The article presents a methodical approach based on an integrated assessment of the social and economic impacts of tourism for East Kazakhstan Region. The assessment was done using indicators such as the number of tourists, accommodation units, tourism facilities’ billing, and other statistical data for the period of 2009–2018. Integrated assessment performed using weighted sums of considered parameters and ordinary least squares linear regression method is applied for effectiveness prediction. Applied approaches of arithmetic (calculated) and multivariate regression modeling of the integral tourism efficiency demonstrated the same results, which mean the approach can be transferred and applied for other regions of Kazakhstan. Growing trends in tourism efficiency are derived and conclusions made on their importance for regional development. The economic and social impacts of tourism in East Kazakhstan Region increased significantly during the period from 2003 to 2018.

The article presents the results of the functional zoning of the delta of transboundary river Syr Darya, which is located in an ecological disaster zone and is the only watercourse in modern conditions that supplies the remained part of Aral Sea. Under the conditions of global climate change, the territories of river deltas in arid regions are subject to active degradation processes, which are associated both with decrease of their water content and increase of anthropogenic impact. To determine the current condition of Syr Darya river delta landscapes, a component-by-component analysis of its main components was carried out. Based on the assessment of use of delta natural resource potential, the degradation processes associated with the types and intensity of anthropogenic impact in the conditions of arid climate were identified. The conducted studies formed the basis for the functional zoning of the territory of Syr Darya river delta, which is a spatial planning of sustainable land use and landscapes preservation. The developed scheme of functional zoning of Syr Darya River delta allowed to propose a number of measures with allocation of landscapes recommended for conservation, restoration, or sustainable use by the certain type of land use with the minimization of degradation processes.

This article presents a comparative analysis of the definitions related to the concept of health and wellness tourism, drawing on the conceptual and terminological frameworks established by both foreign and domestic scholars. The primary focus is on positioning health and wellness tourism as a form of travel specifically organized to promote, prevent, or restore human health. The study systematically examines the terms «health tourism», «wellness tourism» and «medical tourism» referencing definitions proposed by a range of researchers, professional organizations, and industry associations. Some scholars interpret health tourism as involving treatments based on natural resources, such as mineral waters or climate therapy, while medical tourism is generally associated with access to advanced, high-tech medical procedures. Wellness tourism, by contrast, typically takes place in sanatoriums or resort settings and emphasizes holistic physical and psychological rejuvenation. Following a critical review of the existing definitions, the authors propose refined interpretations of each term: health and wellness tourism, health tourism, wellness tourism, and medical tourism.

Tourism is not only the largest sector in the world economy, but also one of the fastest growing emerging industries in the world. Unlike other economic sectors that transport products to consumers, tourism enables people to migrate to places where tourism resources are concentrated. These resources are consumed somewhere. With the development of social economy, tourism has increasingly shown its important position in the national economy. After years of development, Kazakhstan’s tourism industry has made significant contributions to the national economic development. At the same time, the industry has also accumulated many problems and contradictions in the long-term development process. From a macro level, the development situation of Kazakhstan's tourism industry is good, with total tourism revenue and tourist numbers rising rapidly. From a micro level, tourism enterprises are small in scale, have poor operations, and have low overall competitiveness. From the industrial level analysis, the main problems and contradictions of Kazakhstan's tourism industry are related to its market structure characteristics. Structural issues are core issues in the development of tourism in Kazakhstan. Using structural ideas and methods to study the tourism industry in Kazakhstan can guide the sustainable development of the tourism industry and provide a basis for decision-making by the government. Based on the literature review of the tourism market structure, the authors analyze the optimization path based on the Kazakhstan tourism market structure and effectively promotes the tourism industry. Туризм является не только крупнейшим сектором мировой экономики, но и одной из самых быстрорастущих развивающихся отраслей в мире. В отличие от других секторов экономики, которые доставляют продукцию потребителям, туризм позволяет людям мигрировать в места, где сосредоточены туристские ресурсы. Эти ресурсы местами расходуются. С развитием социальной экономики туризм все больше демонстрирует свое важное положение в национальной экономике. После многих лет развития - туристская индустрия Казахстана внесла значительный вклад в развитие национальной экономики. В то же время в отрасли также накопилось много проблем и противоречий в процессе долгосрочного развития. На макроуровне ситуация, связанная с развитием туристской отрасли Казахстана является более или менее благополучной, при этом общий доход от туризма и число туристов быстро растут. На микроуровне туристические предприятия невелики по масштабам, плохо функционируют и обладают низкой общей конкурентоспособностью. Исходя из анализа промышленного уровня, основные проблемы и противоречия туристской отрасли Казахстана связаны с особенностями ее рыночной структуры. Структурные проблемы являются ключевыми в развитии туризма в Казахстане. Использование структурных идей и методов для изучения индустрии туризма в Казахстане может способствовать устойчивому развитию индустрии туризма и обеспечить основу для принятия решений правительством. Основываясь на обзоре литературы о структуре туристского рынка, авторы анализируют пути оптимизации, основанные на структуре туристского рынка Казахстана, и эффективно продвигают туристскую индустрию. Туризм әлемдік экономиканың ең ірі секторы ғана емес, сонымен қатар әлемдегі ең жылдам дамып келе жатқан салалардың біріне жатады. Тұтынушыларға өнімді жеткізетін экономиканың басқа салаларынан айырмашылығы, туризм адамдарға туристік ресурстар шоғырланған жерлерге қоныс аударуға мүмкіндік береді. Бұл ресурстар бір жерлерде жұмсалады. Әлеуметтік экономиканың дамуымен, туризм - ұлттық экономикадағы маңызды орнын көбірек көрсетуде. Қазақстанның туристік индустриясы көптеген жылдар бойы дамығаннан кейін ұлттық экономиканың дамуына елеулі үлес қосты. Сонымен қатар, салада ұзақ мерзімді даму процесінде көптеген мәселелер мен қайшылықтар жинақталған. Макродеңгейде Қазақстанның туристік саласы дамуының жағдайы жақсаруда, бұл ретте туризмнен...

The article presents the results of a study of the long-term dynamics of the state of ecosystems of the Teniz-Korgalzhyn depression, carried out using data from the Earth remote sensing (ERS). Based on the analysis of space images, the formation factors of modern environmental conditions are established. In the study area, such factors are positional and barrier factors, as well as the confinement of individual surface sections to different-height layers of the Earth's surface. An analysis of the Landsat series of space images taken at different time, made it possible to establish spatial differences in the intensity of phytomass accumulation in areas located in different landscape locations. The spatio-temporal variability of the ecological conditions of the Teniz-Korgalzhin depression wetlands is accompanied by a change in the amount of food supply and the number of living organisms. Monitoring of these changes on the basis of Earth remote sensing data will allow to prove measures to preserve the biodiversity of the Teniz-Korgalzhin depression wetlands timely.

The article substantiates the necessity of using innovative technologies in the process of studying and teaching geographical disciplines at secondary schools. Particular attention is paid to distance learning as a pedagogical innovation, its theoretical aspects and the ways of its introduction into the educational process. The relevance of using distance learning at the New Ukrainian School is proved. Its advantages and disadvantages are revealed. The examples of some forms of distance learning that will contribute to geographical competence development according to European requirements are provided. The article particularly focuses on the Massive Open Online Courses, modern websites, virtual portals of individual teachers, LearningApps.org portal, and Moodle.