Traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) causes irreversible damage leading to incapacity. Molecular mechanisms underlying SCI damage are not fully understood, preventing the development of novel therapies. Tamoxifen (TMX) has emerged as a promising therapy. Our aim was to identify transcriptome changes in the acute phase of SCI and the effect of Tamoxifen on those changes in a rat model of SCI. Four groups were considered: (1) Non-injured without TMX (Sham/TMX-), (2) Non-injured with TMX (Sham/TMX+), (3) injured without TMX (SCI/TMX-), and (4) injured with TMX (SCI/TMX+). Tamoxifen was administered intraperitoneally 30 min after injury, and spinal cord tissues were collected 24 h after injury. Clariom S Assays Array was used for transcriptome analysis. After comparing Sham/TMX- versus SCI/TMX-, 708 genes showed differential expression. The enriched pathways were the SCI pathway and pathways related to the inflammatory response. When comparing SCI/TMX- versus SCI/TMX+, only 30 genes showed differential expression, with no pathways enriched. Our results showed differential expression of genes related to the inflammatory response after SCI, and Tamoxifen seems to regulate gene expression changes in Ccr2 and Mmp12. Our study contributes data regarding the potential value of tamoxifen as a therapeutic resource for traumatic SCI during the acute phase.

Bariatric surgery (BS) is considered the most effective intervention for patients with severe obesity and is used to maintain long-term weight loss and glycemic control. The aim of this study was to analyze the effects of genotypes and haplotypes of the fat mass and obesity-associated (FTO) and melanocortin 4 receptor (MC4R) genes on total body weight loss (TBWL), post-surgery weight, and post-BMI after bariatric surgery. We retrospectively selected 101 patients from Bajio High Specialty Regional Hospital, León Guanajuato, México, who underwent Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) to determine their body mass index (BMI), blood pressure, biochemical characteristics, and comorbidities. Post-surgery, patients were referred for registered anthropometry and blood pressure. Glucose, lipid and hepatic profiles, and insulin, leptin, and ghrelin levels were measured, and rs9939609, rs9930506, and rs1421085 FTO and rs17782313 MC4R polymorphisms were genotyped. Six (4–8) years after BS, post-surgery weight was greater in carriers of the rs9939609 and rs1421085 risk genotypes. TBWL was lower for the rs9930506 and rs1421085 risk genotypes. Insulin and HOMA-IR were greater in patients with the three FTO polymorphisms. There were significant interaction effects of the rs9930506 and rs1421085 FTO risk genotypes on weight and BMI in response to BS. No association was found with the MC4R polymorphism. The genotypes and haplotypes of the FTO gene influence post-surgery weight, TBWL, insulin levels, and HOMA-IR.

Ingesta de Proteína, Lípidos Séricos y Fuerza Muscular en Ancianos

Introducción: la cirugía bariátrica no beneficia a todos los pacientes. Identificar a los pacientes gravemente obesos que tendrán éxito después de la cirugía bariátrica sigue siendo un reto para el equipo transdiciplinario. El objetivo de este estudio retrospectivo fue analizar factores dietéticos preoperatorios que pudieran predecir una pérdida de peso exitosa después de la cirugía bariátrica. Métodos: el estudio retrospectivo incluyó a pacientes sometidos a una cirugía de bypass gástrico laparoscópico en Y de Roux como procedimiento para obesidad severa (n = 84). Datos demográficos del paciente, comorbilidades, factores dietéticos y los resultados de pérdida de peso se extrajeron de la historia clínica electrónica. Resultados: la diabetes mellitus tipo 2 (DM2) se asoció con una pérdida subóptima de peso después de una cirugía de bypass gástrico laparoscópico en Y de Roux. Conclusiones: aunque la cirugía bariátrica sigue siendo el tratamiento más efectivo para los pacientes con obesidad severa, es fundamental desarrollar estrategias para mejorar y mantener la pérdida de peso, especialmente en pacientes con DM2. Evaluar las características dietéticas de los candidatos a cirugía bariátrica es crucial.