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This study aims to verify whether there is a difference in groups vis-à-vis gender and age in the relationship between the motivation and satisfaction of visiting the former presidential villa, Cheongnam-dae. Using structural equation models, we examined that Relaxation has a positive effect on satisfaction in all groups. However, the relationship between motivation and satisfaction, such as Convenience, Historicity, and Fellowship, reveals gender and age differences, while the relationship among three motivation factors differs by gender and age. Four motivational factors, i.e., Relaxation, Convenience, Historicity, and Satisfaction, significantly affected the youth (n = 171), while the three factors, i.e., Relaxation, Convenience, and Fellowship, significantly affected the elderly (n = 143). Our analysis encourages expanding ecotourism infrastructure to enhance the ecological value of Cheongnam-dae. It is also necessary to replenish related facilities and contents to enhance the effectiveness of ecological experiences and environmental education. Therefore, this work is significant as it contributes to the development of an analytic framework by discussing the difference between motivation and satisfaction.
Bo-Hyun Seong; Chang-Yu Hong. Moderating Effect of Demographic Variables by Analyzing the Motivation and Satisfaction of Visitors to the Former Presidential Vacation Villa: Case Study of Cheongnam-Dae, South Korea. Societies 2021, 11, 104 .
AMA StyleBo-Hyun Seong, Chang-Yu Hong. Moderating Effect of Demographic Variables by Analyzing the Motivation and Satisfaction of Visitors to the Former Presidential Vacation Villa: Case Study of Cheongnam-Dae, South Korea. Societies. 2021; 11 (3):104.
Chicago/Turabian StyleBo-Hyun Seong; Chang-Yu Hong. 2021. "Moderating Effect of Demographic Variables by Analyzing the Motivation and Satisfaction of Visitors to the Former Presidential Vacation Villa: Case Study of Cheongnam-Dae, South Korea." Societies 11, no. 3: 104.
This study addressed the effects of adding citrus peel (CP) and Ecklonia cava disuse extract (ECD) in the diet of abalones, which are a highly utilized marine species in Korea. As interest in abalone farming is increasing around the fishing community, the installation of land tanks and fish farms on the southern coast and Jeju Island in South Korea is spreading remarkably. In order to create the best opportunities for survival and reproduction, immunity to disease, and growth potential of abalones, we must consider the diet implemented in abalone farming. The survival rate of abalone has shown positive results when their diet is supplemented with CP and ECD. Our research also concluded that the addition of ECD may have a significant effect on the abalone growth and physiology.
Min-Seok Jwa; Chang-Yu Hong. Prospecting the Effects on Abalone (H. discus) Growth under Low-Salinity Stress after Feeding Citrus Peel (CP) and Ecklonia cava disuse (ECD) as Feed Additives. Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 2021, 9, 707 .
AMA StyleMin-Seok Jwa, Chang-Yu Hong. Prospecting the Effects on Abalone (H. discus) Growth under Low-Salinity Stress after Feeding Citrus Peel (CP) and Ecklonia cava disuse (ECD) as Feed Additives. Journal of Marine Science and Engineering. 2021; 9 (7):707.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMin-Seok Jwa; Chang-Yu Hong. 2021. "Prospecting the Effects on Abalone (H. discus) Growth under Low-Salinity Stress after Feeding Citrus Peel (CP) and Ecklonia cava disuse (ECD) as Feed Additives." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 9, no. 7: 707.
This study aimed to determine whether risk awareness of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) affects visits to national parks. We analyzed the tourist decision-making process during the current pandemic using the theory of planned behavior as a framework, adding variables relevant to the pandemic, such as risk perception and risk reduction behavior, to the model. Based on a literature review, we developed a research model describing the impact relationship between risk perception, the theory of planned behavior, and risk reduction behavior and tested nine hypotheses. Results of a survey of 555 visitors to two national parks supported eight of the nine hypotheses. Although the results are limited, they reaffirm the usefulness of the theory of planned behavior in explaining tourism behavior. This work is significant in that we would be able to extend the scope of subsequent research beyond a discussion of the direct effects on optimistic perceptions (bias) and risk reduction behavior as well as visit intention, by explaining the probability even in unprecedented crises such as COVID-19. Humans may be negotiating the constraints (COVID-19) or embodied tourism need through the personal bias. Furthermore, we discuss the theoretical implications of the results for tourism behavior research.
Bo-Hyun Seong; Chang-Yu Hong. Does Risk Awareness of COVID-19 Affect Visits to National Parks? Analyzing the Tourist Decision-Making Process Using the Theory of Planned Behavior. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2021, 18, 5081 .
AMA StyleBo-Hyun Seong, Chang-Yu Hong. Does Risk Awareness of COVID-19 Affect Visits to National Parks? Analyzing the Tourist Decision-Making Process Using the Theory of Planned Behavior. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2021; 18 (10):5081.
Chicago/Turabian StyleBo-Hyun Seong; Chang-Yu Hong. 2021. "Does Risk Awareness of COVID-19 Affect Visits to National Parks? Analyzing the Tourist Decision-Making Process Using the Theory of Planned Behavior." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 10: 5081.
Urban flooding is a major concern in many cities around the world. Together with continuous urbanization, extreme weather events are likely to increase the magnitude and frequency of flood hazards and exposure in populated regions. This article examines the changing pathways of flood risk management (FRM) in Portland, Oregon; Seoul, South Korea; and Tokyo, Japan, which have different histories of land development and flood severity. We used city governance documents to identify how FRM strategies have changed in the study cities. Using a combined framework of social learning with an integrated social–ecological–technological systems (SETS) lens, we show what components of SETS have been emphasized and how FRM strategies have diversified over time. In response to historical flood events, these cities built hard infrastructure such as levees to reduce flood risks. The recent paradigm shift in urban FRM, such as the adoption of socioecological elements in SETS, including floodplain restoration, green infrastructure, and public education, is a response to making cities more resilient or transformative to the anticipated future extreme floods. The pathways that cities have taken and the main emphasis across SETS elements differ by city, however, suggesting that opportunities exist for learning from each city’s experience collectively to tackle global flooding issues.
Heejun Chang; David J. Yu; Samuel A. Markolf; Chang-Yu Hong; Sunyong Eom; Wonsuh Song; Deghyo Bae. Understanding Urban Flood Resilience in the Anthropocene: A Social–Ecological–Technological Systems (SETS) Learning Framework. Annals of the American Association of Geographers 2021, 111, 837 -857.
AMA StyleHeejun Chang, David J. Yu, Samuel A. Markolf, Chang-Yu Hong, Sunyong Eom, Wonsuh Song, Deghyo Bae. Understanding Urban Flood Resilience in the Anthropocene: A Social–Ecological–Technological Systems (SETS) Learning Framework. Annals of the American Association of Geographers. 2021; 111 (3):837-857.
Chicago/Turabian StyleHeejun Chang; David J. Yu; Samuel A. Markolf; Chang-Yu Hong; Sunyong Eom; Wonsuh Song; Deghyo Bae. 2021. "Understanding Urban Flood Resilience in the Anthropocene: A Social–Ecological–Technological Systems (SETS) Learning Framework." Annals of the American Association of Geographers 111, no. 3: 837-857.
Dinoflagellates are an important group of phytoplanktons, characterized by two dissimilar flagella and distinctive features of both plants and animals. Dinoflagellate-generated harmful algal blooms (HABs) and associated damage frequently occur in coastal areas, which are concomitant with increasing eutrophication and climate change derived from anthropogenic waste and atmospheric carbon dioxide, respectively. The severe damage and harmful effects of dinoflagellate phycotoxins in the fishing industry have been recognized over the past few decades, and the management and monitoring of HABs have attracted much attention, leaving aside the industrial application of their valuable toxins. Specific modes of action of the organisms’ toxins can effectively be utilized for producing beneficial materials, such as Botox and other therapeutic agents. This review aims to explore the potential industrial applications of marine dinoflagellate phycotoxins; furthermore, this review focuses on their modes of action and summarizes the available knowledge on them.
Kichul Cho; Jina Heo; Jinwook Han; Hyun Dae Hong; Hancheol Jeon; Hyun-Ju Hwang; Chang-Yu Hong; Daekyung Kim; Jong Won Han; Kyunghwa Baek. Industrial Applications of Dinoflagellate Phycotoxins Based on Their Modes of Action: A Review. Toxins 2020, 12, 805 .
AMA StyleKichul Cho, Jina Heo, Jinwook Han, Hyun Dae Hong, Hancheol Jeon, Hyun-Ju Hwang, Chang-Yu Hong, Daekyung Kim, Jong Won Han, Kyunghwa Baek. Industrial Applications of Dinoflagellate Phycotoxins Based on Their Modes of Action: A Review. Toxins. 2020; 12 (12):805.
Chicago/Turabian StyleKichul Cho; Jina Heo; Jinwook Han; Hyun Dae Hong; Hancheol Jeon; Hyun-Ju Hwang; Chang-Yu Hong; Daekyung Kim; Jong Won Han; Kyunghwa Baek. 2020. "Industrial Applications of Dinoflagellate Phycotoxins Based on Their Modes of Action: A Review." Toxins 12, no. 12: 805.
Assuring healthy streams in the urban environment is a major goal for restoration scientists, urban planners, and city practitioners around the globe. In South Korea, many urban stream restoration efforts are designed to provide safe water to society and enhance ecological functions. We examined the extent to which the individual interests and different values of multiple stakeholders were considered in previous decision-making in two urban stream restoration projects. The relevant data on stream restoration were collected through the nominal group technique (NGT) and the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) for the two stream cases of a populated inland area and a coastal region in South Korea. The AHP results provide information about the comparative weights of the values of ecological restoration (priority score: 0.487), social restoration (priority score: 0.231), and landscape revitalization (priority score: 0.279) of the Ahn-Yang stream and ecological restoration (priority score: 0.527), social restoration (priority score: 0.182), and landscape revitalization (priority score: 0.290) of the Sahn-Jee stream. The stakeholders of the populated metropolitan area had a relatively high awareness of their role in environmental restoration, thus it was natural for them to place a high value on social restoration.
Chang-Yu Hong; Eun-Sung Chung; Heejun Chang. The Right to Urban Streams: Quantitative Comparisons of Stakeholder Perceptions in Defining Adaptive Stream Restoration. Sustainability 2020, 12, 9500 .
AMA StyleChang-Yu Hong, Eun-Sung Chung, Heejun Chang. The Right to Urban Streams: Quantitative Comparisons of Stakeholder Perceptions in Defining Adaptive Stream Restoration. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (22):9500.
Chicago/Turabian StyleChang-Yu Hong; Eun-Sung Chung; Heejun Chang. 2020. "The Right to Urban Streams: Quantitative Comparisons of Stakeholder Perceptions in Defining Adaptive Stream Restoration." Sustainability 12, no. 22: 9500.
Haliotis diversicolor aquatilis (H. diversicolor aquatilis) is one of the aquaculture abalone species in Jeju Island, South Korea. The high water temperature in the middle of the summer season frequently limits the aquaculture productivity of abalone. To cope with the problem, this study aimed to investigate viability, attachment rate, changes of immune response, and physiological properties of juvenile small abalone Haliotis diversicolor aquatilis against high water temperature stress under 60CO-gamma irradiation-mediated hormetic effects. To examine physiological changes of abalone, the gamma-ray irradiated and non-irradiated groups were distinguished by grouping a total of 70 abalones in a treated group and a control group (each group included twenty-five female and ten male abalones). The treated group was exposed to 60CO-gamma irradiation using a designed experimental apparatus, the control group was not. Our results revealed that the low level of gamma ray (20 Gy)-irradiated Haliotis diversicolor aquatilis showed a 100% survival rate during the experiment. After gamma ray exposure, all the abalones were cultured without feeding and bioactivities were measured to examine gamma ray-induced physiological responses. The results suggested the potential for selective breeding using gamma ray irradiation hormesis to manipulate the number of eggs, fertilization rate, hatching rate, and attachment rate. The shell length of juvenile abalone was significantly enhanced by a 20 Gy radiation dose. We could presume that the effect of hormesis in the gamma-ray irradiation parent shellfish also had a genetic effect on the offspring. In order to verify changes in immune response and stress tolerance of abalone under high temperature stress, lysozyme activity and survival rates were compared at a water temperature of 30 °C. Interestingly, the 60Co gamma ray-irradiated abalones exhibited almost a 1.65-fold enhanced survival rate along with reduced lysozyme activity after 12 h of high temperature stress. Our results speculate that low levels of 60Co gamma ray-mediated hormetic effects can be an effective strategy for shell length growth and high temperature stress tolerance.
Min-Seok Jwa; Chang-Yu Hong. Physiological Responses of Intrinsic Small Abalone Haliotis diversicolor aquatilis under High Temperature Stress by Low Level 60CO Gamma Irradiation-Mediated Hormetic Effect. Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 2020, 8, 906 .
AMA StyleMin-Seok Jwa, Chang-Yu Hong. Physiological Responses of Intrinsic Small Abalone Haliotis diversicolor aquatilis under High Temperature Stress by Low Level 60CO Gamma Irradiation-Mediated Hormetic Effect. Journal of Marine Science and Engineering. 2020; 8 (11):906.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMin-Seok Jwa; Chang-Yu Hong. 2020. "Physiological Responses of Intrinsic Small Abalone Haliotis diversicolor aquatilis under High Temperature Stress by Low Level 60CO Gamma Irradiation-Mediated Hormetic Effect." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 8, no. 11: 906.
According to our research findings, the future-oriented conservation of natural ecological resources in the Sahn-Yang Gotjawal area should be shaped and formed in a sustainable ecological way to improve the economy of the Sahn-Yang area. This study covers a systematic and quantitative assessment of the function, design, and purpose of establishing a regional eco-tourism program using the Sahn-Yang Gotjawal (Volcanic Lava Stony Forest) natural resources of Jeju Island, South Korea. Although citizens’ interest in Jeju Gotjawal has increased, reckless exploration and damage still occurred. There were improvements on the movement to preserve geological features and the ecosystem. However, unfortunately the negative effects of only seeking development opportunities without regard to the environment was realized as well. Through strengths, opportunities, aspirations, results (SOAR) analysis, various potential situations and conditions using the Sahn-Yang Gotjawal resources were analyzed with quantitative and qualitative techniques. In addition, through media analysis, the benefits and opportunities that the Gotjawal resources could provide the citizens were identified and the results were combined with SOAR analysis to present an integrated vision. In order to make wise use of Sahn-Yang Gotjawal, such as conserving, sustaining, and creating accessibility (guided by SESs), it is necessary to concentrate on the ‘strengths’ such as creating and maximizing attractions which can develop management programs such as preservation research and monitoring, as well as establishing sustainable usage of facilities such as visitors’ gathering spaces, exploration activities, and convenient facilities.
Chang-Yu Hong; Ran Yoon; Jung-Don Hwang; Min-Seok Jwa. Exploring Community Symbiotic Tourism Programs for the Utilization and Conservation of Ecology in Lava Stony Forest (Gotjawal) of Jeju Island, Korea. Sustainability 2020, 12, 8371 .
AMA StyleChang-Yu Hong, Ran Yoon, Jung-Don Hwang, Min-Seok Jwa. Exploring Community Symbiotic Tourism Programs for the Utilization and Conservation of Ecology in Lava Stony Forest (Gotjawal) of Jeju Island, Korea. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (20):8371.
Chicago/Turabian StyleChang-Yu Hong; Ran Yoon; Jung-Don Hwang; Min-Seok Jwa. 2020. "Exploring Community Symbiotic Tourism Programs for the Utilization and Conservation of Ecology in Lava Stony Forest (Gotjawal) of Jeju Island, Korea." Sustainability 12, no. 20: 8371.
This research covers existing planning theory and possible ways to improve the decision-making process in Korean stream restoration. First, it attempts to recognize what extent the Korean stream restoration case follows Western environmental decision-making models. Additionally, key concepts and factors of environmental decision-making are discussed to build a foundation of planning theory. This research reveals key works in the broad and changing field of stream restoration that provides the foundation for understanding Korean water resource planning. To recognize the challenges and achievements of this planning, this paper first notes that, while technical perspectives of the engineering field have historically dominated stream restoration, current thinking recognizes the much greater complexity of stream restoration requires more than only engineering perspectives. After reviewing the literature in related areas, this research considers what the planning field has to offer. In the conclusion, this author argues that the application of citizen-oriented decision-making approaches could lead to better water resource management. Admittedly, this may still be hindered by political uncertainty and power conflicts caused by science-dominant environmental planning.
Chang-Yu Hong. Challenges and Achievements Beyond Decision-Making Power of Planners: How Are Decisions on Planning for Stream Restoration Made in South Korea? Water 2020, 12, 2708 .
AMA StyleChang-Yu Hong. Challenges and Achievements Beyond Decision-Making Power of Planners: How Are Decisions on Planning for Stream Restoration Made in South Korea? Water. 2020; 12 (10):2708.
Chicago/Turabian StyleChang-Yu Hong. 2020. "Challenges and Achievements Beyond Decision-Making Power of Planners: How Are Decisions on Planning for Stream Restoration Made in South Korea?" Water 12, no. 10: 2708.
This research examines how individual preferences for the major functions of stream restoration processes are associated with flood prevention and risk mitigation in Johnson Creek of Portland, Oregon, USA. We first reviewed a set of results from an analytical hierarchy process (AHP) model to rank the major stream restoration functions and compared citizens' preferences for “flood prevention” using ordinary least squares regression. Our results show that the perceptions and interests of citizens may be centred on the inconvenience of everyday life arising from the previous flood events. Residents in the highly urbanized downstream regions showed a higher sensitivity to flooding than those living in the upper regions of the watershed. Community participation and annual incomes are positively related to flood risk perception in more developed downstream regions, while ecological or development goals associated with property protection are positively associated with higher flood risk perception in the less developed upper regions. Our findings of citizen perceptions can be adopted to help local government leaders and households mitigate flood risk while also achieving multiple benefits from stream restoration projects.
Chang‐Yu Hong; Heejun Chang. Residents' perception of flood risk and urban stream restoration using multi‐criteria decision analysis. River Research and Applications 2020, 36, 2078 -2088.
AMA StyleChang‐Yu Hong, Heejun Chang. Residents' perception of flood risk and urban stream restoration using multi‐criteria decision analysis. River Research and Applications. 2020; 36 (10):2078-2088.
Chicago/Turabian StyleChang‐Yu Hong; Heejun Chang. 2020. "Residents' perception of flood risk and urban stream restoration using multi‐criteria decision analysis." River Research and Applications 36, no. 10: 2078-2088.
Top-down technical or engineered solutions to deal with flood control such as channelization are increasingly unaffordable. We explored how community leaders’ frame the concept of risk, particularly due to flooding, and documented bottom-up rather than top-down solutions within the context of Hurricane Maria and the current financial crisis. This research aimed to interview environmental conservation organizational leaders to assess the broader question of what makes San Juan livable, and the role that flooding risk management plays in defining livability. Their perception of bottom-up approaches for flood control, including the role of green infrastructure, is of particular interest given the infeasibility of current engineered measures and their history of short term local coping strategies. Our research team frames the research using structural versus non-structural solutions to explore to what extent community leaders draw upon green visions of the city or emphasize transitioning towards strategies more closely aligned with ecological processes and functions. The research results help to inform current efforts of local community engagement about alternative solutions to channelization and other urban flood management measures.
Luis Santiago; David Flores; Chang-Yu Hong. The impact of extreme weather events on community risk planning and management: the case of San Juan, Puerto Rico after hurricane Maria. urbe. Revista Brasileira de Gestão Urbana 2020, 12, 1 .
AMA StyleLuis Santiago, David Flores, Chang-Yu Hong. The impact of extreme weather events on community risk planning and management: the case of San Juan, Puerto Rico after hurricane Maria. urbe. Revista Brasileira de Gestão Urbana. 2020; 12 ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleLuis Santiago; David Flores; Chang-Yu Hong. 2020. "The impact of extreme weather events on community risk planning and management: the case of San Juan, Puerto Rico after hurricane Maria." urbe. Revista Brasileira de Gestão Urbana 12, no. : 1.
The Río Loco watershed in southwestern Puerto Rico is a site where significant coastal development has taken place and water is currently used for residential purposes, power generation and agricultural production. Competing uses and resulting tradeoffs have led to conflict among the watershed's stakeholders, and a proposed natural resource conservation measure in the area has exacerbated conflict to the point where it can be described as intractable. We propose a two‐phase conflict resolution scheme: the first phase requires gaining tractability by reframing the problem considering mainly diagnostic parameters, and the second phase outlines a series of processes that may help manage conflict once the problem becomes tractable. We conducted two focus groups with key stakeholders in the Río Loco watershed, including farmers and conservationists representing NGO's, public and private organizations to assess current frames. Through the reframed interests, we conclude innovative institutions or flexible organizations will be able to provide a new arena where conversations take place, thus, creating a space for a more inclusive and democratic process to manage the watershed in the short and long term, and at the same time increasing chances of maintaining problems within the realm of tractability.
Luis Santiago; Chang-Yu Hong. Regaining tractability through reframing of a watershed management conflict: A case of southwestern Puerto Rico. River Research and Applications 2019, 36, 422 -429.
AMA StyleLuis Santiago, Chang-Yu Hong. Regaining tractability through reframing of a watershed management conflict: A case of southwestern Puerto Rico. River Research and Applications. 2019; 36 (3):422-429.
Chicago/Turabian StyleLuis Santiago; Chang-Yu Hong. 2019. "Regaining tractability through reframing of a watershed management conflict: A case of southwestern Puerto Rico." River Research and Applications 36, no. 3: 422-429.
This study explores the application of a civic perception analysis in the context of stream restoration as a social‐ecological system (SES). Analysing such a SES is useful for understanding correlations between civic interests and environmental conditions in river restoration. An analytic hierarchy process (AHP) analysis was used to quantify the demand for restoration objectives. Additionally, an image‐based survey was used to precisely capture residents' perceptions of urban stream restoration by comparing aesthetic images, hydrologic functions, and environmental quality. Based on the AHP results, a hierarchical multiple regression was derived. A total of 181 participants responded to our survey, and the results were summarized by each subwatershed in the An'Yang watershed. The results demonstrated that the perceptions of residents who live in various environmental and regional conditions may manifoldly reflect their personal visual and aesthetic preferences by subwatershed. The upstream subwatershed values (SW1 = 7.86 and SW2 = 7.39) were higher than those in the downstream areas (SW5 = 5.28 and SW6 = 5.15). Consequently, this hierarchical multilevel model showed that individual environmental perception was highly associated with visual preference regarding stream restoration at the subwatershed level (p < 0.001). Urban environmental and spatial planners could use such information when restoring and designing waterfront spaces.
Chang‐Yu Hong; Heejun Chang; Eun‐Sung Chung. Comparing the functional recognition of aesthetics, hydrology, and quality in urban stream restoration through the framework of environmental perception. River Research and Applications 2019, 1 .
AMA StyleChang‐Yu Hong, Heejun Chang, Eun‐Sung Chung. Comparing the functional recognition of aesthetics, hydrology, and quality in urban stream restoration through the framework of environmental perception. River Research and Applications. 2019; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleChang‐Yu Hong; Heejun Chang; Eun‐Sung Chung. 2019. "Comparing the functional recognition of aesthetics, hydrology, and quality in urban stream restoration through the framework of environmental perception." River Research and Applications , no. : 1.
In this article, we discuss the An'Yang Stream restoration case in South Korea from the time frame of 1999–2015. This restoration has been judged as a successful stream management endeavour led by public–private partnership governance. However, this study found that integration of all interests was not properly achieved. The An'Yang Stream restoration process was designed by stakeholders who valued scientific information rather than non‐scientific factors such as culture, social learning (education), social integrity, and waterfront beautification based on a participatory process. The An'Yang Stream restoration project is important because it is one of the main streams in the metropolitan Seoul and serves as the focal point for the nation culturally, politically, and economically. The researchers conducted semistructured interviews with the 33 key stakeholders who actively participated in the stream restoration project. The axial coding based on Grounded Theory provided a clear way of adopting various codes and coding processes, which reflect the interview transcripts of the specific social phenomenon and power dynamics. This research describes the pros and cons of the An'Yang Stream restoration governance process and participatory decision‐making by applying a qualitative axial coding analysis. Also, this research addresses the contribution of media and professional conflict resolution for potentially participatory governance building.
C. Hong; H. Chun. Barriers, challenges, conflicts, and facilitators in environmental decision-making: A case of An'Yang Stream restoration. River Research and Applications 2018, 34, 472 -480.
AMA StyleC. Hong, H. Chun. Barriers, challenges, conflicts, and facilitators in environmental decision-making: A case of An'Yang Stream restoration. River Research and Applications. 2018; 34 (5):472-480.
Chicago/Turabian StyleC. Hong; H. Chun. 2018. "Barriers, challenges, conflicts, and facilitators in environmental decision-making: A case of An'Yang Stream restoration." River Research and Applications 34, no. 5: 472-480.
This research explores if individual preferences for the major functions of stream restoration processes correlate water quality variations in an urban watershed of South Korea. We use a set of results from an analytical hierarchy process model to rank the major stream restoration functions and compare citizens' preferences for “water quality” improvement during stream restoration based on the water quality index (WQI) and ordinary least square regression. This study identifies the correlation between the WQI and individual perceptions regarding stream restoration. Regional context and individual characteristics also influence the demands and awareness of citizens pertaining to stream restoration. Our findings highlight the importance of understanding residents' perceptions and demographic information, including education, marriage status, gender, and residence period in different subwatersheds. The largest change (28.29) in the WQI score of one subwatershed was correlated with the participants' perception of water quality changes and water pollution (analytical hierarchy process index: 66.8%). On the basis of the survey results, we recommend that a human–ecological interdependent and adaptive consultative body is established in each subwatershed to successfully implement stream restoration projects.
Chang-Yu Hong; Heejun Chang; Eun-Sung Chung. Resident perceptions of urban stream restoration and water quality in South Korea. River Research and Applications 2018, 34, 481 -492.
AMA StyleChang-Yu Hong, Heejun Chang, Eun-Sung Chung. Resident perceptions of urban stream restoration and water quality in South Korea. River Research and Applications. 2018; 34 (5):481-492.
Chicago/Turabian StyleChang-Yu Hong; Heejun Chang; Eun-Sung Chung. 2018. "Resident perceptions of urban stream restoration and water quality in South Korea." River Research and Applications 34, no. 5: 481-492.