A ternary memory module has been designed as a function of precise voltage command. The monolayer based module displays perpetual stability and non-hysteretic reversibility for multiple scans (10²). Ternary-state readout provides a vision to integrate the next generation of “smart electro-optical devices” viable for multi-state memory.

We report that generating (formic acid) and regenerating (NADH/NADPH) from CO ₂ and NAD ⁺ /NADP ⁺ using a nitrogen-rich polymeric carbon nitride catalytic–biocatalytic system under solar light ( λ > 420 nm) could provide a new approach for storage of clean energy.

A ready-to-use coordinative probe has been outlined for the detection of Pd²⁺ at parts-per-million (ppm) levels which potentially meets real-world-challenges through a simple synthetic route, water based-activity, fast response, by-eye visualization, regenerative-action, high selectivity and the dual-optical readout for precise quantification.