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Andrea Principi
Centre for Socio-Economic Research on Aging, IRCCS INRCA—National Institute of Health and Science on Aging, 60124 Ancona, Italy

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Journal article
Published: 23 December 2020 in International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
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Worldwide, active aging policy calls for greater participation of senior citizens in the social, economic, and political realms. Despite emerging evidence of initiatives engaging senior citizens in social activities, little is known about the use of participatory approaches in the design and/or implementation of policies that matter to older citizens. This article identifies initiatives facilitating the civic participation of older people in policy-making in European Union member and associate states, drawing on a review of the literature, consultation of national policy experts, and exemplary case studies. Four main patterns of senior civic participation are identified: adopting consultative or co-decisional participatory approaches in policy design or policy implementation. The four are represented to varying degrees at different geographical levels (national, regional, local), with different actor configurations (appointed, elected/nominated, corporate representation), and with varying degree of institutionalization (temporary/permanent). Case studies illustrate approaches taken to enhance the quality and effectiveness of public services for senior citizens. Future research should strengthen this line of enquiry to cast further light on conditions facilitating the civic participation of senior citizens.

ACS Style

Roberto Falanga; Andreas Cebulla; Andrea Principi; Marco Socci. The Participation of Senior Citizens in Policy-Making: Patterning Initiatives in Europe. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2020, 18, 34 .

AMA Style

Roberto Falanga, Andreas Cebulla, Andrea Principi, Marco Socci. The Participation of Senior Citizens in Policy-Making: Patterning Initiatives in Europe. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2020; 18 (1):34.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Roberto Falanga; Andreas Cebulla; Andrea Principi; Marco Socci. 2020. "The Participation of Senior Citizens in Policy-Making: Patterning Initiatives in Europe." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 1: 34.

Journal article
Published: 21 December 2020 in International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
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Active ageing (AA) policies aim to improve quality of life of older people by enabling better social participation and inclusion. Despite many international initiatives to promote AA undertaken in recent years, Italy did not systematically address this policy challenge until very recently. This paper presents the first national Plan-of-Action (PoA) (2019–2022) adopted by this country for supporting policy design and recommendation in this field. The PoA aims to create a multilevel, co-managed coordination of AA policies, by involving a network of national and regional policy makers, experts, researchers and stakeholders in civil society. The ad-hoc consultation process established for this purpose helps the recognition of different interests and expectations on AA, fostering new solutions by involvement, consultation and joint discussion of policy options. The PoA is designed to cover the traditional policy cycle, including the stages of agenda setting, policy formulation, decision-making, implementation and monitoring. At the end of the period covered by the PoA, an Italian AA Strategy will be launched to achieve systematic impact in this field, thus ensuring a long-term, sustainable impact on national and regional policy makers, civil society and research community.

ACS Style

Francesco Barbabella; Eralba Cela; Claudia Di Matteo; Marco Socci; Giovanni Lamura; Pietro Checcucci; Andrea Principi. New Multilevel Partnerships and Policy Perspectives on Active Ageing in Italy: A National Plan of Action. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2020, 17, 9585 .

AMA Style

Francesco Barbabella, Eralba Cela, Claudia Di Matteo, Marco Socci, Giovanni Lamura, Pietro Checcucci, Andrea Principi. New Multilevel Partnerships and Policy Perspectives on Active Ageing in Italy: A National Plan of Action. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2020; 17 (24):9585.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Francesco Barbabella; Eralba Cela; Claudia Di Matteo; Marco Socci; Giovanni Lamura; Pietro Checcucci; Andrea Principi. 2020. "New Multilevel Partnerships and Policy Perspectives on Active Ageing in Italy: A National Plan of Action." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 24: 9585.

Journal article
Published: 03 April 2020 in International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
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Building on the active aging framework, the aim of this study, carried out between 2016 and 2018, is to analyze concrete experiences of older individuals acting as key players of social change in six local communities of five European countries (Bulgaria, Denmark, England, France, Spain). The 19 seniors involved in the study, according to social contexts, individual past experiences, knowledge, and motivations, acted as senior social entrepreneurs, trying to build a pathway towards social solutions for unmet social problems they detected in local communities. Data were collected via templates and questionnaires and analyzed using the thematic analysis. The results highlighted that the 16 local initiatives created by seniors concerned social problems such as food waste, social isolation, multicultural integration, etc. The social solutions implemented by seniors seemed to have the potential to produce social value and, to different degrees, encouraging results and impact. Since this “social experiment” provided evidence that senior social entrepreneuring could be a driver to solve societal problems, policy makers should sustain the spread of both social entrepreneurial mindset and practices at the European level, for catalyzing the active potential of older people for the benefit of European local communities.

ACS Style

Marco Socci; David Clarke; Andrea Principi. Active Aging: Social Entrepreneuring in Local Communities of Five European Countries. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2020, 17, 2440 .

AMA Style

Marco Socci, David Clarke, Andrea Principi. Active Aging: Social Entrepreneuring in Local Communities of Five European Countries. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2020; 17 (7):2440.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Marco Socci; David Clarke; Andrea Principi. 2020. "Active Aging: Social Entrepreneuring in Local Communities of Five European Countries." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 7: 2440.

Journal article
Published: 31 March 2020 in International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
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The debate on policies addressing the challenges posed by population ageing pays increasing attention to sustainable and innovative ways to tackle the multidimensional impact this phenomenon has on society and individuals. Moving from the findings of two European research projects, a qualitative study based on a rapid review of the literature, expert interviews, focus groups and case studies analysis has been carried out in Italy. This study illustrates which social innovations have been recently implemented in this country’s long-term care (LTC) sector, and the areas in which further steps are urgently needed in the future. This takes place by first highlighting the existing links between social innovation and LTC, and then by identifying the key factors that can facilitate or hinder the implementation of these initiatives. Finally, the study suggests how to promote social innovation, by strengthening the “integration” and “coordination” of available services and resources, through a—for this country still relatively—new approach towards ageing, based on pillars such as prevention and education campaigns on how to promote well-being in older age.

ACS Style

Georgia Casanova; Andrea Principi; Giovanni Lamura. Social Innovation in Long-Term Care: Lessons from the Italian Case. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2020, 17, 2367 .

AMA Style

Georgia Casanova, Andrea Principi, Giovanni Lamura. Social Innovation in Long-Term Care: Lessons from the Italian Case. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2020; 17 (7):2367.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Georgia Casanova; Andrea Principi; Giovanni Lamura. 2020. "Social Innovation in Long-Term Care: Lessons from the Italian Case." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 7: 2367.

Journal article
Published: 04 March 2020 in International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
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This paper identifies, within companies’ sectors of activity, predictors of Human Resource (HR) policies to extend working life (EWL) in light of increasing policy efforts at the European level to extend working life. Three types of EWL practices are investigated: the prevention of early retirement (i.e., encouraging employees to continue working until the legal retirement age); delay of retirement (i.e., encouraging employees to continue working beyond the legal retirement age); and, recruitment of employees who are already retired (i.e., unretirement). A sample of 4624 European organizations that was stratified by size and sector is analyzed in six countries. The main drivers for companies’ EWL practices are the implementation of measures for older workers to improve their performance, their working conditions, and to reduce costs. In industry, the qualities and skills of older workers could be more valued than in other sectors, while the adoption of EWL practices might be less affected by external economic and labor market factors in the public sector. Dutch and Italian employers may be less prone than others to extend working lives. These results underline the importance of raising employers’ awareness and increase their actions to extend employees’ working lives by adopting age management initiatives, especially in SMEs, and in the services and public sectors.

ACS Style

Andrea Principi; Jürgen Bauknecht; Mirko Di Rosa; Marco Socci. Employees’ Longer Working Lives in Europe: Drivers and Barriers in Companies. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2020, 17, 1658 .

AMA Style

Andrea Principi, Jürgen Bauknecht, Mirko Di Rosa, Marco Socci. Employees’ Longer Working Lives in Europe: Drivers and Barriers in Companies. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2020; 17 (5):1658.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Andrea Principi; Jürgen Bauknecht; Mirko Di Rosa; Marco Socci. 2020. "Employees’ Longer Working Lives in Europe: Drivers and Barriers in Companies." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 5: 1658.

Journal article
Published: 23 September 2019 in Aging & Mental Health
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Objectives: This longitudinal study explores whether the working situation (no change in working hours despite care, reduction of working hours due to care or not working) moderates mental and physical health of informal caregivers of older people with Alzheimer's disease (AD) in Italy. Methods: Data from a sample of 146 caregivers of older people with moderate AD involved in the UP-TECH trial across three waves were analysed. Multivariate analyses were used to study the association between independent variables (caregivers' work situation) and dependent variables (caregivers' psycho-physical health). In a second model, elements relating to the caregiver, the cared-for individual and the caregiving situation were added as controls. Results: Being forced to reduce working hours due to care tasks or not being employed independently from care was negatively associated with informal caregiver's physical health, compared with working carers not experiencing reduction of working hours. In the extended model, this result was confirmed. In comparison with working carers not forced to reduce working hours, non-working carers experienced higher levels of caregiver burden and depression, however these results were not confirmed in the adjusted model. Other factors also emerged as important including weekly hours of care, the cared-for older individual's ADL/IADL scores and informal support network. Conclusions: Given the positive effect of labour force participation on health of informal caregivers of older people with AD, policy makers should promote their employment avoiding their forced reduction of working hours, while also putting measures in place to decrease the intensity of informal care provision.

ACS Style

Marco Socci; Andrea Principi; Mirko Di Rosa; Patricia Carney; Carlos Chiatti; Fabrizia Lattanzio. Impact of working situation on mental and physical health for informal caregivers of older people with Alzheimer’s disease in Italy. Results from the UP-TECH longitudinal study. Aging & Mental Health 2019, 25, 22 -31.

AMA Style

Marco Socci, Andrea Principi, Mirko Di Rosa, Patricia Carney, Carlos Chiatti, Fabrizia Lattanzio. Impact of working situation on mental and physical health for informal caregivers of older people with Alzheimer’s disease in Italy. Results from the UP-TECH longitudinal study. Aging & Mental Health. 2019; 25 (1):22-31.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Marco Socci; Andrea Principi; Mirko Di Rosa; Patricia Carney; Carlos Chiatti; Fabrizia Lattanzio. 2019. "Impact of working situation on mental and physical health for informal caregivers of older people with Alzheimer’s disease in Italy. Results from the UP-TECH longitudinal study." Aging & Mental Health 25, no. 1: 22-31.

Journal article
Published: 07 March 2019 in Research on Aging
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This article examines the relationship between health and volunteering in advanced age in a cross-national comparison. We used longitudinal data from five waves of the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe covering 13 European countries from 2004 to 2015 and employed dynamic random-effects probit models to study the consequences of declining health on voluntary work. Our results confirm that worsening health conditions (i.e., mobility limitations and depression) reduce the likelihood of volunteering, whereas chronic diseases do not. Most interestingly, we found important differences across countries: Worsening health reduces voluntary work participation, especially in contexts characterized by high rates of volunteering. Our findings have implications for policy makers and voluntary organizations that aim to encourage participation: Individual characteristics and contextual aspects must be taken into account, and people with health problems might need specific support through policies, recruitment, and retention even in contexts of overall high levels of volunteering.

ACS Style

Roberta Papa; Giorgio Cutuli; Andrea Principi; Stefani Scherer. Health and Volunteering in Europe: A Longitudinal Study. Research on Aging 2019, 41, 670 -696.

AMA Style

Roberta Papa, Giorgio Cutuli, Andrea Principi, Stefani Scherer. Health and Volunteering in Europe: A Longitudinal Study. Research on Aging. 2019; 41 (7):670-696.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Roberta Papa; Giorgio Cutuli; Andrea Principi; Stefani Scherer. 2019. "Health and Volunteering in Europe: A Longitudinal Study." Research on Aging 41, no. 7: 670-696.

Journal article
Published: 05 September 2018 in The International Journal of Aging and Human Development
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This study examines the role of planning and plan fulfillment for retirement satisfaction using a dynamic resource theory approach. A 3-year qualitative longitudinal design was deployed with interviews conducted first on the cusp of retirement, then 1 and 2 years after retirement. The final sample comprised 41 individuals from England, 40 from Italy, and 30 from the United States. Realizing plans was found to be linked to retirement satisfaction. However, many retirees adjusted well to retirement without planning in advance, or when plans were thwarted, and sometimes retirement did not live up to expectations despite fulfillment of plans. Psychological resources and resilience were key dimensions of satisfaction regardless of planning. Retirement satisfaction was also associated with social integration, adoption of new social roles, and opportunities to be active within and beyond the private sphere, such as volunteering or participating in leisure oriented clubs or activities. Regardless of planning, the quality of family relationships was a particularly important element for retirement satisfaction or dissatisfaction.

ACS Style

Andrea Principi; Deborah Smeaton; Kevin Cahill; Sara Santini; Helen Barnes; Marco Socci. What Happens to Retirement Plans, and Does This Affect Retirement Satisfaction? The International Journal of Aging and Human Development 2018, 90, 152 -175.

AMA Style

Andrea Principi, Deborah Smeaton, Kevin Cahill, Sara Santini, Helen Barnes, Marco Socci. What Happens to Retirement Plans, and Does This Affect Retirement Satisfaction? The International Journal of Aging and Human Development. 2018; 90 (2):152-175.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Andrea Principi; Deborah Smeaton; Kevin Cahill; Sara Santini; Helen Barnes; Marco Socci. 2018. "What Happens to Retirement Plans, and Does This Affect Retirement Satisfaction?" The International Journal of Aging and Human Development 90, no. 2: 152-175.

Original articles
Published: 02 July 2018 in Educational Gerontology
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Adopting a longitudinal approach, this article examines downward occupational mobility (DOM) later in working life and its effects on job satisfaction and perceptions of working conditions of older workers in Europe. The main aim was to test whether the risk that workers will be negatively impacted and marginalised in the labour market due to demotion into lower quality jobs is offset by benefits. Based on an ordinal logistic regression of merged SHARE and ELSA datasets, the study found a positive significant impact of DOM on overall job satisfaction. Moreover, DOM was associated with a statistically significant reduction in workload pressure, although it did increase physical work demand. This article adds to the literature on marginalisation of workers with indications that the lower income and status associated with DOM at older ages may have offsetting benefits.

ACS Style

Martin Nekola; Andrea Principi; Michal Svarc; Markéta Nekolová; Deborah Smeaton. Job change in later life: A process of marginalization? Educational Gerontology 2018, 44, 1 -13.

AMA Style

Martin Nekola, Andrea Principi, Michal Svarc, Markéta Nekolová, Deborah Smeaton. Job change in later life: A process of marginalization? Educational Gerontology. 2018; 44 (7):1-13.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Martin Nekola; Andrea Principi; Michal Svarc; Markéta Nekolová; Deborah Smeaton. 2018. "Job change in later life: A process of marginalization?" Educational Gerontology 44, no. 7: 1-13.

Journal article
Published: 17 May 2018 in International Journal of Ageing and Later Life
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Using methodological triangulation the study examines reverse retirement in Italy, the United States and England to explore the salience of cultural and structural factors and to consider the extent to which returning to work is a constrained choice. Analysis of harmonised panel data (HRS, ELSA and SHARE) indicates that reverse retirement is most common in the United States and extremely rare in Italy. In the liberal economies of the United States and England, financial factors are key determinants, including retirement income, having more children, children under 30 and mortgage debt. However, a certain degree of advantage is a prerequisite for returning to work, including higher education, good health, younger age, and free from caring responsibilities – opportunity structures and capacity to work therefore remain barriers for some older groups. Despite international convergence in the policy landscape, “retirement” continues to hold different meanings in the three distinct national contexts with implications for later life working.

ACS Style

Deborah Smeaton; Mirko Di Rosa; Andrea Principi; Zoe Butler. Reverse retirement — a mixed methods study of returning to work in England, Italy and the United States: propensities, predictors and preferences. International Journal of Ageing and Later Life 2018, 12, 5 -40.

AMA Style

Deborah Smeaton, Mirko Di Rosa, Andrea Principi, Zoe Butler. Reverse retirement — a mixed methods study of returning to work in England, Italy and the United States: propensities, predictors and preferences. International Journal of Ageing and Later Life. 2018; 12 (1):5-40.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Deborah Smeaton; Mirko Di Rosa; Andrea Principi; Zoe Butler. 2018. "Reverse retirement — a mixed methods study of returning to work in England, Italy and the United States: propensities, predictors and preferences." International Journal of Ageing and Later Life 12, no. 1: 5-40.

Journal article
Published: 20 September 2016 in Journal of Aging & Social Policy
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ACS Style

Georgia Casanova; Giovanni Lamura; Andrea Principi. Valuing and Integrating Informal Care as a Core Component of Long-Term Care for Older People: A Comparison of Recent Developments in Italy and Spain. Journal of Aging & Social Policy 2016, 29, 1 -17.

AMA Style

Georgia Casanova, Giovanni Lamura, Andrea Principi. Valuing and Integrating Informal Care as a Core Component of Long-Term Care for Older People: A Comparison of Recent Developments in Italy and Spain. Journal of Aging & Social Policy. 2016; 29 (3):1-17.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Georgia Casanova; Giovanni Lamura; Andrea Principi. 2016. "Valuing and Integrating Informal Care as a Core Component of Long-Term Care for Older People: A Comparison of Recent Developments in Italy and Spain." Journal of Aging & Social Policy 29, no. 3: 1-17.

Journal article
Published: 22 August 2016 in Ageing and Society
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This study explores whether the plans of older workers on the cusp of retirement are in line with the active ageing agenda set by policy makers in Europe. The study was carried out in Italy, England, and the United States of America (USA). A total of 133 older workers who planned to retire within the next 10–12 months were interviewed (55 in England, 40 in Italy and 38 in the USA) between May 2014 and early 2015 using common semi-structured questions. Active Ageing Index dimensions were used to gauge the orientation of older people towards their retirement. The results of the study suggest that, with some differences, retirement plans of interviewees were substantially consistent with the active ageing perspective. However, some challenges were highlighted, including the need for governments to do more to promote genuine freedom of choice in relation to leaving the labour market, and to provide greater support for informal family carers. Findings also pointed to the need to measure active ageing in connection with individual wellbeing, e.g. by including indicators of leisure activities and by considering the re-weighting of employment and informal care dimensions. Companies could also provide more support during the retirement transition, with opportunities for maintained social connection with former colleagues, and help in making and fulfilling retirement plans.

ACS Style

Andrea Principi; Sara Santini; Marco Socci; Deborah Smeaton; Kevin E. Cahill; Sandra Vegeris; Helen Barnes. Retirement plans and active ageing: perspectives in three countries. Ageing and Society 2016, 38, 56 -82.

AMA Style

Andrea Principi, Sara Santini, Marco Socci, Deborah Smeaton, Kevin E. Cahill, Sandra Vegeris, Helen Barnes. Retirement plans and active ageing: perspectives in three countries. Ageing and Society. 2016; 38 (1):56-82.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Andrea Principi; Sara Santini; Marco Socci; Deborah Smeaton; Kevin E. Cahill; Sandra Vegeris; Helen Barnes. 2016. "Retirement plans and active ageing: perspectives in three countries." Ageing and Society 38, no. 1: 56-82.

Book chapter
Published: 27 July 2016 in Social Exclusion
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The factors hypothesized to increase vulnerability to social exclusion among older adults include aging-related characteristics such as deteriorating health, retirement, decreases in income, separation from former social networks, discrimination and prejudice against older people (ageism), and lack of community resources that promote interaction with others. Older adults with a lifetime of material disadvantage are particularly at risk for social exclusion. Gerontologists have focused for many years on the societal, social, and personal factors that may produce social exclusion among older adults and lead to negative impacts on health and well-being. Gerontologists have studied the process of maintaining social engagement and connections across life; social integration (the state of being connected to others) has been established as a fundamental determinant of health, not only among older adults but across the life course. Personal perceptions and experiences of age stereotyping and discrimination based on age have also been associated with the health and well-being of older adults. In this chapter, we review empirical research studies of social isolation, social integration and engagement, and ageism and how they are related to the well-being of older adults. We also discuss how social interventions based on volunteerism may help prevent or mitigate social isolation among older adults who are most at risk of social exclusion and also possibly counter societal ageism.

ACS Style

Elaine Wethington; Karl Pillemer; Andrea Principi. Research in Social Gerontology: Social Exclusion of Aging Adults. Social Exclusion 2016, 177 -195.

AMA Style

Elaine Wethington, Karl Pillemer, Andrea Principi. Research in Social Gerontology: Social Exclusion of Aging Adults. Social Exclusion. 2016; ():177-195.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Elaine Wethington; Karl Pillemer; Andrea Principi. 2016. "Research in Social Gerontology: Social Exclusion of Aging Adults." Social Exclusion , no. : 177-195.

Journal article
Published: 13 May 2016 in European Journal of Ageing
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It has been widely recognised that poor health is one of the main barriers to participation in volunteer activities in older age. Therefore, it is crucial to examine the participation of older people in volunteering, especially those in poor health. Based on the resource theory of volunteering, the aim of this study is to better understand the correlates of volunteering among older people with different health statuses, namely those without health problems (neither multimorbidity nor disability), those with mild health problems (multimorbidity or disability), and those with severe health problems (multimorbidity and disability). Data were drawn from the fourth wave (2011–2012, release 1.1.1) of the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe, which includes European people aged 50 years or older. The results showed that variables linked to volunteering were generally similar regardless of health status, but some differences were nevertheless identified. For older people with mild or severe health problems, for instance, depressive symptoms were negatively associated with their involvement in volunteer activities. We found a positive association of being widowed (rather than married) with volunteering in older people with particularly poor health, whereas high income was associated with volunteering in the case of mild health problems only. These results demonstrate that variables associated with volunteer participation partially differ between older people depending on their health status. These differences should be considered by policy makers in their attempts to promote volunteering in older people, as a means of preventing their social exclusion.

ACS Style

Andrea Principi; Henrike Galenkamp; Roberta Papa; Marco Socci; Bianca Suanet; Andrea Schmidt; Katharine Schulmann; Stella Golinowska; Agnieszka Sowa-Kofta; Amilcar Moreira; Dorly J. H. Deeg. Do predictors of volunteering in older age differ by health status? European Journal of Ageing 2016, 13, 91 -102.

AMA Style

Andrea Principi, Henrike Galenkamp, Roberta Papa, Marco Socci, Bianca Suanet, Andrea Schmidt, Katharine Schulmann, Stella Golinowska, Agnieszka Sowa-Kofta, Amilcar Moreira, Dorly J. H. Deeg. Do predictors of volunteering in older age differ by health status? European Journal of Ageing. 2016; 13 (2):91-102.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Andrea Principi; Henrike Galenkamp; Roberta Papa; Marco Socci; Bianca Suanet; Andrea Schmidt; Katharine Schulmann; Stella Golinowska; Agnieszka Sowa-Kofta; Amilcar Moreira; Dorly J. H. Deeg. 2016. "Do predictors of volunteering in older age differ by health status?" European Journal of Ageing 13, no. 2: 91-102.

Original investigation
Published: 04 May 2016 in European Journal of Ageing
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Older people spend much time participating in leisure activities, such as taking part in organized activities and going out, but the extent of participation may differ according to both individual and environmental resources available. Chronic health problems become more prevalent at higher ages and likely necessitate tapping different resources to maintain social participation. This paper compares predictors of participation in social leisure activities between older people with and those without multimorbidity. The European Project on Osteoarthritis (EPOSA) was conducted in Germany, UK, Italy, The Netherlands, Spain and Sweden (N = 2942, mean age 74.2 (5.2)). Multivariate regression was used to predict social leisure participation and degree of participation in people with and without multimorbidity. Fewer older people with multimorbidity participated in social leisure activities (90.6 %), compared to those without multimorbidity (93.9 %). The frequency of participation was also lower compared to people without multimorbidity. Higher socioeconomic status, widowhood, a larger network of friends, volunteering, transportation possibilities and having fewer depressive symptoms were important for (the degree of) social leisure participation. Statistically significant differences between the multimorbidity groups were observed for volunteering and driving a car, which were more important predictors of participation in those with multimorbidity. In contrast, self-reported income appeared more important for those without multimorbidity, compared to those who had multimorbidity. Policies focusing on social (network of friends), physical (physical performance) and psychological factors (depressive symptoms) and on transportation possibilities are recommended to enable all older people to participate in social leisure activities.

ACS Style

Henrike Galenkamp; Cristina Gagliardi; Andrea Principi; Stanislawa Golinowska; Amilcar Moreira; Andrea Schmidt; Juliane Winkelmann; Agnieszka Sowa-Kofta; Suzan Van Der Pas; Dorly J. H. Deeg. Predictors of social leisure activities in older Europeans with and without multimorbidity. European Journal of Ageing 2016, 13, 129 -143.

AMA Style

Henrike Galenkamp, Cristina Gagliardi, Andrea Principi, Stanislawa Golinowska, Amilcar Moreira, Andrea Schmidt, Juliane Winkelmann, Agnieszka Sowa-Kofta, Suzan Van Der Pas, Dorly J. H. Deeg. Predictors of social leisure activities in older Europeans with and without multimorbidity. European Journal of Ageing. 2016; 13 (2):129-143.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Henrike Galenkamp; Cristina Gagliardi; Andrea Principi; Stanislawa Golinowska; Amilcar Moreira; Andrea Schmidt; Juliane Winkelmann; Agnieszka Sowa-Kofta; Suzan Van Der Pas; Dorly J. H. Deeg. 2016. "Predictors of social leisure activities in older Europeans with and without multimorbidity." European Journal of Ageing 13, no. 2: 129-143.

Journal article
Published: 23 April 2016 in European Journal of Ageing
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Due to an increased prevalence of chronic diseases, older individuals may experience a deterioration of their health condition in older ages, limiting their capacity for social engagement and in turn their well-being in later life. Focusing on care provision to grandchildren and (older) relatives (‘informal care’) as forms of engagement, this paper aims to identify which individual characteristics may compensate for health deficits and enable individuals with multimorbidity to provide informal care. We use data from the SHARE survey (2004–2012) for individuals aged 60 years and above in 10 European countries. Logistic regression estimates for the impact of different sets of characteristics on the decision to provide care are presented separately for people with and without multimorbidity. Adapting Arber and Ginn’s resource theory, we expected that older caregivers’ resources (e.g., income or having a spouse) would facilitate informal care provision to a greater extent for people with multimorbidity compared to those without multimorbidity, but this result was not confirmed. While care provision rates are lower among individuals suffering from chronic conditions, the factors associated with caregiving for the most part do not differ significantly between the two groups. Results, however, hint at reciprocal intergenerational support patterns within families, as the very old with multimorbidity are more likely to provide care than those without multimorbidity. Also, traditional gender roles for women are likely to be weakened in the presence of health problems, as highlighted by a lack of gender differences in care provision among people with multimorbidity.

ACS Style

Andrea Schmidt; Stefania Ilinca; Katharine Schulmann; Ricardo Rodrigues; Andrea Principi; Francesco Barbabella; Agnieszka Sowa-Kofta; Stanislawa Golinowska; Dorly Deeg; Henrike Galenkamp. Fit for caring: factors associated with informal care provision by older caregivers with and without multimorbidity. European Journal of Ageing 2016, 13, 103 -113.

AMA Style

Andrea Schmidt, Stefania Ilinca, Katharine Schulmann, Ricardo Rodrigues, Andrea Principi, Francesco Barbabella, Agnieszka Sowa-Kofta, Stanislawa Golinowska, Dorly Deeg, Henrike Galenkamp. Fit for caring: factors associated with informal care provision by older caregivers with and without multimorbidity. European Journal of Ageing. 2016; 13 (2):103-113.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Andrea Schmidt; Stefania Ilinca; Katharine Schulmann; Ricardo Rodrigues; Andrea Principi; Francesco Barbabella; Agnieszka Sowa-Kofta; Stanislawa Golinowska; Dorly Deeg; Henrike Galenkamp. 2016. "Fit for caring: factors associated with informal care provision by older caregivers with and without multimorbidity." European Journal of Ageing 13, no. 2: 103-113.

Original investigation
Published: 18 April 2016 in European Journal of Ageing
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Little attention has been given to the involvement in formal learning activities (FLA) in the older population when considering different health statuses. The aim of this study is to explore the extent to which possible predictors (derived from previous research as well as a conceptual model) of FLA differ for older people in poor and good health. Data are used from SHARE 2010/2011 for the 50+ populations in 16 European countries. Poor health is defined as self-report of having two or more chronic diseases assessed by a medical doctor, i.e. multimorbidity. Possible predictors of learning activities represent individual characteristics: functional limitations, demography (age, gender, marital status and household size), human capital (achieved level of education), employment, income and participation in other social activities. To assess the predictors of FLA, logistic regression models are used and average marginal estimates are compared across groups. In addition to multimorbidity, labour market activity is used as a grouping variable. The average participation of individuals in the group with multimorbidity was nearly 50 % lower than that in the group in good health (6.5 vs. 13.3 %). Regardless of multimorbidity, human capital proved to be significant predictors of FLA, especially in those active on the labour market. However, the associations were weaker in the multimorbidity group. Also, significant associations were observed of other types of social activities, in particular cultural and leisure activity and volunteering, with FLA. This study suggests that similar factors are predictors of FLA in older people with and without multimorbidity.

ACS Style

Stanisława Golinowska; Agnieszka Sowa-Kofta; Dorly Deeg; Marco Socci; Andrea Principi; Ricardo Rodrigues; Stefania Ilinca; Henrike Galenkamp. Participation in formal learning activities of older Europeans in poor and good health. European Journal of Ageing 2016, 13, 115 -127.

AMA Style

Stanisława Golinowska, Agnieszka Sowa-Kofta, Dorly Deeg, Marco Socci, Andrea Principi, Ricardo Rodrigues, Stefania Ilinca, Henrike Galenkamp. Participation in formal learning activities of older Europeans in poor and good health. European Journal of Ageing. 2016; 13 (2):115-127.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Stanisława Golinowska; Agnieszka Sowa-Kofta; Dorly Deeg; Marco Socci; Andrea Principi; Ricardo Rodrigues; Stefania Ilinca; Henrike Galenkamp. 2016. "Participation in formal learning activities of older Europeans in poor and good health." European Journal of Ageing 13, no. 2: 115-127.

Original investigation
Published: 12 March 2016 in European Journal of Ageing
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Religious attendance is an important element of activity for older Europeans, especially in more traditional countries. The aim of the analysis is to explore whether it could be an element contributing to active ageing as well as to assess differences between the religious activity of older individuals with and without multimorbidity defined as an occurrence of two or more illnesses. The analysis is conducted based on the SHARE database (2010–2011) covering 57,391 individuals 50+ from 16 European countries. Logistic regressions are calculated to assess predictors of religious activity. Results point that religious activity often occurs in multimorbidity what could be driven by the need for comfort and compensation from religion. It is also significantly correlated with other types of social activities: volunteering or learning, even among the population with multimorbidity. There is a positive relation between religious activity and age, although its effect is weaker in the case of multimorbidity, as well as being female. Mobility limitations are found to decrease religious participation in both morbidity groups and might be related to discontinuation of religious practices in older age. The economic situation of older individuals is an insignificant factor for religious attendance. Religious attendance can be an element of active ageing, but also a compensation and adaptation to disadvantages occurring in older age and multimorbidity. At the same time, religious activities are often provided at the community level and targeted to population in poorer health.

ACS Style

Agnieszka Sowa; Stanisława Golinowska; Dorly Deeg; Andrea Principi; Georgia Casanova; Katherine Schulmann; Stefania Ilinca; Ricardo Rodrigues; Amilcar Moreira; Henrike Gelenkamp. Predictors of religious participation of older Europeans in good and poor health. European Journal of Ageing 2016, 13, 145 -157.

AMA Style

Agnieszka Sowa, Stanisława Golinowska, Dorly Deeg, Andrea Principi, Georgia Casanova, Katherine Schulmann, Stefania Ilinca, Ricardo Rodrigues, Amilcar Moreira, Henrike Gelenkamp. Predictors of religious participation of older Europeans in good and poor health. European Journal of Ageing. 2016; 13 (2):145-157.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Agnieszka Sowa; Stanisława Golinowska; Dorly Deeg; Andrea Principi; Georgia Casanova; Katherine Schulmann; Stefania Ilinca; Ricardo Rodrigues; Amilcar Moreira; Henrike Gelenkamp. 2016. "Predictors of religious participation of older Europeans in good and poor health." European Journal of Ageing 13, no. 2: 145-157.

Journal article
Published: 01 January 2016 in PRISMA Economia - Società - Lavoro
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ACS Style

Giovanni Lamura; Andrea Principi. Invecchiamento e rapporti intergenerazionali: uno sguardo d'insieme. PRISMA Economia - Società - Lavoro 2016, 9 -26.

AMA Style

Giovanni Lamura, Andrea Principi. Invecchiamento e rapporti intergenerazionali: uno sguardo d'insieme. PRISMA Economia - Società - Lavoro. 2016; (3):9-26.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Giovanni Lamura; Andrea Principi. 2016. "Invecchiamento e rapporti intergenerazionali: uno sguardo d'insieme." PRISMA Economia - Società - Lavoro , no. 3: 9-26.

Journal article
Published: 03 August 2015 in Personnel Review
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Purpose – To explore whether the ages of human resources (HR) managers has an impact on their perceptions of the qualities/characteristics of older and younger workers (i.e., manager attitudes) and on the implementation of age management initiatives to the benefit of older workers (i.e., manager behaviors). The paper aims to discuss this issue. Design/methodology/approach – Based on theories concerning the origins of stereotypes and the concept of “in-group bias”, three hypotheses were tested on a sample of HR managers from 516 Italian companies extracted from the Gfk Eurisko database by using factor analyses and bivariate and multivariate tools. Findings – The age of an HR manager seems to influence his/her attitudes towards older and younger workers, because HR managers judge workers of a similar age to them more positively. In contrast, the age of an HR manager does not seem to play a particular role in the implementation of age management initiatives. In the companies considered, however, there is a tendency to adopt early retirement schemes when the HR managers concerned are younger, while in general there is a tendency to implement age management initiatives and show a greater appreciation of older workers in larger companies. Practical implications – The implementation of age management initiatives to the benefit of older workers may improve HR managers ' perceptions of those workers ' positive qualities. Furthermore, specific training may help HR managers recognize that both younger and older workers have useful albeit different strengths. Originality/value – This study provides new empirical evidence from the Italian context on the largely under-investigated issue of the role played by age in shaping HR managers ' attitudes towards older workers, and age management policies in particular.

ACS Style

Andrea Principi; Paolo Fabbietti; Giovanni Lamura. Perceived qualities of older workers and age management in companies. Personnel Review 2015, 44, 801 -820.

AMA Style

Andrea Principi, Paolo Fabbietti, Giovanni Lamura. Perceived qualities of older workers and age management in companies. Personnel Review. 2015; 44 (5):801-820.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Andrea Principi; Paolo Fabbietti; Giovanni Lamura. 2015. "Perceived qualities of older workers and age management in companies." Personnel Review 44, no. 5: 801-820.