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Traditional mineral resource availability assessment methods always have strong assumptions and limitations on application. Both the physical mechanism of the Hubbert model and the economic mechanism of the Hotelling model can evaluate only specific dimensions of the availability of mineral resources. Therefore, we propose a hybrid model that could explain mineral resource availability from geological factors to the metal market. In this model, mineral resource availability will be assessed by two indicators in a coordinate system. One is the marginal effect of mining technology, which is calculated by the Cobb-Douglas production function. Another is the price elasticity ratio of reserve and production. Meanwhile, we apply this model to assess 13 kinds of strategic minerals in China. Among them, the availability potential of gold, tin and lead is large in the future, while that of iron, aluminum and copper is relatively small. In addition, zirconium, chromium, lithium, cobalt, tungsten and nickel are technology-based strategic minerals, while molybdenum is a market-oriented strategic mineral. Moreover, we put forward the classified management policy based on empirical results.
Yongguang Zhu; Deyi Xu; Saleem H. Ali; Jinhua Cheng. A hybrid assessment model for mineral resource availability potentials. Resources Policy 2021, 74, 102283 .
AMA StyleYongguang Zhu, Deyi Xu, Saleem H. Ali, Jinhua Cheng. A hybrid assessment model for mineral resource availability potentials. Resources Policy. 2021; 74 ():102283.
Chicago/Turabian StyleYongguang Zhu; Deyi Xu; Saleem H. Ali; Jinhua Cheng. 2021. "A hybrid assessment model for mineral resource availability potentials." Resources Policy 74, no. : 102283.
Lorenzo Rosa; Maria Cristina Rulli; Saleem Ali; Davide Danilo Chiarelli; Jampel Dell’Angelo; Nathaniel D. Mueller; Arnim Scheidel; Giuseppina Siciliano; Paolo D’Odorico. Author Correction: Energy implications of the 21st century agrarian transition. Nature Communications 2021, 12, 1 -1.
AMA StyleLorenzo Rosa, Maria Cristina Rulli, Saleem Ali, Davide Danilo Chiarelli, Jampel Dell’Angelo, Nathaniel D. Mueller, Arnim Scheidel, Giuseppina Siciliano, Paolo D’Odorico. Author Correction: Energy implications of the 21st century agrarian transition. Nature Communications. 2021; 12 (1):1-1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleLorenzo Rosa; Maria Cristina Rulli; Saleem Ali; Davide Danilo Chiarelli; Jampel Dell’Angelo; Nathaniel D. Mueller; Arnim Scheidel; Giuseppina Siciliano; Paolo D’Odorico. 2021. "Author Correction: Energy implications of the 21st century agrarian transition." Nature Communications 12, no. 1: 1-1.
The ongoing agrarian transition from small-holder farming to large-scale commercial agriculture is reshaping systems of production and human well-being in many regions. A fundamental part of this global transition is manifested in large-scale land acquisitions (LSLAs) by agribusinesses. Its energy implications, however, remain poorly understood. Here, we assess the multi-dimensional changes in fossil-fuel-based energy demand resulting from this agrarian transition. We focus on LSLAs by comparing two scenarios of low-input and high-input agricultural practices, exemplifying systems of production in place before and after the agrarian transition. A shift to high-input crop production requires industrial fertilizer application, mechanization of farming practices and irrigation, which increases by ~5 times fossil-fuel-based energy consumption compared to low-input agriculture. Given the high energy and carbon footprints of LSLAs and concerns over local energy access, our analysis highlights the need for an approach that prioritizes local resource access and incorporates energy-intensity analyses in land use governance.
Lorenzo Rosa; Maria Cristina Rulli; Saleem Ali; Davide Danilo Chiarelli; Jampel Dell’Angelo; Nathaniel D. Mueller; Arnim Scheidel; Giuseppina Siciliano; Paolo D’Odorico. Energy implications of the 21st century agrarian transition. Nature Communications 2021, 12, 1 -9.
AMA StyleLorenzo Rosa, Maria Cristina Rulli, Saleem Ali, Davide Danilo Chiarelli, Jampel Dell’Angelo, Nathaniel D. Mueller, Arnim Scheidel, Giuseppina Siciliano, Paolo D’Odorico. Energy implications of the 21st century agrarian transition. Nature Communications. 2021; 12 (1):1-9.
Chicago/Turabian StyleLorenzo Rosa; Maria Cristina Rulli; Saleem Ali; Davide Danilo Chiarelli; Jampel Dell’Angelo; Nathaniel D. Mueller; Arnim Scheidel; Giuseppina Siciliano; Paolo D’Odorico. 2021. "Energy implications of the 21st century agrarian transition." Nature Communications 12, no. 1: 1-9.
Iman Khan; Muhammad Naveed Iftikhar; Saleem H. Ali; Shua Khalid. Cities and COVID-19: Navigating the New Normal. Global Sustainability 2021, 1 -17.
AMA StyleIman Khan, Muhammad Naveed Iftikhar, Saleem H. Ali, Shua Khalid. Cities and COVID-19: Navigating the New Normal. Global Sustainability. 2021; ():1-17.
Chicago/Turabian StyleIman Khan; Muhammad Naveed Iftikhar; Saleem H. Ali; Shua Khalid. 2021. "Cities and COVID-19: Navigating the New Normal." Global Sustainability , no. : 1-17.
Yongguang Zhu; Saleem H. Ali; Deyi Xu; Jinhua Cheng. Mineral supply challenges during the COVID-19 pandemic suggest need for international supply security mechanism. Resources, Conservation and Recycling 2020, 165, 105231 .
AMA StyleYongguang Zhu, Saleem H. Ali, Deyi Xu, Jinhua Cheng. Mineral supply challenges during the COVID-19 pandemic suggest need for international supply security mechanism. Resources, Conservation and Recycling. 2020; 165 ():105231.
Chicago/Turabian StyleYongguang Zhu; Saleem H. Ali; Deyi Xu; Jinhua Cheng. 2020. "Mineral supply challenges during the COVID-19 pandemic suggest need for international supply security mechanism." Resources, Conservation and Recycling 165, no. : 105231.
According to the 2020 Climate Change Performance Index, Australia was ranked as the worst-performing country on climate change policy. The country has an ambivalent record of climate policy development as well as implementation, and has been criticized for its inaction. This paper considers why the country has been locked in climate policy “paralysis” through analyzing defining attributes of such a paralysis, and the tentative connections between domestic energy policies and international trade and development. We conducted a media content analysis of 222 articles and identified media narratives in three cases of energy projects in the country involving thermal coal exports, domestic renewable energy storage, and closure of a domestic coal power station. The analysis reveals that policy paralysis in Australian climate change policy can be traced back to the countervailing arguments that have been pervasive around domestic energy security, rural employment and international energy poverty. The political establishment has struggled to develop a sustainable consensus on climate change and the citizenry remains polarized. We also discuss how a “focusing event,” such as a major natural disaster can break the impasse but this is only possible if energy security at home, energy poverty abroad and employment imperatives across the board are clearly delineated, measured and prioritized.
Saleem H. Ali; Kamila Svobodova; Jo-Anne Everingham; Mehmet Altingoz. Climate Policy Paralysis in Australia: Energy Security, Energy Poverty and Jobs. Energies 2020, 13, 4894 .
AMA StyleSaleem H. Ali, Kamila Svobodova, Jo-Anne Everingham, Mehmet Altingoz. Climate Policy Paralysis in Australia: Energy Security, Energy Poverty and Jobs. Energies. 2020; 13 (18):4894.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSaleem H. Ali; Kamila Svobodova; Jo-Anne Everingham; Mehmet Altingoz. 2020. "Climate Policy Paralysis in Australia: Energy Security, Energy Poverty and Jobs." Energies 13, no. 18: 4894.
Cradle-to-gate life cycle assessment of metals from land ores versus deep-sea nodules. Using nodules can reduce CO2 emissions by 80% (Ni), 76% (Cu), 29% (Co), and 22% (Mn). Nodules put 94% less sequestered carbon at risk and disrupt sequestration by 88% less. Making 1 billion EV batteries from nodules could reduce atmospheric CO2 by 11.5 Gt.
Daina Paulikas; Steven Katona; Erika Ilves; Saleem H. Ali. Life cycle climate change impacts of producing battery metals from land ores versus deep-sea polymetallic nodules. Journal of Cleaner Production 2020, 275, 123822 .
AMA StyleDaina Paulikas, Steven Katona, Erika Ilves, Saleem H. Ali. Life cycle climate change impacts of producing battery metals from land ores versus deep-sea polymetallic nodules. Journal of Cleaner Production. 2020; 275 ():123822.
Chicago/Turabian StyleDaina Paulikas; Steven Katona; Erika Ilves; Saleem H. Ali. 2020. "Life cycle climate change impacts of producing battery metals from land ores versus deep-sea polymetallic nodules." Journal of Cleaner Production 275, no. : 123822.
Non-timber forest products have often been held out as potential tools for conservation and sustainable development, but sustainability assessments are frequently difficult and time-consuming, especially in conflict areas. Thus, rapid assessments can be useful in providing a broad overview of the harvesting system in order to generate meaningful conservation or development recommendations. Here, we use rapid assessment methodology, including semi-structured interviews and direct observations, to examine the frankincense harvesting system in Somaliland in 2010 and again in 2016 and 2017. We identified significant levels of overharvesting, driven by a breakdown of the traditional management system. Demand for resin and resin prices increased dramatically from 2010 to 2017, at the same time as the tree populations were declining, resource tenure security was weakening, drug use was increasing, and the supply chain was becoming more complex. These factors combine to incentivize short-term unsustainable practices, and the lack of traceability and transparency prevents international buyers from meaningfully engaging with the system. However, new technologies and approaches being employed mean that buyers will soon be able to clearly direct their purchasing in order to incentivize sustainable practices and purchase resin in an ethical manner.
Anjanette DeCarlo; Saleem Ali; Marta Ceroni. Ecological and Economic Sustainability of Non-Timber Forest Products in Post-Conflict Recovery: A Case Study of the Frankincense (Boswellia spp.) Resin Harvesting in Somaliland (Somalia). Sustainability 2020, 12, 3578 .
AMA StyleAnjanette DeCarlo, Saleem Ali, Marta Ceroni. Ecological and Economic Sustainability of Non-Timber Forest Products in Post-Conflict Recovery: A Case Study of the Frankincense (Boswellia spp.) Resin Harvesting in Somaliland (Somalia). Sustainability. 2020; 12 (9):3578.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAnjanette DeCarlo; Saleem Ali; Marta Ceroni. 2020. "Ecological and Economic Sustainability of Non-Timber Forest Products in Post-Conflict Recovery: A Case Study of the Frankincense (Boswellia spp.) Resin Harvesting in Somaliland (Somalia)." Sustainability 12, no. 9: 3578.
Anthropogenic mineral is absorbing wide concern in the context of circular economy, but its generation mechanism and quantity from product to waste remain unclear. Here we consider three product groups, 30 products, and use the revised Weibull lifespan model to map the generation of anthropogenic mineral and 23 types of the capsulated materials by targeting their evolution from 2010 to 2050. Total weight of anthropogenic mineral on average in China reached 39 Mt in 2010, but it will double in 2022 and quadruple in 2045. Stocks of precious metals and rare earths will increase faster than most base materials. The total economic potential in yearly-generated anthropogenic mineral is anticipated to grow markedly from 100 billion US$ in 2020 to 400 billion US$ in 2050. Furthermore, anthropogenic mineral of around 20 materials will be capable to meet projected consumption of three product groups by 2050.
Xianlai Zeng; Saleem H. Ali; Jinping Tian; Jinhui Li. Mapping anthropogenic mineral generation in China and its implications for a circular economy. Nature Communications 2020, 11, 1544 .
AMA StyleXianlai Zeng, Saleem H. Ali, Jinping Tian, Jinhui Li. Mapping anthropogenic mineral generation in China and its implications for a circular economy. Nature Communications. 2020; 11 (1):1544.
Chicago/Turabian StyleXianlai Zeng; Saleem H. Ali; Jinping Tian; Jinhui Li. 2020. "Mapping anthropogenic mineral generation in China and its implications for a circular economy." Nature Communications 11, no. 1: 1544.
The climate change impacts of mining are often not fully accounted for, although the environmental impact of mineral extraction more generally is widely studied. Copper mining can serve as a case study to analyse the measurable pathways by which mining contributes to climate change through direct and indirect greenhouse gas emissions. For example, mining, processing and transportation require fuel and electricity, and the decomposition of carbonate minerals, employed to reduce environmental impacts, also releases carbon dioxide. Overall, we estimate that greenhouse gas emissions associated with primary mineral and metal production was equivalent to approximately 10% of the total global energy-related greenhouse gas emissions in 2018. For copper mining, fuel consumption increased by 130% and electricity consumption increased by 32% per unit of mined copper in Chile from 2001 to 2017, largely due to decreasing ore grade. This trend of increasing energy demand to produce the same quantity of some metals compounds the problems of increased metal demand due to the pressures of new technologies and increasing population. For green technologies to be implemented effectively, it is necessary that the mining industry and regulators accurately and transparently account for greenhouse gas emissions to implement mitigation strategies.
Mehdi Azadi; Stephen Northey; Saleem H. Ali; Mansour Edraki. Transparency on greenhouse gas emissions from mining to enable climate change mitigation. Nature Geoscience 2020, 13, 100 -104.
AMA StyleMehdi Azadi, Stephen Northey, Saleem H. Ali, Mansour Edraki. Transparency on greenhouse gas emissions from mining to enable climate change mitigation. Nature Geoscience. 2020; 13 (2):100-104.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMehdi Azadi; Stephen Northey; Saleem H. Ali; Mansour Edraki. 2020. "Transparency on greenhouse gas emissions from mining to enable climate change mitigation." Nature Geoscience 13, no. 2: 100-104.
Environmental impact mitigation and conservation projects have also come under the ambit of Randomized Control Trials (RCTs) usage by economists to ascertain the efficacy of specific interventions. However, there are several concerns about the usage of this technique for environmental decision-making which go beyond the usual methodological critiques raised within economic discourse. Environmental planning has established methods of gauging behavioral effectiveness through deliberative processes and collective policy design such as participatory GIS and charrettes. Given the expediency of environmental action when dealing with ecological degradation as well as a normative need to infuse learning about natural resource scarcity and quality, such deliberative methods are far more cost-effective and help to build community relationships and social capital as well. RCT application in environmental policy thus deserves more critical appraisal and should be applied in concert with deliberative planning techniques.
Saleem H. Ali. Environmental urgency versus the allure of RCT empiricism. World Development 2020, 127, 104844 .
AMA StyleSaleem H. Ali. Environmental urgency versus the allure of RCT empiricism. World Development. 2020; 127 ():104844.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSaleem H. Ali. 2020. "Environmental urgency versus the allure of RCT empiricism." World Development 127, no. : 104844.
Climate change mitigation will create new natural resource and supply chain opportunities and dilemmas, because substantial amounts of raw materials will be required to build new low-carbon energy devices and infrastructure (1). However, despite attempts at improved governance and better corporate management, procurement of many mineral and metal resources occurs in areas generally acknowledged for mismanagement, remains environmentally capricious, and, in some cases, is a source of conflict at the sites of resource extraction (2). These extractive and smelting industries have thus left a legacy in many parts of the world of environmental degradation, adverse impacts to public health, marginalized communities and workers, and biodiversity damage. We identify key sustainability challenges with practices used in industries that will supply the metals and minerals—including cobalt, copper, lithium, cadmium, and rare earth elements (REEs)—needed for technologies such as solar photovoltaics, batteries, electric vehicle (EV) motors, wind turbines, fuel cells, and nuclear reactors. We then propose four holistic recommendations to make mining and metal processing more sustainable and just and to make the mining and extractive industries more efficient and resilient.
Benjamin K. Sovacool; Saleem Ali; Morgan Bazilian; Ben Radley; Benoit Nemery; Julia Okatz; Dustin Mulvaney. Sustainable minerals and metals for a low-carbon future. Science 2020, 367, 30 -33.
AMA StyleBenjamin K. Sovacool, Saleem Ali, Morgan Bazilian, Ben Radley, Benoit Nemery, Julia Okatz, Dustin Mulvaney. Sustainable minerals and metals for a low-carbon future. Science. 2020; 367 (6473):30-33.
Chicago/Turabian StyleBenjamin K. Sovacool; Saleem Ali; Morgan Bazilian; Ben Radley; Benoit Nemery; Julia Okatz; Dustin Mulvaney. 2020. "Sustainable minerals and metals for a low-carbon future." Science 367, no. 6473: 30-33.
Saleem Ali. 20. Environmental Cooperation in the Indian Ocean Basin: A Comparative Analysis of the Indus Basin Treaty and the Malé Declaration. Crucible For Survival 2019, 290 -302.
AMA StyleSaleem Ali. 20. Environmental Cooperation in the Indian Ocean Basin: A Comparative Analysis of the Indus Basin Treaty and the Malé Declaration. Crucible For Survival. 2019; ():290-302.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSaleem Ali. 2019. "20. Environmental Cooperation in the Indian Ocean Basin: A Comparative Analysis of the Indus Basin Treaty and the Malé Declaration." Crucible For Survival , no. : 290-302.
Island systems have limited geographical, ecological, and social capacity to metabolize waste materials produced by the economic activities of their growing populations. Conceptualized as a ‘wicked problem’, the faults and weaknesses in waste management systems on islands continue to cause acute and cumulative ecological and human health impacts. Trinidad and Tobago is one such island jurisdiction grappling with this situation, particularly being a petroleum-dependent economy. Through the lens of neo-institutional theory, this case study of waste management in Trinidad and Tobago unpacks the efforts, reactions, drivers and circumstances that have led to various successes and failures but no definitive solutions over time, especially regarding plastics and packaging materials. We identify three temporal phases of policy evolution that have altered the waste metabolism trajectory to date: (1) government led patriarchal approach of traditional landfilling combined with behavioral change campaigns to reduce, reuse, and recycle, (2) to a more democratic, shared burden, public-private partnership approach combined with attempts at incentive-based regulations, (3) to the present, more private sector-led voluntary bans on production and use of plastics. This study contributes to our understanding of the institutional factors that shape the search for solutions to the wicked problem of island waste metabolism.
Kalim U. Shah; Keron Niles; Saleem H. Ali; Dinesh Surroop; Doorgeshwaree Jaggeshar. Plastics Waste Metabolism in a Petro-Island State: Towards Solving a “Wicked Problem” in Trinidad and Tobago. Sustainability 2019, 11, 6580 .
AMA StyleKalim U. Shah, Keron Niles, Saleem H. Ali, Dinesh Surroop, Doorgeshwaree Jaggeshar. Plastics Waste Metabolism in a Petro-Island State: Towards Solving a “Wicked Problem” in Trinidad and Tobago. Sustainability. 2019; 11 (23):6580.
Chicago/Turabian StyleKalim U. Shah; Keron Niles; Saleem H. Ali; Dinesh Surroop; Doorgeshwaree Jaggeshar. 2019. "Plastics Waste Metabolism in a Petro-Island State: Towards Solving a “Wicked Problem” in Trinidad and Tobago." Sustainability 11, no. 23: 6580.
Coal phase-out is an integral part of the ongoing energy transition to a decarbonized economy. Any such process involves diverse actors that compete over the nature and pace of such transition. This research uses the Advocacy Coalition Framework to analyze the conditions of policy change within an adversarial subsystem. It focuses on the coal subsystem in the Czech Republic, a post-communist coal-dependent country with comparatively large economically recoverable reserves. Using data from an organizational survey, exploratory social network analysis techniques are applied to identify advocacy coalitions and deductive block-modeling is used to test hypotheses on the subsystem’s functioning. The focus is on: (1) fragmentation of decision-makers, (2) targeting of decision-makers, and (3) use of expert information. Two competing and ideologically distant coalitions were identified: the Industry Coalition and Environmental Coalition. The results further show high fragmentation among decision-makers, as indicated by their cross-coalition membership and the heterogeneity of their beliefs. The targeting of decision-makers is practiced by principal members of both coalitions, i.e. environmental non-governmental organizations and industry, but also by research organizations. Lastly, expert information exchange strongly overlaps with the identified coalitions and thus increases their cohesiveness. It is argued that such subsystem configuration limits the potential for policy change through negotiated agreement or policy learning. Policy brokers and policy venues are suggested as remedies to moderate the adversarial nature of the subsystem.
Petr Ocelík; Kamila Svobodová; Markéta Hendrychová; Lukáš Lehotský; Jo-Anne Everingham; Saleem Ali; Jaroslaw Badera; Alex Lechner. A contested transition toward a coal-free future: Advocacy coalitions and coal policy in the Czech Republic. Energy Research & Social Science 2019, 58, 101283 .
AMA StylePetr Ocelík, Kamila Svobodová, Markéta Hendrychová, Lukáš Lehotský, Jo-Anne Everingham, Saleem Ali, Jaroslaw Badera, Alex Lechner. A contested transition toward a coal-free future: Advocacy coalitions and coal policy in the Czech Republic. Energy Research & Social Science. 2019; 58 ():101283.
Chicago/Turabian StylePetr Ocelík; Kamila Svobodová; Markéta Hendrychová; Lukáš Lehotský; Jo-Anne Everingham; Saleem Ali; Jaroslaw Badera; Alex Lechner. 2019. "A contested transition toward a coal-free future: Advocacy coalitions and coal policy in the Czech Republic." Energy Research & Social Science 58, no. : 101283.
Signed in December 2015 by 194 countries, the Paris Climate Agreement laid a very encouraging foundation for global attempts to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions and climate change. While this was an important step for the global community, much work remains to be done. Based on climate change and technology scenarios developed by the International Energy Agency in the wake of the agreement, the World Bank has developed a set of projections about the amount and kind of feedstock materials that will be required to achieve these targets in the years ahead. So-called “technology minerals”—including metals like lithium and cobalt that are commonly found in rechargeable batteries, or tellurium that is used to make solar cells—figure prominently. An important aspect of the Paris Agreement is the need for the world economy to shift away from fossil fuels towards green energy networks based on stored electricity and renewable energy sources. But achieving the agreement's ambitious goals will necessarily require dramatic increases in global production rates for technology minerals that are far beyond current levels. Despite the urgent need for these feedstock materials, however, the mineral supply sector is not on track to satisfy anywhere near this demand. To put the industry and its supporting institutions on a path more likely to deliver these vital materials, this paper recommends a more integrated, global, system-wide approach to managing the organizations behind technology minerals: the Smart Mineral Enterprise Development (SMED) framework.
Saleem Ali; Robert K. Perrons; Perrine Toledano; Nicolas Maennling. A model for “smart” mineral enterprise development for spurring investment in climate change mitigation technology. Energy Research & Social Science 2019, 58, 101282 .
AMA StyleSaleem Ali, Robert K. Perrons, Perrine Toledano, Nicolas Maennling. A model for “smart” mineral enterprise development for spurring investment in climate change mitigation technology. Energy Research & Social Science. 2019; 58 ():101282.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSaleem Ali; Robert K. Perrons; Perrine Toledano; Nicolas Maennling. 2019. "A model for “smart” mineral enterprise development for spurring investment in climate change mitigation technology." Energy Research & Social Science 58, no. : 101282.
Nighttime light data are often used to estimate some socioeconomic indicators, such as energy consumption, GDP, population, etc. However, whether there is a causal relationship between them needs further study. In this paper, we propose a causal-effect inference method to test whether nighttime light data are suitable for estimating socioeconomic indicators. Data on electric power consumption and nighttime light intensity in 77 countries were used for the empirical research. The main conclusions are as follows: First, nighttime light data are more appropriate for estimating electric power consumption in developing countries, such as China, India, and others. Second, more latent factors need to be added into the model when estimating the power consumption of developed countries using nighttime light data. Third, the light spillover effect is relatively strong, which is not suitable for estimating socioeconomic indicators in the contiguous regions between developed countries and developing countries, such as Spain, Turkey, and others. Finally, we suggest that more attention should be paid in the future to the intrinsic logical relationship between nighttime light data and socioeconomic indicators.
Yongguang Zhu; Deyi Xu; Saleem H. Ali; Ruiyang Ma; Jinhua Cheng. Can Nighttime Light Data Be Used to Estimate Electric Power Consumption? New Evidence from Causal-Effect Inference. Energies 2019, 12, 3154 .
AMA StyleYongguang Zhu, Deyi Xu, Saleem H. Ali, Ruiyang Ma, Jinhua Cheng. Can Nighttime Light Data Be Used to Estimate Electric Power Consumption? New Evidence from Causal-Effect Inference. Energies. 2019; 12 (16):3154.
Chicago/Turabian StyleYongguang Zhu; Deyi Xu; Saleem H. Ali; Ruiyang Ma; Jinhua Cheng. 2019. "Can Nighttime Light Data Be Used to Estimate Electric Power Consumption? New Evidence from Causal-Effect Inference." Energies 12, no. 16: 3154.
The resolution in 1998 of the armed conflict between Peru and Ecuador through environmental peace-building negotiations, creating a transboundary conservation area, have been heralded as an exemplar of how ecological factors can foster collaboration between adversaries (Ali SH, Peace parks: conservation and conflict resolution. The MIT Press, Cambridge, MA, 2007; Simmons B, Territorial disputes and their resolution: the case of Ecuador and Peru. United States Institute of Peace, Washington, DC, 1999; Herz M, Nogueira JP, Ecuador vs. Peru: Peacemaking amid rivalry, International Peace Academy, occasional paper series. Rienner Publishers, Boulder: L, 2002). This was also a rare case of US mediation resolving a territorial conflict alongside Brazilian diplomacy. However, 20 years later the peace between the two countries has not reaped the conservation dividends expected as other extractive industry interests and drug gangs have found their way into this region. Some of the lessons from earlier peace settlements that went awry need to be considered (Hampson FO, Nurturing peace: why peace settlements succeed or fail. United States Institute of Peace Press, Washington, DC, 1996). This chapter explores the lessons of public-private partnerships for conservation in a post-conflict demilitarized hinterland. It argues that “collateral values” of natural conservation that may be generated through conflict are vulnerable when peace is achieved without proper monitoring and enforcement mechanisms in place. The importance of finding better ways of not just attaining peace but sustaining conservation after peace is addressed through interviews with key stakeholders in a detailed retrospective of this extraordinary case.
Saleem H. Ali. A Casualty of Peace? Lessons on De-militarizing Conservation in the Cordillera del Condor Corridor. Landscape Series 2019, 177 -188.
AMA StyleSaleem H. Ali. A Casualty of Peace? Lessons on De-militarizing Conservation in the Cordillera del Condor Corridor. Landscape Series. 2019; ():177-188.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSaleem H. Ali. 2019. "A Casualty of Peace? Lessons on De-militarizing Conservation in the Cordillera del Condor Corridor." Landscape Series , no. : 177-188.
Due to historical grievances, Armenia and Turkey experience severe international conflicts and do not maintain diplomatic ties. Yet, as a vestige of the Soviet period, when Armenia was not an independent country, both nations share the Arpacay/Akhuryan Dam, and riparian cooperation exists at the local level. We observed that local cross-border water institutions are authorized to manage the dam and do so via polycentric management principles. We suggest that such a devolved model of governance facilitates this unique cooperation. Furthermore, there is a positive relationship between private management of water resources in such areas and the ability to sustain cooperation. However, so far, the positive impacts of this cooperation on improving international relations have been little, if any. We suggest that what makes cooperation possible in this context also inhibits its expansion to broader peacebuilding. We also suggest that increased localization of management, coincident with improved relations, maximizes cooperation potential.
Mehmet Altingoz; Saleem Ali. Environmental Cooperation in Conflict Zones: Riparian Infrastructure at the Armenian–Turkish Border. The Journal of Environment & Development 2019, 28, 309 -335.
AMA StyleMehmet Altingoz, Saleem Ali. Environmental Cooperation in Conflict Zones: Riparian Infrastructure at the Armenian–Turkish Border. The Journal of Environment & Development. 2019; 28 (3):309-335.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMehmet Altingoz; Saleem Ali. 2019. "Environmental Cooperation in Conflict Zones: Riparian Infrastructure at the Armenian–Turkish Border." The Journal of Environment & Development 28, no. 3: 309-335.
Gemstone value is often associated with origin as particular color, clarity, and other attributes of interest to consumers are often determined by the geological location of the stone. In this paper, we consider how the provenance of gemstones is harnessed through the 4 P framework of product, price, promotion, and place. Both tanzanite and zultanite/csarite are currently each found in only one location in the world. Tanzanite is mined in Mererani, near Arusha, Tanzania, and zultanite/csarite is mined in Milas, near Mugla, Turkey. While this rarity and other attributes such as the color and durability of tanzanite were successfully leveraged so that tanzanite attained global recognition, zultanite/csarite has remained largely unknown. Our study examines the potential reasons why tanzanite and zultanite/csarite have experienced such different degrees of success on the global gemstone market. Our main findings are that rarity itself is not an inadequate determinant of value and that consumer preferences for color need to be carefully marketed with a powerful storyline and linked to other sectors such as tourism.
Mehmet Altingoz; Nicole M. Smith; H. Sebnem Duzgun; Patricia F. Syvrud; Saleem H. Ali. Color and local heritage in gemstone branding: A comparative study of blue zoisite (Tanzanite) and color-change diaspore (Zultanite/Csarite). The Extractive Industries and Society 2019, 6, 1030 -1039.
AMA StyleMehmet Altingoz, Nicole M. Smith, H. Sebnem Duzgun, Patricia F. Syvrud, Saleem H. Ali. Color and local heritage in gemstone branding: A comparative study of blue zoisite (Tanzanite) and color-change diaspore (Zultanite/Csarite). The Extractive Industries and Society. 2019; 6 (4):1030-1039.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMehmet Altingoz; Nicole M. Smith; H. Sebnem Duzgun; Patricia F. Syvrud; Saleem H. Ali. 2019. "Color and local heritage in gemstone branding: A comparative study of blue zoisite (Tanzanite) and color-change diaspore (Zultanite/Csarite)." The Extractive Industries and Society 6, no. 4: 1030-1039.