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Ajay Kumar
Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India

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Original article
Published: 27 July 2021 in Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology
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The current study was conducted to evaluate the antiproliferative and oxidative damage protection potential of endophytic fungi Aspergillus fumigatus and Chaetomium globosum isolated from Moringa oleifera. The chloroformic extract (CE) of both the fungi showed dose dependent antiproliferative activity against human prostate adenocarcinoma (PC-3) cell line with (IC50) value of 0.055 mg/ml and 0.008 mg/ml, respectively. Further, CE of both the fungi was studied for their ability to induce apoptosis in PC-3 cell line. Various deformities in the cancerous cells treated with CE of both the fungi have been observed by confocal microscopy which indicates the cell death by apoptosis. Further apoptosis inducing ability of CE of both the fungi was observed using various flow cytometric studies. The chloroformic extract of both the fungi showed slight increase in the level of reactive oxygen species to induce apoptosis. It also showed arrest of cancerous cells at G0/G1 phase of cell cycle to induce apoptosis. The externalization of phosphatidylserine (PS) to induce apoptosis was also observed when analysed using Annexin V-FITC/PI double staining assay where the CE of A. fumigatus and C. globosum showed the total apoptosis of 94.2% and 90.3%, respectively, at the highest tested concentration of GI70. The CE of both the fungi further showed the protective behaviour for plasmid DNA pBR322, when tested for their effect against the oxidative stress caused by the Fenton’s reagent. Thus, the studies demonstrated a good antiproliferative and oxidative damage protection potential of the endophytic fungi.

ACS Style

Navdeep Kaur; Daljit Singh Arora; Sandeep Kaur; Ajay Kumar; Satwinderjeet Kaur. Antiproliferative and Oxidative Damage Protection Activities of Endophytic Fungi Aspergillus fumigatus and Chaetomium globosum from Moringa oleifera Lam. Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology 2021, 1 -16.

AMA Style

Navdeep Kaur, Daljit Singh Arora, Sandeep Kaur, Ajay Kumar, Satwinderjeet Kaur. Antiproliferative and Oxidative Damage Protection Activities of Endophytic Fungi Aspergillus fumigatus and Chaetomium globosum from Moringa oleifera Lam. Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology. 2021; ():1-16.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Navdeep Kaur; Daljit Singh Arora; Sandeep Kaur; Ajay Kumar; Satwinderjeet Kaur. 2021. "Antiproliferative and Oxidative Damage Protection Activities of Endophytic Fungi Aspergillus fumigatus and Chaetomium globosum from Moringa oleifera Lam." Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology , no. : 1-16.

Journal article
Published: 20 February 2020 in Antioxidants
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Cassia fistula L. is a highly admirable traditional medicinal plant used for the treatment of various diseases and disorders. The present study was performed to divulge the antioxidant, antiproliferative, and apoptosis-inducing efficacy of fractions from C. fistula leaves. The hexane (CaLH fraction), chloroform (CaLC fraction), ethyl acetate (CaLE fraction), n-butanol (CaLB fraction), and aqueous (CaLA fraction) were sequentially fractionated from 80% methanolic (CaLM extract) of C. fistula leaves. The CaLE fraction was fractionated using column chromatography to yield a pure compound, which was characterized as Epiafzelechin (CFL1) based on 1H, 13C, and DEPT135 NMR. Among these fractions, CaLE and isolated CFL1 fractions exhibited an effective antioxidant potential in Ferric ion reducing power, (2,2’-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline -6-sulfonic acid)) cation radical scavenging, and nitric oxide radical scavenging assays. Epiafzelechin was investigated for its antiproliferative effects against MG-63 (osteosarcoma), IMR-32 (neuroblastoma), and PC-3 (prostate adenocarcinoma), and was found to inhibit cell proliferation with a GI50 value of 8.73, 9.15, and 11.8 μM respectively. MG-63 cells underwent apoptotic cell death on treatment with Epiafzelechin as the cells showed the formation of apoptotic bodies, enhanced reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, mitochondrial membrane depolarization along with an increase in early apoptotic cell population analyzed using Annexin V-FITC/PI double staining assay. Cells showed cell cycle arrest at the G0/G1 phase accompanied by a downregulation in the expression levels of p-Akt (Protein kinase B), p-GSK-3β (Glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta), and Bcl-xl (B-cell lymphoma-extra large) proteins. RT-PCR (Real time-polymerase chain reaction) analysis revealed downregulation in the gene expression level of β-catenin and CDK2 (cyclin-dependent kinases-2) while it upregulated the expression level of caspase-8 and p53 genes in MG-63 cells.

ACS Style

Sandeep Kaur; Ajay Kumar; Sharad Thakur; Kapil Kumar; Ritika Sharma; Anket Sharma; Prabhpreet Singh; Upendra Sharma; Subodh Kumar; Marco Landi; Marián Brestič; Satwinderjeet Kaur. Antioxidant, Antiproliferative and Apoptosis-Inducing Efficacy of Fractions from Cassia fistula L. Leaves. Antioxidants 2020, 9, 173 .

AMA Style

Sandeep Kaur, Ajay Kumar, Sharad Thakur, Kapil Kumar, Ritika Sharma, Anket Sharma, Prabhpreet Singh, Upendra Sharma, Subodh Kumar, Marco Landi, Marián Brestič, Satwinderjeet Kaur. Antioxidant, Antiproliferative and Apoptosis-Inducing Efficacy of Fractions from Cassia fistula L. Leaves. Antioxidants. 2020; 9 (2):173.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Sandeep Kaur; Ajay Kumar; Sharad Thakur; Kapil Kumar; Ritika Sharma; Anket Sharma; Prabhpreet Singh; Upendra Sharma; Subodh Kumar; Marco Landi; Marián Brestič; Satwinderjeet Kaur. 2020. "Antioxidant, Antiproliferative and Apoptosis-Inducing Efficacy of Fractions from Cassia fistula L. Leaves." Antioxidants 9, no. 2: 173.