The structural characteristics, dimensional change after four washing cycles, non-creasing properties and air permeability of Swiss double piqué knitted fabrics from cotton/flax (70% cotton, 30% flax), PAN/flax (70% PAN, 30% flax) and 100% flax yarns have been investigated. These knitted fabric samples of varying densities were produced on a 10 -gauge circular knitting machine. The results of investigation showed that the structural characteristics, dimensional change in washing, non-creasing properties and air permeability are highly dependent on the type of yarn used. Besides the type of yarn, the structural characteristics, such as the number of wales W and courses C per centimeter, fabric stitch density S, weight W_s, and fabric tightness K, are also influenced by the average loop length l_a. The weight W_s and thickness t of knitted fabrics are determined by the diameter of the yarn used. Usually, primary dimensional alterations of knitted fabrics of all yarn types occur after the first and second washing cycles. The non-creasing properties of the examined knitted fabrics are mainly affected by the type of yarn, rather than the average loop length l_a. Lastly, the air permeability AP of knitted fabrics is affected by the type of yarn, the average loop length l_a, and fabric density S.

This research aims to investigate the influence of single miss stitches on the structural characteristics, dimensional stability, and stretch properties of double weft cotton/flax knitted fabrics. The study encompasses nine fabric variants with different numbers of knit and miss stitches in the repeat, alongside with half Milano rib fabric. All knitted fabrics are produced using a 2-ply 25x2tex x 2 cotton/flax blend yarn (70% cotton, 30% flax) on a 10 -gage flat-bed knitting machine. The comprehensive analysis encompasses crucial structural properties after dry relaxation for 10 days and after four washing cycles. Also, both the dimensional properties and stretch properties were examined b lengthwise and widthwise. It was found that the lengthwise dimensional changes for all fabrics were significantly greater than widthwise. The interlooping repeat significantly affects the widthwise fabric shrinkage: an increase in the percentage of missed stitches in the repeat leads to a decrease in the widthwise shrinkage. The full lengthwise deformation of studied fabrics ranges between 15% and 25%, while the widthwise value reaches up to 63% and depends on miss stitches repeat. An Increasing the percentage of missed stitches in the repeat leads to a decrease in the widthwise stretching due to the floats’ positioning in this direction. Fabrics with the same percentage of miss stitches in the repeat show similar levels of structural characteristics, shrinkage and deformations. In brief, this research offers valuable insights into the properties of double knitted fabrics with different single miss stitches. Understanding how these stitches influence fabric characteristics can greatly optimize textile design and manufacturing for both fashion and technical textiles.

This study investigated the effect of the rib set-out repeat and single miss stitches on the structural properties and dimensional stability of double weft knitted fabrics compared with half Milano rib. Nine variations of double weft knitted fabrics were produced, each with a different number of inactive needles at the width repeat R _b . The fabrics were tested after 10 days of dry relaxation and five washings. The fabric’s structural repeat at the height R _h consisted of a combination of two courses, rib and plain (variant 1), and rib set-out and single with miss (float) stitch, with stitch repeats varying at the width R _b (for variants 2–10). The miss stitch was made on the technical back of the knitted fabrics, and the number of inactive needles during the production of the single and double stitches ranged from 1 to 3. The fabrics were manufactured using a 10-gauge flat bed-knitting machine from blended wool/PAN (60% wool, 40% PAN) 25×2tex×2 yarn. The results demonstrated that the width repeat of miss knit stitches R _b (different numbers of knit and miss loop stitches) plays a crucial role in determining the dimensional stability and structural properties of double knitted fabrics. The number of washing cycles did not significantly impact the structural properties (around ±5%). The research results demonstrated shrinkage in the length and width directions, specifically after the first two washing cycles. The rib set-out repeat and single miss stitches affect dimensional changes in both directions: an increase in the number of inactive needles increases shrinkage in the length and decreases shrinkage in the width direction. Overall, this study highlights the importance of the number and placement of miss stitches during the design process of double weft knitted fabrics, particularly when aiming to achieve specific structural and dimensional properties.

This study aims to examine the effect of rib set-out repeat on the structural characteristics and mechanical properties of double-knitted fabrics after dry relaxation and four washing cycles. The focus is on the behavior of the fabrics in terms of dimensional stability and stretch properties. Half Milano rib and nine variants of double weft knitted fabrics differed by the number of inactive needles in the rib set-out repeat were produced from a 25 × 2tex × 2 cotton/flax yarn on a 10-gauge flat-bed knitting machine. It was found that the rib set-out repeat affects dimensional changes in both directions: an increase in the number of inactive needles increases shrinkage. The rib set-out repeat also significantly influences the structural characteristics. As the number of inactive needles in the rib set-out repeat increases, the double-knitted fabric becomes denser, thicker, and heavier. The analysis of stretchability indicates that the repeat didn`t affect full lengthwise deformation but affected the full widthwise deformation. Fabrics with an identical percentage of inactive needles (50%) exhibit minimal differences in properties. The study results are particularly significant for a manufacturer to enhance the quality of knitted fabrics by understanding their dimensional stability and stretch performance.

The objective of this research is to explore structural characteristics (loop length and stitch density) and electrical resistivity (volume and surface) of plain weft-knitted flax fabrics, both before and after pilling. Pilling in these fabrics was conducted using a Martindale device equipped with two abrasives: the knitted fabric under examination and a wool woven fabric. A decrease in loop length and stitch density of the knitted fabrics after pilling with both abrasives was noted, except for loop length in two lightweight samples. Before pilling, a reducing loop length and increasing other structural characteristics of the fabrics correlated with reduced resistivity. After pilling, all examined samples displayed decreased volume and surface electrical resistivity, except the sample characterized by the highest structural values, which displayed increased surface electrical resistivity after pilling with both abrasives. Fabrics subjected to pilling with the wool woven fabric showcased lower values in both volume and surface electrical resistivity.

This study examines the dimensional, mechanical (bursting strength, ball traverse elongation, compressibility, and compressive resilience), and comfort-related properties (air permeability, water vapor resistance, volume electrical resistivity, and water retention) of double-weft knitted fabrics made from cotton and wool, using 1 × 1 rib and Milano rib structure, that develop during the washing process. The results reveal that yarn composition, knit structure, and washing conditions have a significant influence on the fabric’s performance after washing, particularly in terms of dimensional stability and structural integrity. Cotton fabrics exhibited greater dimensional changes after washing compared to wool fabrics. Isotropic shrinkage was observed in cotton Milano rib and wool 1 × 1 rib fabrics, while anisotropic dimensional changes occurred in cotton 1 × 1 rib and wool Milano rib fabrics. Wool fabrics had shorter initial stitch lengths and a higher mass per unit area, indicating coarser yarns and denser knit structures. Cotton fabrics, particularly those with a 1 × 1 rib structure, experienced notable reductions in bursting strength, compressibility, and air permeability. In contrast, wool fabrics, especially with a 1 × 1 rib structure, showed improved mechanical properties after washing. Across all samples, comfort-related properties declined after washing, with cotton fabrics experiencing more significant deterioration, likely due to increased sensitivity to conducted washing stresses. Overall performance rankings indicated that wool fabrics in the 1 × 1 rib structure maintained the greatest stability after washing, whereas cotton fabrics in the same knit structure exhibited the most substantial deterioration in performance. These findings provide valuable guidance for selecting yarn composition and knit structure type to enhance the dimensional stability, and functional performance of knitted products. The influence of yarn process and structure has not been taken into consideration.