Background ― Genetic polymorphisms analysis of metabolic and antioxidant systems pathway genes are associated with male infertility is the most perspective and developed field in andrology. Purpose ― the aim of the research is to reveal the association of the glutathione S-transferase gene GSTP1 polymorphism C/T (rs1138272) with risk of pathospermia in Russian men in Moscow region. Material and Methods ― Case control study was conducted on 68 fertile men and 70 infertile men with various forms of pathospermia. Sperm analysis was performed according to WHO guidelines (WHO, 2010). DNA was extracted from peripheral blood leukocytes. Genotyping of the GSTP1 gene polymorphisms was carried out by generated amplicons from melting curve analysis after real time PCR. Results ― statistically significant association of polymorphism GSTP1 C/T (Ala/Val; rs1138272) with asthenozoospermia (χ2=8.58, p=0.003) and teratospermia (χ2=6.81, p=0.009) risk was found. The frequencies of homozygous and heterozygous carries (CT+TT genotypes) for polymorphic locus GSTP1 gene (rs1138272) are 3 times higher for men with disturbance of motility of spermatozoa and 2.5 times higher for men with abnormalities in morphology of spermatozoa, then for men with normozoospermia. Conclusion ― The GSTP1 C>T polymorphism (rs1138272) associated with risk of teratospermia and asthenozoospermia in male of reproductive age.

Under current development is Nanosense, a medication designed for the nonsurgical treatment of superficial cancer via pulsed laser ablation of nanoparticles (PLAN). Nanosens is a stable dispersion of phthalocyanine zinc nanoparticles in a physiological solution. The technology for obtaining stable dispersions of zinc phthalocyanine ensures a shelf life of over two years. This article presents preliminary data from preclinical studies of the Nanosens formulation. Results were obtained on the effectiveness, pharmacokinetics, and biodistribution of the Nanosens drug in mice, as well as toxicity and allergy studies. When tested at therapeutic doses (1 TD = 7 mg/kg) ranging from 1 to 10 TD for acute toxicity and from 1 to 30 TD for chronic toxicity, no signs of intoxication leading to death were observed in animals. However, at the maximum dose, individual organs and tissues exhibited a blue coloration.

Background: Modern Russian statistics show that the percentage of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) among all oncological diseases has increased and amounted to almost 5% in 2019. The main method of treating RCC is radical nephrectomy in localized RCC, which is supplemented by the removal of regional lymph nodes in locally advanced RCC. Aim: To evaluate early and late postoperative complications in patients with localized and locally advanced renal cell carcinoma. Methods: We’ve analyzed the results of surgical treatment and postoperative complications in 378 patients with clinically proven localized and locally developed RCC. Results: The total number of complications after surgical treatment of patients with localized and locally advanced RCC was 24 (6.3%) patients. Moreover, in the treatment of the localized form of RCC, postoperative complications are 3 times less common than in the locally advanced form of RCC (p <0.05). The most common complication after surgical treatment of RCC was bleeding which we observed in 11(2.9%) patients. Conclusion: After surgical treatment of RCC, the proportion of complications is not high, but they can have unpleasant consequences. In the late postoperative period the most common complication bleeding is followed by lymphorrhea and urinary tract infections.

Background: Male infertility is a pressing clinical and social issue, affecting approximately 30–50% of infertile couples. Despite extensive research, the etiology remains unknown in a considerable proportion of cases, underscoring the need for molecular genetic investigations into spermatogenesis disorders. Methods: the study enrolled 187 European men (68 fertile, 119 infertile). Infertile patients were stratified into four subgroups: azoospermia (n = 28), asthenozoospermia (n = 32), teratozoospermia (n = 25), and oligozoospermia (n = 34). Genotyping was performed for polymorphisms in folate metabolism (MTHFR C677T, MTHFR A1298C, MTR A2756G, MTRR A66G), redox system (CAT-262C > T, GSTP1 Ile105Val, GSTP1 Ala114Val), phosphodiesterase (PDE7B G/A), and selenoprotein (SEPS1 G-105A) genes. Statistical analyses included χ² tests, logistic regression, genetic risk score (GRS) calculation, and ROC analysis, with Benjamini–Hochberg correction for multiple comparisons (FDR, q < 0.05 considered significant). Groups were comparable in age, BMI, and hormonal profiles. Results: in oligozoospermia, nominal associations were detected with MTR A2756G (OR = 2.70; p = 0.003), CAT-262T (OR = 3.12; p = 0.0005), and SEPS1 G-105A (OR = 3.45; p = 0.0001); after FDR correction, only CAT and SEPS1 remained significant. Multivariate regression, adjusting for age, BMI, and hormones, confirmed independent associations for CAT (aOR = 2.34; p = 0.002; q = 0.04) and SEPS1 (aOR = 2.89; p = 0.0001; q = 0.002). MTR A2756G showed nominal associations with astheno-, terato-, and oligozoospermia, but none survived FDR correction. CAT-262T was associated with oligozoospermia (q = 0.04) and borderline with asthenozoospermia (q = 0.08); SEPS1 was significantly associated with both asthenozoospermia (q = 0.04) and oligozoospermia (q = 0.004). GRS was highest in oligozoospermia (3.4 ± 1.5) and significantly elevated in asthenozoospermia and teratozoospermia (3.1 ± 1.2 and 3.2 ± 1.4, respectively), but not in azoospermia (2.3 ± 1.1; p = 0.087). GRS ≥ 3 was found in 64.7% of infertile men vs. 26.5% of fertile controls, corresponding to a 5-fold increased risk (χ² = 22.4; p < 0.001). The combined GRS achieved an AUC of 0.74 (95% CI 0.67–0.81), with 68.2% sensitivity and 76.5% specificity at a cut-off of ≥3. No associations with azoospermia reached significance for any polymorphism; this subgroup had limited power (n = 28). Conclusions: in this exploratory study, CAT and SEPS1 polymorphisms demonstrated FDR-significant associations with oligozoospermia and asthenozoospermia in European men. The cumulative genetic score (AUC = 0.74) may serve as a useful tool for risk stratification, but these findings require replication in larger independent cohorts before clinical translation.