Background: Cardiovascular complications are a leading cause of mortality and disability in individuals with diabetes mellitus (DM). Moreover, DM can directly impact the structure and function of cardiac muscle. We conducted a study to evaluate cardiac stiffness in DM patients in both the left atrium (LA) and left ventricle (LV), as well as to assess the impact of DM on the synchronization of the LA and LV, particularly within the Vietnamese population, utilizing speckle tracking echocardiography (STE).Methods: We studied 111 research subjects divided into two groups comprising 52 patients with DM and 59 healthy individuals. All the subjects provided relevant clinical information, and echocardiography was performed to assess the indices of LA stiffness, LV stiffness, and left atrioventricular coupling index (LACI).Results: Our study indicated that DM patients exhibited greater LA and LV stiffness than control patients. The LACI (%) in the DM group was also greater than that in the control group (17.12% ± 6.72% vs. 12.28% ± 3.96%, respectively; p < 0.001). The LACI was positively correlated with the LA and LV stiffness indices. Decreased levels of LV GLS, adjusted for age, sex, blood pressure, and BMI, have emerged as identified risk factors for DM.Conclusions: LA stiffness, LV stiffness, and the LACI are greater in DM patients than in normal individuals.

Background and Objectives: There is little data regarding the characteristics of young Vietnamese patients (<40 years old) who get acute coronary syndrome (ACS). This study aimed to compare the risk factors, clinical-subclinical characteristics, coronary lesions, and mortality prediction (based on the GRACE and TIMI scores) of young ACS patients with their older counterparts. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted amongst 69 patients with ACS at the Cardiovascular Center of Hue Central Hospital from May 2017 to December 2018. These patients were divided into two groups: 33 patients were < 40 years old (group 1), and 36 patients were ≥ 40 years old (group 2). Demographic data, risk factors profile, clinical-subclinical characteristics, coronary lesions, and mortality prediction were compared between the two groups. Results: Compared with group 2, group 1 had a higher proportion of severe angina (the prevalence of angina graded III-IV by CCS classification was 69.7% in group 1 versus 36.1% in group 2, P = 0.0108) and lower systolic pressure (median was 120 mmHg in group 1 versus 135 mmHg in group 2, P = 0.006). The prevalence of unstable angina and STEMI was higher in group 1 (51.5% and 36.4% in group 1 versus 30.6% and 11.1% in group 2, respectively), while NSTEMI was higher in group 2 (58.3% in group 2 versus 12.1% in group 1, P = 0.0002). The prevalence of single-vessel CAD, normal coronary angiography (CAG), nonobstructive CAD in group 1 was also higher and multi-vessel CAD was lower than group 2 (45.5%, 33.3%, 12.1% and 9.1% in group 1 versus 33.3%, 2.8%, 2.8% and 61.2% in group 2, respectively). The Gensini, GRACE, and TIMI scores were lower in group 1 (median was 5; medium was 78.55 and median was 2 in group 1 versus 37.5, 130.22 and 3 in group 2, respectively). Smoking was a risk factor for obstructive CAD in group 1 (OR = 7.12, 95% CI: 1.25–40.63, P < 0.05). Conclusion: Young patients with ACS tended to be males, smokers, and with positive familial history; the grade of angina was more severe, and systolic pressure was lower; the prevalence of unstable angina and STEMI was higher. Smoking was a risk factor for obstructive CAD in young patients.

Erectile dysfunction (ED) shares common risk factors with cardiovascular (CV) disease, such as a sedentary lifestyle, obesity, and metabolic syndrome. However, the relationship between ED and CV risk in Vietnam remains unknown. To investigate this, we conducted a multi-center observational study, randomly selecting 2,936 men aged 40 to 69 years in Vietnam, with 385 participants included after exclusions. The study evaluated the 10-year CV risk using the Systematic Coronary Risk Evaluation 2-Diabetes (SCORE2-Diabetes) score and assessed ED using the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF-5) score. Results showed that men with diabetes mellitus and hypertension had significantly lower IIEF-5 scores compared to healthy individuals (18 [15–22] vs. 23 [20–24], p < 0.001). Additionally, the IIEF-5 score proved effective in identifying patients at very high CV risk, with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.747, a cutoff point of 18.5, sensitivity of 69.6%, and specificity of 69.9%. Furthermore, we found a significant inverse correlation between SCORE2-Diabetes and IIEF-5 (ρ = -0.45 and p < 0.001). These findings establish a significant connection between ED and CV risk in men with diabetes, underscoring the need for integrated screening and management strategies to address both conditions concurrently.

Arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) embolization is considered as a promising option either its single treatment or in combination with surgery, and the use of low-density N-butyl cyanoacrylate (NBCA)/Lipiodol is acceptable mixture agents but its application should be performed by experienced endovascular teams. We describe a successful case preoperative embolization of high-flow AVMs with low-density NBCA/Lipiodol. A 26-year-old male patient was hospitalized with a big pulsatile mass at the right thigh. Doppler ultrasound showed a mass with high systolic, and diastolic velocities coming from the right superficial femoral artery. Angiogram showed a large and high-flow AVM type IV, according to Yakes classification. Low-density NBCA/Lipiodol 12.5% were performed to obstruct all the nidus and feeding arteries. Extirpation surgery was implemented 4 days after the complete embolization procedure.

Đặt vấn đề: Những năm gần đây, đái tháo đường trở thành vấn đề sức khỏe toàn cầu, tỷ lệ mắc bệnh đang tăng nhanh ở các nước phát triển và đang phát triển. Bệnh động mạch vành trên bệnh nhân đái tháo đường có bệnh cảnh lâm sàng nặng và tỷ lệ tử vong cao. Chụp động mạch vành giúp đánh giá mức độ tổn thương động mạch vành theo thang điểm SYNTAX, một thang điểm giúp bác sĩ lâm sàng có thể đưa ra cách thức điều trị tối ưu cho mỗi bệnh nhân: điều trị nội khoa đơn thuần, đặt stent hay phẫu thuật bắc cầu nối chủ vành. Do đó, chúng tôi tiến hành đề tài này với mục tiêu: Tìm hiểu mối tương quan giữa mức độ tổn thương động mạch vành với các yếu tố nguy cơ và độ nặng của bệnh nhân đái tháo đường type 2. Đối tượng - Phương pháp nghiên cứu: Cắt ngang mô tả có đối chứng 60 bệnh nhân đái tháo đường type 2 được chụp động mạch vành có tổn thương ý nghĩa (hẹp ≥ 50% đường kính lòng mạch ≥ 1 nhánh động mạch vành chính). Nhóm đối chứng: 65 bệnh nhân không có đái tháo đường được chụp động mạch vành có tổn thương ý nghĩa. Kết quả: Các yếu tố nguy cơ bệnh động mạch vành ở nhóm đái tháo đường đều cao hơn nhóm không đái tháo đường (trừ hút thuốc lá). Điểm SYNTAX trung bình của nhóm bệnh nhân có đái tháo đường cao hơn có ý nghĩa so với nhóm không đái tháo đường (p < 0,001). Có mối tương quan thuận mức độ trung bình giữa thang điểm SYNTAX với thời gian mắc bệnh đái tháo đường (r = 0,484; p = 0,001). Có mối tương quan thuận mức độ yếu giữa thang điểm SYNTAX với HbA1C (r = 0,297; p = 0,012). Có mối tương quan thuận mức độ yếu giữa thang điểm SYNTAX với microalbumin niệu (r = 0,306; p = 0,001). Có mối tương quan nghịch mức độ trung bình giữa thang điểm SYNTAX với phân suất tống máu thất trái (r = 0,4388; p = 0,0012). Kết luận: Thông qua đánh giá thang điểm SYNTAX cho thấy có mối tương quan giữa mức độ nặng của tổn thương động mạch vành với độ nặng của bệnh đái tháo đường.

A 55-year-old male was admitted with numbness in the left foot and intermittent claudication. Doppler ultrasound and digital subtraction angiography presented chronic total occlusion in the ostial of left superficial femoral artery and reperfusion flow at one-third below from collateral channels of deep femoral artery. Thus, we decided to perform an endovascular intervention for this patient. First, we used contralateral transfemoral approach technique, but the microwire could not reach to the occluded superficial femoral artery lesion. Then, we approached the chronic total occlusion lesion retrogradely. A wire was passed successfully from the popliteal artery to ostial superficial femoral artery. Finally, 2 stents were implanted. This case highlights that popliteal retrograde approach is effective and safe for total occlusion of superficial femoral artery.