter feed without ZnO for another 3 weeks. Pen-group weights were recorded at 28 (weaning), 42 (end of pre-starter phase), and 63 days of life (end of nursery phase). Death/culling rates, average daily gain (ADG), and average daily feed intake (ADFI) were calculated for each group at each phase. The overall relative risk of dying/being culled for a pig in the NVG was 5 times higher than that of the VG group but increased to 12 times higher during the starter period. ADG and ADFI were also significantly higher in the VG group for that period. Vaccination against ED significantly reduced pig losses and improved ADG and ADFI, particularly when ZnO was not used.
Susana Mesonero-Escuredo; Joaquín Morales; Raúl Mainar-Jaime; Gonzalo Díaz; José Arnal; Carlos Casanovas; Sergio Barrabés; Joaquim Segalés. Effect of Edema Disease Vaccination on Mortality and Growth Parameters in Nursery Pigs in a Shiga Toxin 2e Positive Commercial Farm. Vaccines 2021, 9, 567 .
AMA StyleSusana Mesonero-Escuredo, Joaquín Morales, Raúl Mainar-Jaime, Gonzalo Díaz, José Arnal, Carlos Casanovas, Sergio Barrabés, Joaquim Segalés. Effect of Edema Disease Vaccination on Mortality and Growth Parameters in Nursery Pigs in a Shiga Toxin 2e Positive Commercial Farm. Vaccines. 2021; 9 (6):567.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSusana Mesonero-Escuredo; Joaquín Morales; Raúl Mainar-Jaime; Gonzalo Díaz; José Arnal; Carlos Casanovas; Sergio Barrabés; Joaquim Segalés. 2021. "Effect of Edema Disease Vaccination on Mortality and Growth Parameters in Nursery Pigs in a Shiga Toxin 2e Positive Commercial Farm." Vaccines 9, no. 6: 567.
While MERS-CoV (Middle East respiratory syndrome Coronavirus) provokes a lethal disease in humans, camelids, the main virus reservoir, are asymptomatic carriers, suggesting a crucial role for innate immune responses in controlling the infection. Experimentally infected camelids clear infectious virus within one week and mount an effective adaptive immune response. Here, transcription of immune response genes was monitored in the respiratory tract of MERS-CoV infected alpacas. Concomitant to the peak of infection, occurring at 2 days post inoculation (dpi), type I and III interferons (IFNs) were maximally transcribed only in the nasal mucosa of alpacas, while interferon stimulated genes (ISGs) were induced along the whole respiratory tract. Simultaneous to mild focal infiltration of leukocytes in nasal mucosa and submucosa, upregulation of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL10 and dampened transcription of pro-inflammatory genes under NF-κB control were observed. In the lung, early (1 dpi) transcription of chemokines (CCL2 and CCL3) correlated with a transient accumulation of mainly mononuclear leukocytes. A tight regulation of IFNs in lungs with expression of ISGs and controlled inflammatory responses, might contribute to virus clearance without causing tissue damage. Thus, the nasal mucosa, the main target of MERS-CoV in camelids, seems central in driving an efficient innate immune response based on triggering ISGs as well as the dual anti-inflammatory effects of type III IFNs and IL10.
Nigeer Te; Jordi Rodon; Maria Ballester; Mónica Pérez; Lola Pailler-García; Joaquim Segalés; Júlia Vergara-Alert; Albert Bensaid. Type I and III IFNs produced by the nasal epithelia and dimmed inflammation are features of alpacas resolving MERS-CoV infection. PLOS Pathogens 2021, 17, e1009229 .
AMA StyleNigeer Te, Jordi Rodon, Maria Ballester, Mónica Pérez, Lola Pailler-García, Joaquim Segalés, Júlia Vergara-Alert, Albert Bensaid. Type I and III IFNs produced by the nasal epithelia and dimmed inflammation are features of alpacas resolving MERS-CoV infection. PLOS Pathogens. 2021; 17 (5):e1009229.
Chicago/Turabian StyleNigeer Te; Jordi Rodon; Maria Ballester; Mónica Pérez; Lola Pailler-García; Joaquim Segalés; Júlia Vergara-Alert; Albert Bensaid. 2021. "Type I and III IFNs produced by the nasal epithelia and dimmed inflammation are features of alpacas resolving MERS-CoV infection." PLOS Pathogens 17, no. 5: e1009229.
Background The objective of the present study was to explore the benefits of Porcine circovirus 2 (PCV-2) blanket vaccination in a sow herd on productive parameters, PCV-2 infection and immune status in sows and their progeny. For this purpose, 288 sows were distributed among four balanced experimental groups. One group remained as negative control group and the other three received 1 mL of PCV-2 Ingelvac Circoflex® intramuscularly at different productive cycle moments: before mating, mid gestation (42–49 days post-insemination) or late gestation (86–93 days post-insemination); phosphate buffered saline (PBS) was used as negative control item. Reproductive parameters from sows during gestation and body weight of their progeny from birth to weaning were recorded. Additionally, blood was collected from sows at each vaccination time and piglets at 3 weeks of age. Moreover, up to 4 placental umbilical cords (PUC) per sow were taken at peri-partum. Sera from sows and piglets were analysed for PCV-2 antibody detection using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Sera from sows and PUC were tested to quantify viraemia using a real time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) assay. Results Globally, results indicated that vaccinated sows showed heavier piglets at birth and at weaning, less cross-fostered piglets, lower viral load at farrowing as well as in PUC, and higher antibody levels at farrowing, compared to non-vaccinated ones. When all groups were compared among them, sows vaccinated at mid or late gestation had heavier piglets at birth than non-vaccinated sows, and lower proportion of PCV-2 positive PUC. Also, cross-fostering was less frequently practiced in sows vaccinated at pre-mating or mid gestation compared to non-vaccinated ones. Conclusions In conclusion, the present study points out that PCV-2 sow vaccination at different time points of their physiological status (mimicking blanket vaccination) offers benefits at production and serological and virological levels.
Patricia Pleguezuelos; Marina Sibila; Raúl Cuadrado; Rosa López-Jiménez; Diego Pérez; Eva Huerta; Anna M. Llorens; José Ignacio Núñez; Joaquim Segalés; Sergio López-Soria. Exploratory field study on the effects of porcine circovirus 2 (PCV-2) sow vaccination at different physiological stages mimicking blanket vaccination. Porcine Health Management 2021, 7, 1 -12.
AMA StylePatricia Pleguezuelos, Marina Sibila, Raúl Cuadrado, Rosa López-Jiménez, Diego Pérez, Eva Huerta, Anna M. Llorens, José Ignacio Núñez, Joaquim Segalés, Sergio López-Soria. Exploratory field study on the effects of porcine circovirus 2 (PCV-2) sow vaccination at different physiological stages mimicking blanket vaccination. Porcine Health Management. 2021; 7 (1):1-12.
Chicago/Turabian StylePatricia Pleguezuelos; Marina Sibila; Raúl Cuadrado; Rosa López-Jiménez; Diego Pérez; Eva Huerta; Anna M. Llorens; José Ignacio Núñez; Joaquim Segalés; Sergio López-Soria. 2021. "Exploratory field study on the effects of porcine circovirus 2 (PCV-2) sow vaccination at different physiological stages mimicking blanket vaccination." Porcine Health Management 7, no. 1: 1-12.
Accelerated postnatal growth is a potentially modifiable risk factor for future obesity. To study how specific breast milk components contribute to early growth and obesity risk, we quantified one-carbon metabolism-related metabolites in human breast milk and found an inverse association between milk betaine content and infant growth. This association was replicated in an independent and geographically distinct cohort. To determine the potential role of milk betaine in modulating offspring obesity risk, we performed maternal betaine supplementation experiments in mice. Higher betaine intake during lactation increased milk betaine content in dams and led to lower adiposity and improved glucose homeostasis throughout adulthood in mouse offspring. These effects were accompanied by a transient increase in Akkermansia spp. abundance in the gut during early life and a long-lasting increase in intestinal goblet cell number. The link between breast milk betaine and Akkermansia abundance in the gut was also observed in humans, as infants exposed to higher milk betaine content during breastfeeding showed higher fecal Akkermansia muciniphila abundance. Furthermore, administration of A. muciniphila to mouse pups during the lactation period partially replicated the effects of maternal breast milk betaine, including increased intestinal goblet cell number, lower adiposity, and improved glucose homeostasis during adulthood. These data demonstrate a link between breast milk betaine content and long-term metabolic health of offspring.
Silvia Ribo; David Sánchez-Infantes; Laura Martinez-Guino; Izaskun García-Mantrana; Marta Ramon-Krauel; Mireia Tondo; Erland Arning; Miquel Nofrarías; Óscar Osorio-Conles; Antonio Fernández-Pérez; Pedro González-Torres; Judith Cebrià; Aleix Gavaldà-Navarro; Empar Chenoll; Elvira Isganaitis; Francesc Villarroya; Mario Vallejo; Joaquim Segalés; Josep C. Jiménez-Chillarón; Teodoro Bottiglieri; Ellen W. Demerath; David A. Fields; María Carmen Collado; Carles Lerin. Increasing breast milk betaine modulates Akkermansia abundance in mammalian neonates and improves long-term metabolic health. Science Translational Medicine 2021, 13, eabb0322 .
AMA StyleSilvia Ribo, David Sánchez-Infantes, Laura Martinez-Guino, Izaskun García-Mantrana, Marta Ramon-Krauel, Mireia Tondo, Erland Arning, Miquel Nofrarías, Óscar Osorio-Conles, Antonio Fernández-Pérez, Pedro González-Torres, Judith Cebrià, Aleix Gavaldà-Navarro, Empar Chenoll, Elvira Isganaitis, Francesc Villarroya, Mario Vallejo, Joaquim Segalés, Josep C. Jiménez-Chillarón, Teodoro Bottiglieri, Ellen W. Demerath, David A. Fields, María Carmen Collado, Carles Lerin. Increasing breast milk betaine modulates Akkermansia abundance in mammalian neonates and improves long-term metabolic health. Science Translational Medicine. 2021; 13 (587):eabb0322.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSilvia Ribo; David Sánchez-Infantes; Laura Martinez-Guino; Izaskun García-Mantrana; Marta Ramon-Krauel; Mireia Tondo; Erland Arning; Miquel Nofrarías; Óscar Osorio-Conles; Antonio Fernández-Pérez; Pedro González-Torres; Judith Cebrià; Aleix Gavaldà-Navarro; Empar Chenoll; Elvira Isganaitis; Francesc Villarroya; Mario Vallejo; Joaquim Segalés; Josep C. Jiménez-Chillarón; Teodoro Bottiglieri; Ellen W. Demerath; David A. Fields; María Carmen Collado; Carles Lerin. 2021. "Increasing breast milk betaine modulates Akkermansia abundance in mammalian neonates and improves long-term metabolic health." Science Translational Medicine 13, no. 587: eabb0322.
Porcine circovirus 3 (PCV-3) has been widely detected in healthy and diseased pigs; among different pathologic conditions, the strongest evidence of association comes from reproductive disease cases. However, simple viral detection does not imply the causality of the clinical conditions. Detection of PCV-3 within lesions may provide stronger evidence of causality. Thus, this study aimed to assess the frequency of PCV-3 detection in tissues from fetuses/stillborn piglets in cases of reproductive problems in domestic swine, as well as the histopathologic assessment of fetal tissues. Fetuses or stillborn piglets from 53 cases of reproductive failure were collected and analyzed by PCV-3 qPCR. The presence of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV), porcine circovirus 2 (PCV-2), and porcine parvovirus 1 (PPV1) was also checked. PCV-3 qPCR positive samples with a high viral load were tested by PCV-3 in situ hybridization (ISH), sequenced, and phylogenetically analyzed. PCV-3 DNA was detected in 18/53 (33.9%) reproductive failure cases and in 16 of them PCV-3 was the only pathogen found. PCV-2 DNA was found in 5/53 (9.4%), PRRSV RNA in 4/53 (7.5%) and PPV1 was not detected. Four out of the six PCV-3 qPCR-positive cases with Ct value <30 were positive when tested by ISH. In these samples, PCV-3 was detected within mild histopathologic lesions, such as arteritis and periarteritis in multiple tissues. The present work emphasizes the need to include PCV-3 as a potential causative agent of reproductive failure in swine.
Viviane Saporiti; Laura Valls; Jaime Maldonado; Mónica Perez; Florencia Correa-Fiz; Joaquim Segalés; Marina Sibila. Porcine Circovirus 3 Detection in Aborted Fetuses and Stillborn Piglets from Swine Reproductive Failure Cases. Viruses 2021, 13, 264 .
AMA StyleViviane Saporiti, Laura Valls, Jaime Maldonado, Mónica Perez, Florencia Correa-Fiz, Joaquim Segalés, Marina Sibila. Porcine Circovirus 3 Detection in Aborted Fetuses and Stillborn Piglets from Swine Reproductive Failure Cases. Viruses. 2021; 13 (2):264.
Chicago/Turabian StyleViviane Saporiti; Laura Valls; Jaime Maldonado; Mónica Perez; Florencia Correa-Fiz; Joaquim Segalés; Marina Sibila. 2021. "Porcine Circovirus 3 Detection in Aborted Fetuses and Stillborn Piglets from Swine Reproductive Failure Cases." Viruses 13, no. 2: 264.
Reinfections with SARS-CoV-2 have already been documented in humans, although its real incidence is currently unknown. Besides having great impact on public health, this phenomenon raises the question if immunity generated by a single infection is sufficient to provide sterilizing/protective immunity to a subsequent SARS-CoV-2 re-exposure. The Golden Syrian hamster is a manageable animal model to explore immunological mechanisms able to counteract COVID-19, as it recapitulates pathological aspects of mild to moderately affected patients. Here, we report that SARS-CoV-2-inoculated hamsters resolve infection in the upper and lower respiratory tracts within seven days upon inoculation with the Cat01 (G614) SARS-CoV-2 isolate. Three weeks after primary challenge, and despite high titers of neutralizing antibodies, half of the animals were susceptible to reinfection by both identical (Cat01, G614) and variant (WA/1, D614) SARS-CoV-2 isolates. However, upon re-inoculation, only nasal tissues were transiently infected with much lower viral replication than those observed after the first inoculation. These data indicate that a primary SARS-CoV-2 infection is not sufficient to elicit a sterilizing immunity in hamster models but protects against lung disease.
Marco Brustolin; Jordi Rodon; María Luisa Rodríguez de la Concepción; Carlos Ávila-Nieto; Guillermo Cantero; Mónica Pérez; Nigeer Te; Marc Noguera-Julián; Víctor Guallar; Alfonso Valencia; Núria Roca; Nuria Izquierdo-Useros; Julià Blanco; Bonaventura Clotet; Albert Bensaid; Jorge Carrillo; Júlia Vergara-Alert; Joaquim Segalés. Protection against reinfection with D614- or G614-SARS-CoV-2 isolates in hamsters. 2021, 1 .
AMA StyleMarco Brustolin, Jordi Rodon, María Luisa Rodríguez de la Concepción, Carlos Ávila-Nieto, Guillermo Cantero, Mónica Pérez, Nigeer Te, Marc Noguera-Julián, Víctor Guallar, Alfonso Valencia, Núria Roca, Nuria Izquierdo-Useros, Julià Blanco, Bonaventura Clotet, Albert Bensaid, Jorge Carrillo, Júlia Vergara-Alert, Joaquim Segalés. Protection against reinfection with D614- or G614-SARS-CoV-2 isolates in hamsters. . 2021; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMarco Brustolin; Jordi Rodon; María Luisa Rodríguez de la Concepción; Carlos Ávila-Nieto; Guillermo Cantero; Mónica Pérez; Nigeer Te; Marc Noguera-Julián; Víctor Guallar; Alfonso Valencia; Núria Roca; Nuria Izquierdo-Useros; Julià Blanco; Bonaventura Clotet; Albert Bensaid; Jorge Carrillo; Júlia Vergara-Alert; Joaquim Segalés. 2021. "Protection against reinfection with D614- or G614-SARS-CoV-2 isolates in hamsters." , no. : 1.
Reinfections with SARS-CoV-2 have already been documented in humans, although its real incidence is currently unknown. Besides having great impact on public health, this phenomenon raises the question if immunity generated by a single infection is sufficient to provide sterilizing/protective immunity to a subsequent SARS-CoV-2 re-exposure. The Golden Syrian hamster is a manageable animal model to explore immunological mechanisms able to counteract COVID-19, as it recapitulates pathological aspects of mild to moderately affected patients. Here, we report that SARS-CoV-2-inoculated hamsters resolve infection in the upper and lower respiratory tracts within seven days upon inoculation with the Cat01 (G614) SARS-CoV-2 isolate. Three weeks after primary challenge, and despite high titers of neutralizing antibodies, half of the animals were susceptible to reinfection by both identical (Cat01, G614) and variant (WA/1, D614) SARS-CoV-2 isolates. However, upon re-inoculation, only nasal tissues were transiently infected with much lower viral replication than those observed after the first inoculation. These data indicate that a primary SARS-CoV-2 infection is not sufficient to elicit a sterilizing immunity in hamster models but protects against lung disease.
Marco Brustolin; Jordi Rodon; María Luisa Rodríguez de la Concepción; Carlos Ávila-Nieto; Guillermo Cantero; Mónica Pérez; Nigeer Te; Marc Noguera-Julián; Víctor Guallar; Alfonso Valencia; Núria Roca; Nuria Izquierdo-Useros; Julià Blanco; Bonaventura Clotet; Albert Bensaid; Jorge Carrillo; Júlia Vergara-Alert; Joaquim Segalés. Protection against reinfection with D614- or G614-SARS-CoV-2 isolates in golden Syrian hamster. Emerging Microbes & Infections 2021, 10, 797 -809.
AMA StyleMarco Brustolin, Jordi Rodon, María Luisa Rodríguez de la Concepción, Carlos Ávila-Nieto, Guillermo Cantero, Mónica Pérez, Nigeer Te, Marc Noguera-Julián, Víctor Guallar, Alfonso Valencia, Núria Roca, Nuria Izquierdo-Useros, Julià Blanco, Bonaventura Clotet, Albert Bensaid, Jorge Carrillo, Júlia Vergara-Alert, Joaquim Segalés. Protection against reinfection with D614- or G614-SARS-CoV-2 isolates in golden Syrian hamster. Emerging Microbes & Infections. 2021; 10 (1):797-809.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMarco Brustolin; Jordi Rodon; María Luisa Rodríguez de la Concepción; Carlos Ávila-Nieto; Guillermo Cantero; Mónica Pérez; Nigeer Te; Marc Noguera-Julián; Víctor Guallar; Alfonso Valencia; Núria Roca; Nuria Izquierdo-Useros; Julià Blanco; Bonaventura Clotet; Albert Bensaid; Jorge Carrillo; Júlia Vergara-Alert; Joaquim Segalés. 2021. "Protection against reinfection with D614- or G614-SARS-CoV-2 isolates in golden Syrian hamster." Emerging Microbes & Infections 10, no. 1: 797-809.
While MERS-CoV (Middle East respiratory syndrome Coronavirus) provokes a lethal disease in humans, camelids, the main virus reservoir, are asymptomatic carriers, suggesting a crucial role for innate immune responses in controlling the infection. Experimentally infected camelids clear infectious virus within one week and mount an effective adaptive immune response. Here, transcription of immune response genes was monitored in the respiratory tract of MERS-CoV infected alpacas. Concomitant to the peak of infection, occurring at 2 days post inoculation (dpi), type I and III interferons (IFNs) were maximally transcribed only in the nasal mucosa of alpacas, provoking the induction of interferon stimulated genes (ISGs) along the whole respiratory tract. Simultaneous to mild focal infiltration of leukocytes in nasal mucosa and submucosa, upregulation of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL10 and dampened transcription of pro-inflammatory genes under NF-κB control were observed. In the lung, early (1 dpi) transcription of chemokines (CCL2 and CCL3) correlated with a transient accumulation of mainly mononuclear leukocytes. A tight regulation of IFNs in lungs with expression of ISGs and controlled inflammatory responses, might contribute to virus clearance without causing tissue damage. Thus, the nasal mucosa, the main target of MERS-CoV in camelids, is central in driving an efficient innate immune response based on triggering ISGs as well as the dual anti-inflammatory effects of type III IFNs and IL10.Author summaryMiddle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) is the etiological agent of a respiratory disease causing high mortality in humans. In camelids, the main MERS-CoV reservoir host, viral infection leads to subclinical disease. Our study describes transcriptional regulations of innate immunological pathways underlying asymptomatic clinical manifestations of alpacas in response to MERS-CoV. Concomitant to the peak of infection, these animals elicited a strong transient interferon response and induction of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL10 in the nasal mucosa. This was associated to a dimmed regulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines and induction of interferon stimulated genes along the whole respiratory mucosa, leading to the rapid clearance of the virus. Thus, innate immune responses occurring in the nasal mucosa appear to be the key in controlling MERS-CoV disease by avoiding a cytokine storm. Understanding on how asymptomatic host reservoirs counteract MERS-CoV infection will aid in the development of antiviral drugs and vaccines.
Nigeer Te; Jordi Rodon; Maria Ballester; Mónica Pérez; Lola Pailler-García; Joaquim Segalés; Júlia Vergara-Alert; Albert Bensaid. Type I and III IFNs produced by the nasal epithelia and dimmed inflammation are key features of alpacas resolving MERS-CoV infection. 2020, 1 .
AMA StyleNigeer Te, Jordi Rodon, Maria Ballester, Mónica Pérez, Lola Pailler-García, Joaquim Segalés, Júlia Vergara-Alert, Albert Bensaid. Type I and III IFNs produced by the nasal epithelia and dimmed inflammation are key features of alpacas resolving MERS-CoV infection. . 2020; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleNigeer Te; Jordi Rodon; Maria Ballester; Mónica Pérez; Lola Pailler-García; Joaquim Segalés; Júlia Vergara-Alert; Albert Bensaid. 2020. "Type I and III IFNs produced by the nasal epithelia and dimmed inflammation are key features of alpacas resolving MERS-CoV infection." , no. : 1.
Identified for the first time in the 1990s, Porcine circovirus 2 (PCV-2) should not be considered an emerging virus anymore. Nevertheless, many aspects of its biology and epidemiology are still controversial. Particularly, its high evolutionary rate has caused the emergence of several variants and genotypes, alternating on the worldwide proscenium. The biological and practical implications of such heterogenicity are unfortunately largely unknown. The effectiveness of currently available vaccines against new genotypes that have emerged over time has been the topic of an intense debate and often inconclusive or contradictory results between experimental, field, and epidemiological studies have been gathered. The challenge in establishing an effective PCV-2 disease model, the peculiarities in experimental design and settings and the strains involved could justify the observed differences. The present work aims to summarize and critically review the available knowledge on PCV-2 genetic heterogeneity, immunity, and vaccine efficacy, organizing and harmonizing the available data from different sources, shedding light on this complex field and highlighting current knowledge gaps and future perspectives. So far, all vaccines in the market have shown great efficacy in reducing clinical signs associated to diseases caused by PCV-2, independently of the genotype present in the farm. Moreover, experimental data demonstrated the cross-protection of PCV-2a vaccines against the most widespread genotypes (PCV-2a, PCV-2b, and PCV-2d). Therefore, despite the significant number of genotypes described/proposed (PCV-2a to PCV-2i), it seems one single PCV-2 serotype would exist so far.
Giovanni Franzo; Joaquim Segalés. Porcine Circovirus 2 Genotypes, Immunity and Vaccines: Multiple Genotypes but One Single Serotype. Pathogens 2020, 9, 1049 .
AMA StyleGiovanni Franzo, Joaquim Segalés. Porcine Circovirus 2 Genotypes, Immunity and Vaccines: Multiple Genotypes but One Single Serotype. Pathogens. 2020; 9 (12):1049.
Chicago/Turabian StyleGiovanni Franzo; Joaquim Segalés. 2020. "Porcine Circovirus 2 Genotypes, Immunity and Vaccines: Multiple Genotypes but One Single Serotype." Pathogens 9, no. 12: 1049.
Conventional piglets were inoculated with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) through different routes, including intranasal, intratracheal, intramuscular and intravenous ones. Although piglets were not susceptible to SARS‐CoV‐2 and lacked lesions or viral RNA in tissues/swabs, seroconversion was observed in pigs inoculated parenterally (intramuscularly or intravenously).
Júlia Vergara‐Alert; Jordi Rodon; Jorge Carrillo; Nigeer Te; Nuria Izquierdo‐Useros; María Luisa Rodríguez de la Concepción; Carlos Ávila‐Nieto; Víctor Guallar; Alfonso Valencia; Guillermo Cantero; Julià Blanco; Bonaventura Clotet; Albert Bensaid; Joaquim Segalés. Pigs are not susceptible to SARS‐CoV‐2 infection but are a model for viral immunogenicity studies. Transboundary and Emerging Diseases 2020, 1 .
AMA StyleJúlia Vergara‐Alert, Jordi Rodon, Jorge Carrillo, Nigeer Te, Nuria Izquierdo‐Useros, María Luisa Rodríguez de la Concepción, Carlos Ávila‐Nieto, Víctor Guallar, Alfonso Valencia, Guillermo Cantero, Julià Blanco, Bonaventura Clotet, Albert Bensaid, Joaquim Segalés. Pigs are not susceptible to SARS‐CoV‐2 infection but are a model for viral immunogenicity studies. Transboundary and Emerging Diseases. 2020; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJúlia Vergara‐Alert; Jordi Rodon; Jorge Carrillo; Nigeer Te; Nuria Izquierdo‐Useros; María Luisa Rodríguez de la Concepción; Carlos Ávila‐Nieto; Víctor Guallar; Alfonso Valencia; Guillermo Cantero; Julià Blanco; Bonaventura Clotet; Albert Bensaid; Joaquim Segalés. 2020. "Pigs are not susceptible to SARS‐CoV‐2 infection but are a model for viral immunogenicity studies." Transboundary and Emerging Diseases , no. : 1.
César Muñoz-Fontela; William E. Dowling; Simon G. P. Funnell; Pierre-S. Gsell; A. Ximena Riveros-Balta; Randy A. Albrecht; Hanne Andersen; Ralph S. Baric; Miles W. Carroll; Marco Cavaleri; Chuan Qin; Ian Crozier; Kai Dallmeier; Leon de Waal; Emmie de Wit; Leen Delang; Erik Dohm; W. Paul Duprex; Darryl Falzarano; Courtney L. Finch; Matthew B. Frieman; Barney S. Graham; Lisa E. Gralinski; Kate Guilfoyle; Bart L. Haagmans; Geraldine A. Hamilton; Amy L. Hartman; Sander Herfst; Suzanne J. F. Kaptein; William B. Klimstra; Ivana Knezevic; Philip R. Krause; Jens H. Kuhn; Roger Le Grand; Mark G. Lewis; Wen-Chun Liu; Pauline Maisonnasse; Anita K. McElroy; Vincent Munster; Nadia Oreshkova; Angela L. Rasmussen; Joana Rocha-Pereira; Barry Rockx; Estefanía Rodríguez; Thomas F. Rogers; Francisco J. Salguero; Michael Schotsaert; Koert J. Stittelaar; Hendrik Jan Thibaut; Chien-Te Tseng; Júlia Vergara-Alert; Martin Beer; Trevor Brasel; Jasper F. W. Chan; Adolfo García-Sastre; Johan Neyts; Stanley Perlman; Douglas S. Reed; Juergen A. Richt; Chad J. Roy; Joaquim Segalés; Seshadri S. Vasan; Ana María Henao-Restrepo; Dan H. Barouch. Animal models for COVID-19. Nature 2020, 586, 509 -515.
AMA StyleCésar Muñoz-Fontela, William E. Dowling, Simon G. P. Funnell, Pierre-S. Gsell, A. Ximena Riveros-Balta, Randy A. Albrecht, Hanne Andersen, Ralph S. Baric, Miles W. Carroll, Marco Cavaleri, Chuan Qin, Ian Crozier, Kai Dallmeier, Leon de Waal, Emmie de Wit, Leen Delang, Erik Dohm, W. Paul Duprex, Darryl Falzarano, Courtney L. Finch, Matthew B. Frieman, Barney S. Graham, Lisa E. Gralinski, Kate Guilfoyle, Bart L. Haagmans, Geraldine A. Hamilton, Amy L. Hartman, Sander Herfst, Suzanne J. F. Kaptein, William B. Klimstra, Ivana Knezevic, Philip R. Krause, Jens H. Kuhn, Roger Le Grand, Mark G. Lewis, Wen-Chun Liu, Pauline Maisonnasse, Anita K. McElroy, Vincent Munster, Nadia Oreshkova, Angela L. Rasmussen, Joana Rocha-Pereira, Barry Rockx, Estefanía Rodríguez, Thomas F. Rogers, Francisco J. Salguero, Michael Schotsaert, Koert J. Stittelaar, Hendrik Jan Thibaut, Chien-Te Tseng, Júlia Vergara-Alert, Martin Beer, Trevor Brasel, Jasper F. W. Chan, Adolfo García-Sastre, Johan Neyts, Stanley Perlman, Douglas S. Reed, Juergen A. Richt, Chad J. Roy, Joaquim Segalés, Seshadri S. Vasan, Ana María Henao-Restrepo, Dan H. Barouch. Animal models for COVID-19. Nature. 2020; 586 (7830):509-515.
Chicago/Turabian StyleCésar Muñoz-Fontela; William E. Dowling; Simon G. P. Funnell; Pierre-S. Gsell; A. Ximena Riveros-Balta; Randy A. Albrecht; Hanne Andersen; Ralph S. Baric; Miles W. Carroll; Marco Cavaleri; Chuan Qin; Ian Crozier; Kai Dallmeier; Leon de Waal; Emmie de Wit; Leen Delang; Erik Dohm; W. Paul Duprex; Darryl Falzarano; Courtney L. Finch; Matthew B. Frieman; Barney S. Graham; Lisa E. Gralinski; Kate Guilfoyle; Bart L. Haagmans; Geraldine A. Hamilton; Amy L. Hartman; Sander Herfst; Suzanne J. F. Kaptein; William B. Klimstra; Ivana Knezevic; Philip R. Krause; Jens H. Kuhn; Roger Le Grand; Mark G. Lewis; Wen-Chun Liu; Pauline Maisonnasse; Anita K. McElroy; Vincent Munster; Nadia Oreshkova; Angela L. Rasmussen; Joana Rocha-Pereira; Barry Rockx; Estefanía Rodríguez; Thomas F. Rogers; Francisco J. Salguero; Michael Schotsaert; Koert J. Stittelaar; Hendrik Jan Thibaut; Chien-Te Tseng; Júlia Vergara-Alert; Martin Beer; Trevor Brasel; Jasper F. W. Chan; Adolfo García-Sastre; Johan Neyts; Stanley Perlman; Douglas S. Reed; Juergen A. Richt; Chad J. Roy; Joaquim Segalés; Seshadri S. Vasan; Ana María Henao-Restrepo; Dan H. Barouch. 2020. "Animal models for COVID-19." Nature 586, no. 7830: 509-515.
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the etiological agent of COVID-19, is considered a zoonotic pathogen mainly transmitted human to human. Few reports indicate that pets may be exposed to the virus. The present report describes a cat suffering from severe respiratory distress and thrombocytopenia living with a family with several members affected by COVID-19. Clinical signs of the cat prompted humanitarian euthanasia and a detailed postmortem investigation to assess whether a COVID-19−like disease was causing the condition. Necropsy results showed the animal suffered from feline hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and severe pulmonary edema and thrombosis. SARS-CoV-2 RNA was only detected in nasal swab, nasal turbinates, and mesenteric lymph node, but no evidence of histopathological lesions compatible with a viral infection were detected. The cat seroconverted against SARS-CoV-2, further evidencing a productive infection in this animal. We conclude that the animal had a subclinical SARS-CoV-2 infection concomitant to an unrelated cardiomyopathy that led to euthanasia.
Joaquim Segalés; Mariona Puig; Jordi Rodon; Carlos Avila-Nieto; Jorge Carrillo; Guillermo Cantero; Maria Teresa Terrón; Sílvia Cruz; Mariona Parera; Marc Noguera-Julián; Nuria Izquierdo-Useros; Víctor Guallar; Enric Vidal; Alfonso Valencia; Ignacio Blanco; Julià Blanco; Bonaventura Clotet; Júlia Vergara-Alert. Detection of SARS-CoV-2 in a cat owned by a COVID-19−affected patient in Spain. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2020, 117, 24790 -24793.
AMA StyleJoaquim Segalés, Mariona Puig, Jordi Rodon, Carlos Avila-Nieto, Jorge Carrillo, Guillermo Cantero, Maria Teresa Terrón, Sílvia Cruz, Mariona Parera, Marc Noguera-Julián, Nuria Izquierdo-Useros, Víctor Guallar, Enric Vidal, Alfonso Valencia, Ignacio Blanco, Julià Blanco, Bonaventura Clotet, Júlia Vergara-Alert. Detection of SARS-CoV-2 in a cat owned by a COVID-19−affected patient in Spain. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 2020; 117 (40):24790-24793.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJoaquim Segalés; Mariona Puig; Jordi Rodon; Carlos Avila-Nieto; Jorge Carrillo; Guillermo Cantero; Maria Teresa Terrón; Sílvia Cruz; Mariona Parera; Marc Noguera-Julián; Nuria Izquierdo-Useros; Víctor Guallar; Enric Vidal; Alfonso Valencia; Ignacio Blanco; Julià Blanco; Bonaventura Clotet; Júlia Vergara-Alert. 2020. "Detection of SARS-CoV-2 in a cat owned by a COVID-19−affected patient in Spain." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 117, no. 40: 24790-24793.
Porcine circovirus 3 (PCV-3) has been suggested as a putative causal agent of swine reproductive disease. A number of different studies have pointed out this association, but there is still a lack of information regarding the normal rates of PCV-3 infection in farms with normal reproductive parameters. The objective of the present study was to assess the frequency of PCV-3 detection in primiparous and multiparous sows and in tissues from their respective fetuses from farms with average reproductive parameters. Sera from 57 primiparous and 64 multiparous sows from 3 different farms were collected at two time points. Brain and lung tissues from 49 mummies and 206 stillborn were collected at farrowing. Samples were tested by PCR, and when positive, quantified by quantitative PCR. Thirty-nine complete genomes were obtained and phylogenetically analyzed. All sera from multiparous sows were negative, while 19/57 (33.3%) primiparous sows were PCV-3 PCR positive. From the 255 tested fetuses, 86 (33.7%) had at least one tissue positive to PCV-3. The frequency of detection in fetuses from primiparous sows (73/91, 80.2%) was significantly higher than those from multiparous ones (13/164, 7.9%). It can be concluded that PCV-3 is able to cause intrauterine infections in absence of overt reproductive disorders.
Viviane Saporiti; Susanna Martorell; Taís F. Cruz; Francini Klaumann; Florencia Correa-Fiz; Mònica Balasch; Marina Sibila; Joaquim Segalés. Frequency of Detection and Phylogenetic Analysis of Porcine circovirus3 (PCV-3) in Healthy Primiparous and Multiparous Sows and Their Mummified Fetuses and Stillborn. Pathogens 2020, 9, 533 .
AMA StyleViviane Saporiti, Susanna Martorell, Taís F. Cruz, Francini Klaumann, Florencia Correa-Fiz, Mònica Balasch, Marina Sibila, Joaquim Segalés. Frequency of Detection and Phylogenetic Analysis of Porcine circovirus3 (PCV-3) in Healthy Primiparous and Multiparous Sows and Their Mummified Fetuses and Stillborn. Pathogens. 2020; 9 (7):533.
Chicago/Turabian StyleViviane Saporiti; Susanna Martorell; Taís F. Cruz; Francini Klaumann; Florencia Correa-Fiz; Mònica Balasch; Marina Sibila; Joaquim Segalés. 2020. "Frequency of Detection and Phylogenetic Analysis of Porcine circovirus3 (PCV-3) in Healthy Primiparous and Multiparous Sows and Their Mummified Fetuses and Stillborn." Pathogens 9, no. 7: 533.
Background There is a crucial need for effective therapies that are immediately available to counteract COVID-19 disease. Recently, ELISA binding cross-reactivity against components of human epidemic coronaviruses with currently available intravenous immunoglobulins (IVIG) Gamunex-C and Flebogamma DIF (5% and 10%) have been reported. In this study, the same products were tested for neutralization activity against SARS-CoV-2, SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV and their potential as an antiviral therapy. Methods The neutralization capacity of six selected lots of IVIG was assessed against SARS-CoV-2 (two different isolates), SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV in cell cultures. Infectivity neutralization was measured by determining the percent reduction in plaque-forming units (PFU) and by cytopathic effects for two IVIG lots in one of the SARS-CoV-2 isolates. Neutralization was quantified using the plaque reduction neutralization test 50 (PRNT50) in the PFU assay and the half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) in the cytopathic/cytotoxic method (calculated as the minus log10 dilution which reduced the viral titer by 50%). Results All IVIG preparations showed neutralization of both SARS-CoV-2 isolates, ranging from 79 to 89.5% with PRNT50 titers from 4.5 to >5 for the PFU method and ranging from 47.0%-64.7% with an IC50 ~1 for the cytopathic method. All IVIG lots produced neutralization of SARS-CoV ranging from 39.5 to 55.1 % and PRNT50 values ranging from 2.0 to 3.3. No IVIG preparation showed significant neutralizing activity against MERS-CoV. Conclusion In cell culture neutralization assays, the tested IVIG products contain antibodies with significant cross-neutralization capacity against SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV. However, no neutralization capacity was demonstrated against MERS-CoV. These preparations are currently available and may be immediately useful for COVID-19 management.
José-María Díez; Carolina Romero; Júlia Vergara-Alert; Melissa Belló-Perez; Jordi Rodon; José Manuel Honrubia; Joaquim Segalés; Isabel Sola; Luis Enjuanes; Rodrigo Gajardo. Cross-neutralization activity against SARS-CoV-2 is present in currently available intravenous immunoglobulins. 2020, 1 .
AMA StyleJosé-María Díez, Carolina Romero, Júlia Vergara-Alert, Melissa Belló-Perez, Jordi Rodon, José Manuel Honrubia, Joaquim Segalés, Isabel Sola, Luis Enjuanes, Rodrigo Gajardo. Cross-neutralization activity against SARS-CoV-2 is present in currently available intravenous immunoglobulins. . 2020; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJosé-María Díez; Carolina Romero; Júlia Vergara-Alert; Melissa Belló-Perez; Jordi Rodon; José Manuel Honrubia; Joaquim Segalés; Isabel Sola; Luis Enjuanes; Rodrigo Gajardo. 2020. "Cross-neutralization activity against SARS-CoV-2 is present in currently available intravenous immunoglobulins." , no. : 1.