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The purpose of this study is a presentation of the thermal management of a flat plate solar collector via employing entropy generation analysis. The collector channel is completely saturated by porous metal foam locating in thermal non-equilibrium conditions. Al2O3–Cu/water hybrid nanofluid has been chosen in the role of working fluid, and considered flow has been assumed fully developed, hydrodynamically and thermally. The model of Darcy–Brinkman has been utilized to describe the hybrid nanofluid flow through the porous metal foam. Existing a magnetic field in the uniform state, its force affects the momentum equation. In addition, to characterize the temperature field of either phases of solid and fluid of the high porosity medium, two-equation model is utilized. Finally, the effect of key factors including porous media, volume fraction of hybrid nanofluid, and magnetic field on the total entropy generation and its components has been investigated. These results demonstrate that for weak magnetic field, when the base fluid’s Reynolds number is less than 613, adding more nanoparticle to the base fluid would decrease the dimensionless average total irreversibility and a reverse trend is observed for the base fluid’s Reynolds number. But, when the magnetic field is strong, for the Reynolds lower than 369.6, the dimensionless average total irreversibility is a decreasing function of nanofluid volume fraction and for Reynolds higher than 369.5, the trend would be reverse. In addition, due to the high-temperature gradient on the adsorption plate, a maximum local heat transfer irreversibility occurs on the adsorption plate. Also, due to the high velocity gradient on the solid walls of the collector channel, the maximum local fluid’s friction irreversibility value is placed on the solid walls.
Seyed Pooya Aghili Yegane; Alibakhsh Kasaeian. Role of entropy generation on thermal management of a porous solar collector using Al2O3–Cu/water nanofluid and magnetic field. Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry 2021, 1 -22.
AMA StyleSeyed Pooya Aghili Yegane, Alibakhsh Kasaeian. Role of entropy generation on thermal management of a porous solar collector using Al2O3–Cu/water nanofluid and magnetic field. Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry. 2021; ():1-22.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSeyed Pooya Aghili Yegane; Alibakhsh Kasaeian. 2021. "Role of entropy generation on thermal management of a porous solar collector using Al2O3–Cu/water nanofluid and magnetic field." Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry , no. : 1-22.
Building sector is responsible for approximately 40% of global carbon dioxide emission. Accordingly, any measures for reducing building energy consumption or providing it with renewable sources would substantially benefit sustainable development. A major approach towards this goal could be the application of photovoltaic modules in buildings, which could be conducted in various configurations. Integrating phase change materials with photovoltaic panels could simultaneously provide thermal regulation for the panel as well as thermal energy storage for the building. During the last two decades, research efforts on photovoltaic-phase change material systems for building applications have considerably grown. A systematic review of the current state of knowledge on photovoltaic-PCM modules applied in buildings could greatly benefit future research in this area. With this purpose in mind, the present study reviews the building applications of photovoltaic-phase change material units. The study aims to classify the existing literature on the field for acquiring a better understanding of the technological progress as well as identifying the existing gaps and future research prospects. Research attempts are categorized in four experimental, numerical, optimization, and economic sections. Each category is thoroughly analyzed and discussed in terms of current state of knowledge. Finally, technical analysis and possible future subjects are introduced and discussed.
Omid Mahian; Sahar Ghafarian; Hamid Sarrafha; Alibakhsh Kasaeian; Hossein Yousefi; Wei-Mon Yan. Phase change materials in solar photovoltaics applied in buildings: An overview. Solar Energy 2021, 224, 569 -592.
AMA StyleOmid Mahian, Sahar Ghafarian, Hamid Sarrafha, Alibakhsh Kasaeian, Hossein Yousefi, Wei-Mon Yan. Phase change materials in solar photovoltaics applied in buildings: An overview. Solar Energy. 2021; 224 ():569-592.
Chicago/Turabian StyleOmid Mahian; Sahar Ghafarian; Hamid Sarrafha; Alibakhsh Kasaeian; Hossein Yousefi; Wei-Mon Yan. 2021. "Phase change materials in solar photovoltaics applied in buildings: An overview." Solar Energy 224, no. : 569-592.
In a world with ever-dwindling resources, attention is now being directed towards renewable energy systems. In this paper, a hybrid solar chimney and water desalination plant is simulated and optimized using CFD; giving special attention to the desalination. The objective of this study is to find the optimum geometric parameters and analyze their impact on electricity generation and freshwater production. Transient 2D numerical simulations in ANSYS Fluent, incorporating the discrete ordinates (DO) and volume of fluid (VOF), were performed for six different configurations of a full-scale system. The geometries have different inclination angles for the desalination roof (8° or 10°), the solar collector (8°, 10°, or 12°), and the chimney (0° or 1°). The behavior of the system was investigated using the velocity, temperature, and water desalination charts, which were obtained for a 12-h period. The results showed that a divergent chimney could increase the average air velocity from 17% to 23%, and increase the electricity generation from 64% to 95%. Furthermore, the models with a divergent solar collector could produce almost twice as much freshwater as the models with parallel collectors. The model with the best performance had a divergent chimney with an angle of 1 °, a desalination roof with an angle of 8 °, and a solar collector with an angle of 12 °.
Parisa Rahdan; Alibakhsh Kasaeian; Wei-Mon Yan. Simulation and geometric optimization of a hybrid system of solar chimney and water desalination. Energy Conversion and Management 2021, 243, 114291 .
AMA StyleParisa Rahdan, Alibakhsh Kasaeian, Wei-Mon Yan. Simulation and geometric optimization of a hybrid system of solar chimney and water desalination. Energy Conversion and Management. 2021; 243 ():114291.
Chicago/Turabian StyleParisa Rahdan; Alibakhsh Kasaeian; Wei-Mon Yan. 2021. "Simulation and geometric optimization of a hybrid system of solar chimney and water desalination." Energy Conversion and Management 243, no. : 114291.
In this study, the performance of a photovoltaic-thermal-thermoelectric (PVT-TE) hybrid module under laboratory conditions is evaluated. The hybrid system consists of three main components of a PV module, a TE module, and a cooling unit. To reduce the surface temperature of the PV module and to increase the performance of the whole system, four distinct cooling fluids including natural airflow, water, nano-silica-water (SiO2-H2O), and nano-silver-water (Ag-H2O) were used. From the indoor test results, the highest production capacity and efficiency were obtained when the Ag-H2O was used. Additionally, the use of water, SiO2-H2O, and Ag-H2O reduced the PV module’s surface temperature by 1.77 ℃, 9.76 ℃, and 13.17 ℃, respectively in comparison with the air-based natural flow cooling. The results also indicated that the efficiency values of the system using water, SiO2-H2O, and Ag-H2O are enhanced by 13.09%, 16.17%, 20.68% respectively, compared to the efficiency of the system when the natural airflow is used for cooling. Finally, using the obtained experimental data as the initial population, a multi-objective genetic algorithm (GA) was developed to find the most efficient or the Pareto set of solutions for performance optimization. Comparing the optimized and experimental results revealed that for all types of cooling fluids, the hybrid power and efficiency have the potential to be increased while the required time can significantly be decreased.
Alireza Akbar; Gholamhassan Najafi; Shiva Gorjian; Alibakhsh Kasaeian; Mohamed Mazlan. Performance enhancement of a hybrid photovoltaic-thermal-thermoelectric (PVT-TE) module using nanofluid-based cooling: Indoor experimental tests and multi-objective optimization. Sustainable Energy Technologies and Assessments 2021, 46, 101276 .
AMA StyleAlireza Akbar, Gholamhassan Najafi, Shiva Gorjian, Alibakhsh Kasaeian, Mohamed Mazlan. Performance enhancement of a hybrid photovoltaic-thermal-thermoelectric (PVT-TE) module using nanofluid-based cooling: Indoor experimental tests and multi-objective optimization. Sustainable Energy Technologies and Assessments. 2021; 46 ():101276.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAlireza Akbar; Gholamhassan Najafi; Shiva Gorjian; Alibakhsh Kasaeian; Mohamed Mazlan. 2021. "Performance enhancement of a hybrid photovoltaic-thermal-thermoelectric (PVT-TE) module using nanofluid-based cooling: Indoor experimental tests and multi-objective optimization." Sustainable Energy Technologies and Assessments 46, no. : 101276.
With the emergence of the fourth industrial revolution and extensive promotion of information communication tools, it is on the construction industry to reconsider the current linear design approach and adopt more integrated design approaches that encompass dynamic thermal simulation. Building information modeling (BIM), without a doubt, is a technology, which proposes an integrated practice for building design. Design team using BIM cooperatively work on each activity loop during the design procedure and present a three‐dimensional (3D) design model with all data from various disciplines attached at the final stage. The inclusion of a data‐rich 3D shape into the design procedure marks the dynamic thermal simulation as a simple, accessible, and, more importantly, decisive stage. This article aims to draw the role of BIM in facilitating the inclusion of dynamic thermal simulation in building design procedures. BIM in this article is introduced as an effective remedy for dealing with the linear nature of conventional building design that is the major impediment to the inclusion of dynamic thermal simulations in the design efforts. This article goes through the conventional method's deficiencies and challenges with the BIM‐based method to portray each approach's advantages and disadvantages. Renowned BIM software, interoperable simulation tools, and their distinguishing characteristics are introduced in summary to give a better insight into the application of BIM for dynamic thermal simulation purposes. Additionally, a literature survey on applying the introduced tools is conducted to derive the possible BIM‐based mechanisms for thermal performance and comfort analysis. This article concludes that, regardless of interoperability issues, BIM by coordination of building data and information in a consistent framework significantly facilitates data collection procedure for conducting dynamic thermal simulations. In combination with data collection and interoperable simulation tools, BIM tools provide novel mechanisms for dynamic thermal performance and comfort analysis. Highlights Traditional and BIM‐based building design procedures have been reviewed. The role of iterative simulation in BIM‐based simulation has been elaborated. A BIM‐based framework for building design has been provided. BIM‐based approaches for thermal performance and comfort analysis have been reviewed.
Seyed Mohsen Hosseini; Reza Shirmohammadi; Alibakhsh Kasaeian; Fathollah Pourfayaz. Dynamic thermal simulation based on building information modeling: A review. International Journal of Energy Research 2021, 1 .
AMA StyleSeyed Mohsen Hosseini, Reza Shirmohammadi, Alibakhsh Kasaeian, Fathollah Pourfayaz. Dynamic thermal simulation based on building information modeling: A review. International Journal of Energy Research. 2021; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSeyed Mohsen Hosseini; Reza Shirmohammadi; Alibakhsh Kasaeian; Fathollah Pourfayaz. 2021. "Dynamic thermal simulation based on building information modeling: A review." International Journal of Energy Research , no. : 1.
The low thermal conductivity of organic phase change materials has hindered their widespread use in building applications. In this study, it is attempted to overcome this limitation by investigating the transient thermal performance of adding multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) to n-octadecane. As such, this macroencapsulated, nano-enhanced phase change material (NePCM) was located within a multi-layer wall and its heat transfer was simulated through to the roof and wall sides. The panel’s interior wall temperature distribution, the daily/seasonal charging/discharging cycle, and the effect of the MWCNT’s aspect ratio variation on thermal performance were analysed for a range of weather conditions. The acquired results showed that increasing the PCM’s thermal conductivity, by MWCNT addition, yields a preferable outcome regarding thermal comfort in the selected winter and autumn days, but not on the summer days. By adding 3 wt% of MWCNT, the panel’s latent heat activation increased by 50.1%, 18.5%, and 39.7% for summer, autumn, and winter days, respectively. Furthermore, increasing the MWCNT’s aspect ratio showed a noticeable enhancement effect on the thermal conductivity, until a limit for NePCMs, with a higher nanotube concentration.
Hamid Sarrafha; Alibakhsh Kasaeian; Mohammad Hossein Jahangir; Robert A. Taylor. Transient thermal response of multi-walled carbon nanotube phase change materials in building walls. Energy 2021, 224, 120120 .
AMA StyleHamid Sarrafha, Alibakhsh Kasaeian, Mohammad Hossein Jahangir, Robert A. Taylor. Transient thermal response of multi-walled carbon nanotube phase change materials in building walls. Energy. 2021; 224 ():120120.
Chicago/Turabian StyleHamid Sarrafha; Alibakhsh Kasaeian; Mohammad Hossein Jahangir; Robert A. Taylor. 2021. "Transient thermal response of multi-walled carbon nanotube phase change materials in building walls." Energy 224, no. : 120120.
Many studies, as numerical and experimental, regarding the applications of solar dish concentrators have been performed. Most researchers focused on the maximum thermal efficiency, the minimum heat loss, and their relations to the solar receiver geometries. This paper presents and discusses the previous studies investigating different cavity receiver geometries and their optimization methods with parabolic dish collectors. More specifically, cylindrical, hemispherical, conical, and flat sides cavity receivers are investigated in this manuscript. For an inlet operating temperature of 200 °C, the conical cavity shape has shown a thermal efficiency of around 70%, exergy efficiency of 30%, and optical efficiency of around 87%. The working fluid temperature is often around 650 °C–750 °C in the solar dish collectors. Due to high working temperature and cavity shape, heat losses such as radiation, conduction, and convection losses are highlighted that could provide adverse effects upon the system thermal efficiency. Besides, the diameter aspect ratio, the cavity inclination angle, type of tube, and the tube shape can be impressive on the cavity heat losses value. Therefore, the optimized geometry of the cavity receiver is a vital subject. Based on the analyzed issues, some suggestions and concluding remarks are presented.
Alibakhsh Kasaeian; Amir Kouravand; Mohammad Amin Vaziri Rad; Siavash Maniee; Fathollah Pourfayaz. Cavity receivers in solar dish collectors: A geometric overview. Renewable Energy 2020, 169, 53 -79.
AMA StyleAlibakhsh Kasaeian, Amir Kouravand, Mohammad Amin Vaziri Rad, Siavash Maniee, Fathollah Pourfayaz. Cavity receivers in solar dish collectors: A geometric overview. Renewable Energy. 2020; 169 ():53-79.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAlibakhsh Kasaeian; Amir Kouravand; Mohammad Amin Vaziri Rad; Siavash Maniee; Fathollah Pourfayaz. 2020. "Cavity receivers in solar dish collectors: A geometric overview." Renewable Energy 169, no. : 53-79.
Since a high photovoltaic panel (PV) temperature impacts the electrical output power, especially in tropical countries, the use of some cooling methods such as fluid flows, phase change materials (PCMs), and porous media has been suggested as an attractive option. In this study, these methods are integrated experimentally; a novel low-cost porous medium is developed using aluminum shavings, considered as waste materials in some industries, to increase the thermal conductivity of the phase change material. Then, the combination of this porous medium with salt hydrate is added to the water-based photovoltaic-thermal (PV/T) system; the electrical, thermal, and exergy efficiencies of the units are measured in July and December. The results of this research show that the photovoltaic-thermal unit, integrated with phase change material and porous medium, would have a high cooling performance by reducing the average temperature of the photovoltaic panel. The 24 °C reduction would augment the electrical efficiency by 2.5%, compared to solo PV, in the warm month. Also, it is found that, by using a porous medium, the melting time of the phase change material decreases by about 19%-25%. This method yields a maximum of 4.34% exergy efficiency improvement, compared to the single photovoltaic unit.
Mohammad Amin Vaziri Rad; Alibakhsh Kasaeian; Soroush Mousavi; Fatemeh Rajaee; Amir Kouravand. Empirical investigation of a photovoltaic-thermal system with phase change materials and aluminum shavings porous media. Renewable Energy 2020, 167, 662 -675.
AMA StyleMohammad Amin Vaziri Rad, Alibakhsh Kasaeian, Soroush Mousavi, Fatemeh Rajaee, Amir Kouravand. Empirical investigation of a photovoltaic-thermal system with phase change materials and aluminum shavings porous media. Renewable Energy. 2020; 167 ():662-675.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMohammad Amin Vaziri Rad; Alibakhsh Kasaeian; Soroush Mousavi; Fatemeh Rajaee; Amir Kouravand. 2020. "Empirical investigation of a photovoltaic-thermal system with phase change materials and aluminum shavings porous media." Renewable Energy 167, no. : 662-675.
Conventional desalination plants mostly require high energy levels, which could produce high levels of carbon dioxide, if provided by fossil fuels. While this energy could be efficiently provided by solar energy, this energy's intermittent nature is an excellent barrier to this approach. Incorporating phase change materials (PCM) in desalination units could help achieve a more prolonged desalination process. In this experimental study, a PCM-enhanced single-slope solar still is investigated regarding the effect of low-temperature PCM on the overall productivity and efficiency and basin temperature parameters. For this purpose, a commercial salt hydrate low-temperature PCM with the melting point of 28 °C and latent heat of fusion of 225 kJ/kg was selected as a novel approach in this field. Three test cases, including still without PCM, still with 3 kg of PCM, and still with 6 kg of PCM were investigated. During each experiment, the operational temperature, hourly and cumulative productivities, and desalination efficiency were measured and calculated. It was found that adding 6 kg of PCM could enhance the overall productivity by 30.3% while increasing the desalination efficiency from 28.13% to 36.42%. The results show that low-temperature PCMs could be efficiently utilized to improve the solar stills' performance.
Maryam Jahanpanah; Seyyed Javad Sadatinejad; Alibakhsh Kasaeian; Mohammad Hossein Jahangir; Hamid Sarrafha. Experimental investigation of the effects of low-temperature phase change material on single-slope solar still. Desalination 2020, 499, 114799 .
AMA StyleMaryam Jahanpanah, Seyyed Javad Sadatinejad, Alibakhsh Kasaeian, Mohammad Hossein Jahangir, Hamid Sarrafha. Experimental investigation of the effects of low-temperature phase change material on single-slope solar still. Desalination. 2020; 499 ():114799.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMaryam Jahanpanah; Seyyed Javad Sadatinejad; Alibakhsh Kasaeian; Mohammad Hossein Jahangir; Hamid Sarrafha. 2020. "Experimental investigation of the effects of low-temperature phase change material on single-slope solar still." Desalination 499, no. : 114799.
The increasing demand for energy around the world makes it vital to use more suitable and efficient power generation systems. Combined heat and power (CHP) systems can produce power and heating with high possible efficiency. Also, in recent years, there has been a particular emphasis on exergy analysis for enhancing the efficiency of CHPs. In this work, the exergy analyses for different CHP systems with varying sources of power are reviewed. This paper includes six sections as gas turbines, reciprocating engines, Rankine cycles, fuel cells, organic Rankine cycles (ORC), and hybrid energy systems. Also, it has been tried to cover the modeling, experimental, analytical, and simulation studies. The results show that the exergy analysis of high-performance small-scale CHPs, for residential areas, are not adequate still. More research works are also recommended on hybrid CHPs with renewable power sources like fuel cells, solar energy, ground-source heat pumps, and biomass fuels. Besides, conducting economic studies is recommended, along with exergy analyses. Based on the survey, the gaps have been identified. Some recommendations for future developments are proposed based on the application of renewable sources in CHPs and improving their exergy efficiency.
Omid Mahian; Mohammad Reza Mirzaie; Alibakhsh Kasaeian; Seyed Hossein Mousavi. Exergy analysis in combined heat and power systems: A review. Energy Conversion and Management 2020, 226, 113467 .
AMA StyleOmid Mahian, Mohammad Reza Mirzaie, Alibakhsh Kasaeian, Seyed Hossein Mousavi. Exergy analysis in combined heat and power systems: A review. Energy Conversion and Management. 2020; 226 ():113467.
Chicago/Turabian StyleOmid Mahian; Mohammad Reza Mirzaie; Alibakhsh Kasaeian; Seyed Hossein Mousavi. 2020. "Exergy analysis in combined heat and power systems: A review." Energy Conversion and Management 226, no. : 113467.
Photovoltaic (PV) modules generate high amounts of heat during electricity production process. The excess heat could lower the overall module efficiency. Therefore, seeking methods of reducing PV cell’s heat gain could potentially enhance the overall module performance. One such method, is to incorporate Phase Change Materials (PCM), which could also be integrated with other heat rejection methods. In this paper, a building-integrated photovoltaic-thermal (BIPVT) system comprising a PCM layer as well a gap for airflow beneath the PCM layer is numerically investigated. For comparison purposes, four commercial PCM types were selected, namely RT18HC, RT21, RT21HC, and RT25HC. For each PCM, the cell temperature, overall module’s efficiency, and the unit output airflow temperature was investigated. Furthermore, the effect of PCM layer thickness on the aforementioned system performance criteria was also analyzed. The effect of solar intensity apart from the ambient temperature on the module performance was assessed in advance as a novel approach. It was revealed that for a specific layer thickness, incorporating RT18HC, which has the highest latent heat of fusion among the PCMs, yielded the lowest PV temperature, lowest output airflow temperature, and highest PV efficiency. At 1:00 p.m. and for 50 mm of PCM layer thickness, the PV efficiency of the system with RT18HC was improved by 1.71% as compared to the module with RT21. In addition, it was shown that the PCM layer thickness has an optimum value in improving the system performance. Increasing the thickness beyond the optimum value did not yield significant enhancement. For RT18HC, the optimum layer thickness acquired to be 120 mm. Finally, it was shown that the cell efficiency was highly affected by solar radiation intensity, while the output airflow temperature was more affected by the ambient temperature.
Mohammad Hossein Jahangir; Seyed Mohammad Emami Razavi; Alibakhsh Kasaeian; Hamid Sarrafha. Comparative study on thermal performance of an air based photovoltaic/thermal system integrated with different phase change materials. Solar Energy 2020, 208, 1078 -1090.
AMA StyleMohammad Hossein Jahangir, Seyed Mohammad Emami Razavi, Alibakhsh Kasaeian, Hamid Sarrafha. Comparative study on thermal performance of an air based photovoltaic/thermal system integrated with different phase change materials. Solar Energy. 2020; 208 ():1078-1090.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMohammad Hossein Jahangir; Seyed Mohammad Emami Razavi; Alibakhsh Kasaeian; Hamid Sarrafha. 2020. "Comparative study on thermal performance of an air based photovoltaic/thermal system integrated with different phase change materials." Solar Energy 208, no. : 1078-1090.
The importance of timely diagnosis and the complete treatment of lung cancer for many people with this deadly disease daily increases due to its high mortality. Diagnosis and treatment with helping the nanoparticles are useful, although they have reasonable harms. This article points out that the side effects of using carbon nanotube (CNT) in this disease treatment process such as inflammation, fibrosis, and carcinogenesis are very problematic. Toxicity can reduce to some extent using the techniques such as functionalizing to proper dimensions as a longer length, more width, and greater curvature. The targeted CNT sensors can be connected to various modified vapors. In this regard, with helping this method, screening makes non-invasive diagnosis possible. Researchers have also found that nanoparticles such as CNTs could be used as carriers to direct drug delivery, especially with chemotherapy drugs. Most of these carriers were multi-wall carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) used for cancerous cell targeting. The results of laboratory and animal researches in the field of diagnosis and treatment became very desirable and hopeful. The collection of researches summarized has highlighted the requirement for a detailed assessment which includes CNT dose, duration, method of induction, etc., to achieve the most controlled conditions for animal and human studies. In the discussion section, 4 contradictory issues are discussed which are invited researchers to do more research to get clearer results.
Mojgan Sheikhpour; Maryam Naghinejad; Alibakhsh Kasaeian; Armaghan Lohrasbi; Seyed Sadegh Shahraeini; Shahab Zomorodbakhsh. The Applications of Carbon Nanotubes in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Lung Cancer: A Critical Review. International Journal of Nanomedicine 2020, ume 15, 7063 -7078.
AMA StyleMojgan Sheikhpour, Maryam Naghinejad, Alibakhsh Kasaeian, Armaghan Lohrasbi, Seyed Sadegh Shahraeini, Shahab Zomorodbakhsh. The Applications of Carbon Nanotubes in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Lung Cancer: A Critical Review. International Journal of Nanomedicine. 2020; ume 15 ():7063-7078.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMojgan Sheikhpour; Maryam Naghinejad; Alibakhsh Kasaeian; Armaghan Lohrasbi; Seyed Sadegh Shahraeini; Shahab Zomorodbakhsh. 2020. "The Applications of Carbon Nanotubes in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Lung Cancer: A Critical Review." International Journal of Nanomedicine ume 15, no. : 7063-7078.
Natural disasters are considered as severe humankind’s challenges, which would make a large number of people homeless. Hence, it is vital to provide people with temporary shelters, energy, and freshwater. The purpose of this article is to find the most reliable and economical way to supply energy and water for the residential and health care containers in the different climatic conditions of Iran. Accordingly, a stand-alone hybrid energy system, including solar panels, small wind turbines, fuel generators, and battery banks is taken into consideration. The main objective of this research is to estimate the impact of various parameters such as the project lifetime, dispatch strategies for hybrid system control, and salvage on the optimum system. In addition, a sensitivity analysis regarding the economic and climatic parameters is performed to generalize the results for other areas. The results show that the cycle charging strategy is an appropriate controlling method for a hybrid system, especially for the short-term projects, in which the salvage value causes a high economic uncertainty. In addition, the study indicates that, due to the uniform power generation profile and the affordable cost of energy ranging from 0.130 $/kWh to 0.167 $/kWh, the hybrid system could be practically attainable. For the long-term project, the optimal renewable fraction is between 31.9% and 55.2%; while, for the short-term project, this value is between 12.5% and 21.4%. In the optimum dispatch strategy, for the project lifetime between 4 and 20 years, the impact of salvage on the final cost of the system would vary from 30% to 3%. These results highlight the importance of the salvage parameter in the economic viability of renewable systems.
Mohammad Amin Vaziri Rad; Ardavan Shahsavari; Fatemeh Rajaee; Alibakhsh Kasaeian; Fathollah Pourfayaz; Wei-Mon Yan. Techno-economic assessment of a hybrid system for energy supply in the affected areas by natural disasters: A case study. Energy Conversion and Management 2020, 221, 113170 .
AMA StyleMohammad Amin Vaziri Rad, Ardavan Shahsavari, Fatemeh Rajaee, Alibakhsh Kasaeian, Fathollah Pourfayaz, Wei-Mon Yan. Techno-economic assessment of a hybrid system for energy supply in the affected areas by natural disasters: A case study. Energy Conversion and Management. 2020; 221 ():113170.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMohammad Amin Vaziri Rad; Ardavan Shahsavari; Fatemeh Rajaee; Alibakhsh Kasaeian; Fathollah Pourfayaz; Wei-Mon Yan. 2020. "Techno-economic assessment of a hybrid system for energy supply in the affected areas by natural disasters: A case study." Energy Conversion and Management 221, no. : 113170.
Recently, suspensions of several nanoparticles or nanocomposites have attained a vast field of application in biomedical research works in some specified conditions and clinical trials. These valuable suspensions, which allow the nanoparticles to disperse and act in homogenous and stable media, are named as nanofluids. Several studies have introduced the advantages of nanofluids in biomedical approaches in different fields. Few review articles have been reported for presenting an overview of the wide biomedical applications of nanofluids, such as diagnosis and therapy. The review is focused on nanosuspensions, as the nanofluids with solid particles. Major applications are focused on nanosuspension, which is the main type of nanofluids. So, concise content about major biomedical applications of nanofluids in drug delivery systems, imaging, and antibacterial activities is presented in this paper. For example, applying magnetic nanofluid systems is an important route for targeted drug delivery, hyperthermia, and differential diagnosis. Also, nanofluids could be used as a potential antibacterial agent to overcome antibiotic resistance. This study could be useful for presenting the novel and applicable methods for success in current medical practice.
Mojgan Sheikhpour; Mohadeseh Arabi; Alibakhsh Kasaeian; Ali Rokn Rabei; Zahra Taherian. Role of Nanofluids in Drug Delivery and Biomedical Technology: Methods and Applications. Nanotechnology, Science and Applications 2020, ume 13, 47 -59.
AMA StyleMojgan Sheikhpour, Mohadeseh Arabi, Alibakhsh Kasaeian, Ali Rokn Rabei, Zahra Taherian. Role of Nanofluids in Drug Delivery and Biomedical Technology: Methods and Applications. Nanotechnology, Science and Applications. 2020; ume 13 ():47-59.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMojgan Sheikhpour; Mohadeseh Arabi; Alibakhsh Kasaeian; Ali Rokn Rabei; Zahra Taherian. 2020. "Role of Nanofluids in Drug Delivery and Biomedical Technology: Methods and Applications." Nanotechnology, Science and Applications ume 13, no. : 47-59.
In this study, an experimental setup consisting of a photovoltaic thermal collector integrated with a thermoelectric module was fabricated and its efficacy was tested. Five various cooling approaches were utilized in the hybrid photovoltaic thermal/thermoelectric system. The considered coolants were water, air, and two different types of nanofluids including SiO2-water and Fe3O4-water. Energy, exergy and environmental analyses carried out using the experimental data to evaluate the influence of coolant type on the performance of hybrid system. Different parameters such as the inlet/outlet temperature of coolants, the ambient temperature and the surface temperature of the unit were measured during experimental tests. According to the results, SiO2-water nanofluid was the best coolant that yielded the maximum energy efficiency at the fixed irradiation of 900 W/m2. It was found that the exergy efficiency is increased by using nanofluids. Application of natural cooling with air resulted in the lowest power generation, carbon mitigated, and carbon credits. Consequently, the application of nanofluids is recommended for increasing power generation, carbon mitigated, and carbon credits of the photovoltaic thermal/thermoelectric system.
Shohreh Soltani; Alibakhsh Kasaeian; Ali Lavajoo; Reyhaneh Loni; Gholamhassan Najafi; Omid Mahian. Exergetic and enviromental assessment of a photovoltaic thermal-thermoelectric system using nanofluids: Indoor experimental tests. Energy Conversion and Management 2020, 218, 112907 .
AMA StyleShohreh Soltani, Alibakhsh Kasaeian, Ali Lavajoo, Reyhaneh Loni, Gholamhassan Najafi, Omid Mahian. Exergetic and enviromental assessment of a photovoltaic thermal-thermoelectric system using nanofluids: Indoor experimental tests. Energy Conversion and Management. 2020; 218 ():112907.
Chicago/Turabian StyleShohreh Soltani; Alibakhsh Kasaeian; Ali Lavajoo; Reyhaneh Loni; Gholamhassan Najafi; Omid Mahian. 2020. "Exergetic and enviromental assessment of a photovoltaic thermal-thermoelectric system using nanofluids: Indoor experimental tests." Energy Conversion and Management 218, no. : 112907.
The ever increasing rate of energy consumption, limited fossil fuels and pollution have made the expansion of renewable resources essential. Due to the suitable solar potential available in Iran, the use of solar energy has been developed more than other renewable resources. In this paper, photovoltaic (PV) panels are hybridized with battery banks and the power grid to provide electricity for 100 residential units and by performing a techno-economic-environmental analysis on the use of different solar tracking systems PV power generation is maximized. The final aim of this paper is to find the optimum scenario for reaching the highest efficiency along with emissions that are within the standard range. Also, the effect of grid sell back on the results is estimated and a sensitivity analysis is performed to generalize the results for other economic and climate conditions. Results show that the use of the solar tracking system significantly reduces the number of needed panels, but this size reduction is not always cost-effective due to the high cost of tracking units. The vertical tracking system indicated the best cost-efficiency with 0.241 $/kWh cost of energy and an average of 23% improvement on the output power. Although the dual-axis tracker improved power production by 32%, it was less cost-efficient. Sensitivity analysis indicated that with 33% renewable fraction and slightly different initial costs, the optimum cost of energy will vary from 0.227 to 0.255 $/kWh.
Mohammad Amin Vaziri Rad; Ashkan Toopshekan; Parisa Rahdan; Alibakhsh Kasaeian; Omid Mahian. A comprehensive study of techno-economic and environmental features of different solar tracking systems for residential photovoltaic installations. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 2020, 129, 109923 .
AMA StyleMohammad Amin Vaziri Rad, Ashkan Toopshekan, Parisa Rahdan, Alibakhsh Kasaeian, Omid Mahian. A comprehensive study of techno-economic and environmental features of different solar tracking systems for residential photovoltaic installations. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews. 2020; 129 ():109923.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMohammad Amin Vaziri Rad; Ashkan Toopshekan; Parisa Rahdan; Alibakhsh Kasaeian; Omid Mahian. 2020. "A comprehensive study of techno-economic and environmental features of different solar tracking systems for residential photovoltaic installations." Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 129, no. : 109923.
In this work, a numerical study of thermal performance enhancement of a flat plate solar collector has been presented. The collector channel is completely filled with porous media, and the Darcy–Brinkman model is used to characterize the flow field of hybrid nanofluid inside this region. Due to the existence of a uniform magnetic field, the effect of the force applied by the field on the momentum equation is considered. In addition, since the LTNE condition has been used, to describe the thermal field, two-equation model is employed. The flow has been assumed fully developed from hydro-dynamically and thermally aspects. The conservation equations of momentum and energy solved numerically. The results have been compared with previous studies, and a good agreement between them has been observed. Eventually, the effects of key parameters of hybrid nanofluid and porous media on the velocity and temperature distributions, Nusselt number, friction factor, and collector’s comprehensive performance have been scrutinized. The outcomes demonstrate that from heat transfer standpoint, in a constant volume fraction of nanoparticles, the mixture of copper and alumina with equal volume fraction works better than pure alumina nanoparticles, and there is no significant difference with pure copper nanoparticles. The results show that when the pore density changes from 5 PPI to 40 PPI, the collector comprehensive performance ratio in the porosity of 0.85 is equal to 0.445, while it is 0.487 in the porosity of 0.95. This ratio, in the Hartman numbers of 0 and 120, is equal to 0.274 and 0.655, respectively. Moreover, comprehensive performance of the collector is an inverse function of pore density, the porosity and Hartman number.
Seyed Pooya Aghili Yegane; Alibakhsh Kasaeian. Thermal performance assessment of a flat-plate solar collector considering porous media, hybrid nanofluid and magnetic field effects. Journal of thermal analysis 2020, 141, 1969 -1980.
AMA StyleSeyed Pooya Aghili Yegane, Alibakhsh Kasaeian. Thermal performance assessment of a flat-plate solar collector considering porous media, hybrid nanofluid and magnetic field effects. Journal of thermal analysis. 2020; 141 (5):1969-1980.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSeyed Pooya Aghili Yegane; Alibakhsh Kasaeian. 2020. "Thermal performance assessment of a flat-plate solar collector considering porous media, hybrid nanofluid and magnetic field effects." Journal of thermal analysis 141, no. 5: 1969-1980.
In this paper, the efficient amounts of radiation received by a flat‐plate collector and top heat loss coefficient along with affecting parameters are investigated using measured data in different climates of Iran. Coded program in MATLAB software is then distributed to calculate the optimum tilt angle for extracting the highest solar radiation in different months of the year for five cities of Iran with different geographic latitudes. An optimal annual slope is obtained for maximum utilization and for conditions where the collector can only be adjusted at an angle during the year. Using an interpolation, an equation has been derived for obtaining the optimal tilt angle of collector for areas with latitude between 27° and 37°. Inasmuch as the top heat loss coefficient is required for evaluating the thermal performance of solar collectors, the value for different temperatures is obtained at ambient temperature up to 200°C for the absorber plate. Effects of key parameters such as collector slope, number of covers, wind speed, emittance coefficient of adsorption plate, and cover spacing on top heat loss coefficient are investigated. In the end, the particle swarm optimization (PSO) method is employed to minimize the top heat loss coefficient. The minimum amount of top heat loss coefficient is obtained with the amount of 0.99 W/m2K.
Fathollah Pourfayaz; Reza Shirmohammadi; Akbar Maleki; Alibakhsh Kasaeian. Improvement of solar flat‐plate collector performance by optimum tilt angle and minimizing top heat loss coefficient using particle swarm optimization. Energy Science & Engineering 2020, 8, 2771 -2783.
AMA StyleFathollah Pourfayaz, Reza Shirmohammadi, Akbar Maleki, Alibakhsh Kasaeian. Improvement of solar flat‐plate collector performance by optimum tilt angle and minimizing top heat loss coefficient using particle swarm optimization. Energy Science & Engineering. 2020; 8 (8):2771-2783.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFathollah Pourfayaz; Reza Shirmohammadi; Akbar Maleki; Alibakhsh Kasaeian. 2020. "Improvement of solar flat‐plate collector performance by optimum tilt angle and minimizing top heat loss coefficient using particle swarm optimization." Energy Science & Engineering 8, no. 8: 2771-2783.
Nowadays, photovoltaic panels have been known as effective devices to harness solar energy. These panels mainly convert the UV and visible areas of the solar spectrum into electricity and the rest of the energy is dissipated. One of the favorable methods to take advantage of such dissipated heat is to combine thermoelectric generators (TEG) utilizing the IR area of the solar radiation with photovoltaic panels. Having the different and opposite impact on the efficiency of thermal photovoltaic cells (PV/T) and thermoelectric generators (TEG), the system operating temperature appears as a critical parameter in the productivity of a PV/T-TEG hybrid unit. In the present study, a novel heat sink for a PV/T-TEG hybrid system is introduced. The effectiveness of simultaneous usage of the Co3O4/water nanofluid and the improved phase change material (paraffin wax/Alumina powder) as a cooling method on the performance of the PV/T-TEG is examined throughout an experimental study. Then, the overall electrical, thermal and exergy efficiency of such a system is compared to the units with divers working fluids including water and 0.25%, 0.5%, and 1% nanofluid and the unit consisting of 1% nanofluid with non-enhanced PCM cooling method. The results reveal that using 1% nanofluid with enhanced PCM, as a cooling method, would improve the overall electrical efficiency by 12.28% compared to water cooling technique. Also, an increase of 11.6% in the exergy efficiency of the PV/T-TEG is observed in comparison with PV/T-TEG with the water cooling method. Hence, it could be concluded that the combination of this unit could contribute to harnessing solar energy more efficiently, compared to solo photovoltaic panels.
Fatemeh Rajaee; Mohammad Amin Vaziri Rad; Alibakhsh Kasaeian; Omid Mahian; Wei-Mon Yan. Experimental analysis of a photovoltaic/thermoelectric generator using cobalt oxide nanofluid and phase change material heat sink. Energy Conversion and Management 2020, 212, 112780 .
AMA StyleFatemeh Rajaee, Mohammad Amin Vaziri Rad, Alibakhsh Kasaeian, Omid Mahian, Wei-Mon Yan. Experimental analysis of a photovoltaic/thermoelectric generator using cobalt oxide nanofluid and phase change material heat sink. Energy Conversion and Management. 2020; 212 ():112780.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFatemeh Rajaee; Mohammad Amin Vaziri Rad; Alibakhsh Kasaeian; Omid Mahian; Wei-Mon Yan. 2020. "Experimental analysis of a photovoltaic/thermoelectric generator using cobalt oxide nanofluid and phase change material heat sink." Energy Conversion and Management 212, no. : 112780.
Combined heat and power systems are emerging in the market nowadays. Using renewable energy resources is an inspiring idea to make these systems more efficient and environmentally friendly. This study aims to present a combination of photovoltaic array, wind turbine, and diesel generator to produce electricity and heat with 100% reliability, simultaneously. Also, a battery storage system is considered to save the excess generated electricity and supply the unmet load when enough production is not available. A step-by-step procedure is introduced for modeling different configurations of the system. The Grey Wolf Optimization, as a heuristic search method, is applied to find the optimal size of the system components. The results show that in the optimum state, a 4.1 kW diesel generator supplies the electrical load along with about half of the thermal load. The remaining thermal demand is provided by natural gas. Also, it has the highest share of electricity production in autumn and winter. Moreover, a 4.7 kW battery storage system has been used to meet the load when the production capacity of the generator is not enough. This layout has zero loss of power supply and the minimum net present cost. The net present cost for this combination is about 187,000 Swiss Franc, considering the initial costs, maintenance costs, replacement costs, and fuel costs.
Omid Mahian; Mohammad Javidmehr; Alibakhsh Kasaeian; Sassan Mohasseb; Mouzhan Panahi. Optimal sizing and performance assessment of a hybrid combined heat and power system with energy storage for residential buildings. Energy Conversion and Management 2020, 211, 112751 .
AMA StyleOmid Mahian, Mohammad Javidmehr, Alibakhsh Kasaeian, Sassan Mohasseb, Mouzhan Panahi. Optimal sizing and performance assessment of a hybrid combined heat and power system with energy storage for residential buildings. Energy Conversion and Management. 2020; 211 ():112751.
Chicago/Turabian StyleOmid Mahian; Mohammad Javidmehr; Alibakhsh Kasaeian; Sassan Mohasseb; Mouzhan Panahi. 2020. "Optimal sizing and performance assessment of a hybrid combined heat and power system with energy storage for residential buildings." Energy Conversion and Management 211, no. : 112751.