Androgenic alopecia (AGA) is a genetically predetermined condition that occurs as a result of stepwise miniaturization of the dermal papilla. During this process, the hair follicle suffers from increasing malnutrition and eventually dies, causing progressive hair loss. We recently highlighted that HIF-1α modulation may counteract hair loss. Here, we aim to demonstrate the positive influence of Tomorrowlabs HIF strengthening factor [HSF] hair restoration technology on hair biology in a monocentric blinded clinical trial over a total period of 9 months. A trial with 20 subjects (4 female and 16 male) and once-daily application of [HSF] hair restoration technology to the scalp was conducted. To assess the tolerability and efficacy of [HSF], testing included dermatological assessment, determination of hair loss by counting after combing, macro images of the head and TrichoScan evaluation of hair density as well as the proportion of anagen hair versus telogen hair. The clinical data show Tomorrowlabs [HSF] hair restoration to be safe and effective to counteract AGA. The use of Tomorrowlabs [HSF] hair restoration resulted in improvements in the clinical parameters of hair quality such as thickness (+7.2%), hair density (+14.3%) and shine and elasticity (+20.3%) during the test period. The effectiveness of the test product was further determined by a significant reduction in hair loss of an average of 66.8% in treatment-responsive subjects after 6 months and an increase in hair growth reaching up to 32.5%, with an average percentage change of 8.4% in all participants and 10.8% in the responsive patients (85% of the study cohort) after 9 months on TrichoScan evaluation. The hair growth cycle was harmonized with the result of an average anagen hair percentage increase of +8.0% and telogen hair percentage reduction of −14.0% shown in the test area. Applicable for both sexes in an alcohol-free formulation, beneficial to scalp health and free of complications or side effects, this novel product provides objectively measurable results counteracting hair loss paired with an improved look and feel of the hair.

Background: Extracellular vesicles are pivotal mediators in intercellular communication, facilitating the exchange of biological information among healthy, pathological and tumor cells. Between the diverse subtypes of extracellular vesicles, exosomes have unique properties and clinical and therapeutical applications. Breast cancer ranks as one of the most prevalent malignancies across the globe. Both the tumor core and its surrounding microenvironment engage in a complex, orchestrated interaction that facilitates cancer’s growth and spread. Methods: The most significant PubMed literature about extracellular vesicles and Adipose-Derived Stem Cell Exosomes and breast cancer was selected in order to report their biological properties and potential applications, in particular in treating triple-negative breast cancer. Results: Adipose-Derived Stem Cell Exosomes represent a potential tool in targeting triple-negative breast cancer cells at three main levels: the tumor core, the tumor microenvironment and surrounding tissues, including metastases. Conclusions: The possibility of impacting triple-negative breast cancer cells with engineered Adipose-Derived Stem Cell Exosomes is real. The opportunity to translate our current in vitro analyses into a future in vivo scenario is even more challenging.

Background: Due to the high demand of post-bariatric surgeries, the number of litigation cases is rapidly growing. Even if surgical mistakes still represent one of the main causes of medico-legal issues, many disputes depend on what happens in the post-operative course. In this article we analyzed the litigation cases that occurred in our Plastic Surgery Department, the current literature about medico-legal disputes and the importance of the doctor–patient relationship. Patients and methods: The medical records of 788 post-bariatric surgeries, the post-operative complications and the related litigation cases from January 2015 to December 2019 were collected, analyzed and compared. Results: We performed 380 abdominoplasties, 28 torsoplasties, 65 breast reductions, 99 mastopexies, 94 brachioplasties, 52 thighplasties, 65 liposuctions and 5 facelifts between 2015 and 2019. Eight patients complained of medical issues and claimed for litigation. Despite in all cases the judges highlighted the risk of consent misinterpretation, the payout was granted only in one case. Conclusion: Post-bariatric patients often mistake their preoperative condition and consider body contouring procedures as an aesthetic surgery treatment. Patients should be therefore clearly informed about the complexity of body contouring procedures after massive weight loss, which should never be compared to aesthetic surgery. Surgeons should always promote the communication with their patients and build a strong and trustworthy relationship. This attitude will allow to deal more easily with complications and, in the worst situations, with medico-legal litigations. Level of Evidence IV: This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266.

Triple-negative breast cancer is the most common and most deadly cancer among women. Radiation is a mainstay of treatment, administered after surgery, and used in the hope that any remaining cancer cells will be destroyed. While the cancer cell response is normally the focus of radiation therapy, little is known about the tumor microenvironment response after irradiation. It is widely reported that increased collagen expression and deposition are associated with cancer progression and poor prognosis in breast cancer patients. Aside from the classical fibrotic response, ratios of collagen isoforms have not been studied in a radiated tumor microenvironment. Here, we created one healthy co-culture of stromal fibroblasts and adipose-derived stem cells, and one triple-negative breast cancer co-culture, made of stromal fibroblasts, adipose derived stem cells, and triple-negative breast cancer cells. After irradiation, growth and decellularization of co-cultures, we reseeded the breast cancer cells for 24 h and analyzed the samples using mass spectrometry. Proteomic analysis revealed that collagen VI, a highly oncogenic collagen isoform linked to breast cancer, was decreased in the irradiated cancer co-culture. This indicates that the anti-cancer impact of radiation may be not only cell ablative, but also influential in creating a less oncogenic microenvironment.

Recent advancements in Plastic Surgery and Regenerative MedicineQuery have revolutionized tissue repair, remodeling, and regeneration. A promising approach involves Mesenchymal Stem cells and from the adipose–derived Stromal Vascular Fraction, aimed at improving tissue healing post the use of synthetic materials. This integration shows potential in mitigating adverse effects of synthetic materials like dermal fillers, offering new clinical interventions for tissue repair and regeneration. This article explores the benefits, complications, and applications of these technologies in Plastic Surgery and Cosmetic Medicine, focusing on their mechanisms of action and future perspectives. Level of evidence: Not ratable