Biophilic design (BD) has become one of the most critical design approaches for improving the user experience and sustainability in hospitality settings. This paper examines how Biophilic Design Elements (BDEs) can be integrated into the interior architecture of rooftop restaurants and how the presence of BDEs can enhance guest satisfaction and restaurant operations. The study is based on the Nature Preferences Theory (NPT) and Dynamic Capabilities Theory (DCT), creating a framework that explores the relationship between biophilic principles and measurable user outcomes, as well as design innovation. A mixed-methods design was employed, where qualitative insights gathered from a Delphi panel of interior design and hospitality professionals were integrated with quantitative data collected through guest surveys. The study suggested that some high-performance BDEs, which are natural materials, utilise daylight, greenery, and water, as well as culturally embedded design motifs. The results indicate that users are positive about an environment with principles of well-being, authenticity, and sensory connection with nature. Researchers focused on context-sensitive, flexible, and low-cost strategies that are adaptable to rooftops in developing urban cities. The study is significant as it presents real-life biophilic design methods applicable in hospitality environments atop buildings and demonstrates how they may align with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The suggested framework applies to both academic studies and the industry, focusing future designs on nature, user experience, and operational sustainability.

The Bibliotheca Alexandrina, as an effort to resurrect the ancient Library of Alexandria and an institution, presented by the UNESCO, as a cultural symbol, has to contend with the twofold task of preserving the cultural heritage of the Alexandrian region and being responsive to both educational and social needs of modern times. The traditional exhibits in the west Wing of the library despite being valuable, have spatial, temporal and convenience constraints that normally lock out the younger people, and even the people who are reluctant to come due to distance. It is becoming increasingly clear that digital technologies are revolutionary to museums, but most of the literature on these topics is limited to Virtual Reality (VR) or Augmented Reality (AR), rather than the extended reality (XR) as a longer-term sustainable and encompassing approach. Motivation This research paper suggests and analyzes an XR-based dynamic museum in the main building of the Bibliotheca Alexandrina. Unlike any other VR-only or AR-only solution, XR flexibly integrates opportunities of both technologies by providing the option of flexible digital concourse that will work at the levels of immersive and non-immersive engagement. The flexibility is capable of providing on-site and off-site involvement, thus fitting the strategic priorities of Egypt through its Vision 2030 within the spheres of education, innovation, and the preservation of cultural heritage. This study proposes and experiments with a digital setting encompassing immersive narration, sustainable interior design and inclusive design to promote cultural interaction and long-term learning. The results prove that XR technology has high potential to make cultural appreciation more pronounced, enhance accessibility, and raise sustainability awareness and maintain usability and aestheticity. The project provides input in increasing the preservation of heritage by eliminating the need to handle physical artifacts, and lessening the physical wear and tear that is generated by such handling as well as increase the access to the heritage by making the museum more inclusive to audience through the innovation of the space. The work highlights how XR should not only be perceived as a technological innovation, but as a management strategy towards cultural sustainability, inclusion and digital diplomacy.

The world has recently witnessed a remarkable development in the field of science. Nanotechnology appears as one of the most important of these developments for its role in the functional and aesthetic treatment of the properties of materials, especially plastics, which showcases its new capabilities as Nano-Plastics (NP). Nano-Plastics (NP) provide support for the spatial experience of space users by offering innovative solutions in light of the sustainable behavior of design treatments for interior spaces. Conference halls are very popular in interior design as one of the most important architectural models that clearly show the importance of linking different materials and their integrated work, so that the building performs its function in a manner that suits the era. In light of this, the research studies the strategy of Nanotechnology and its relationship to the transformation that has occurred in interior architecture design from integrating (NP) in the design of the interior environment of conference halls. It also reviews their types and classifications while stimulating areas for application in light of sustainable behavior, which enhances the principle of modernity and innovation in design and creates architectural spaces that enhance the quality of life. This is in addition to preparing a list of technological elements and design considerations that must be followed and that work in an integrated manner to design conferences halls within the framework of Nanotechnology.