This study aimed to valorize pomegranate by-products (peel and carpelar membranes—PPCM) through their high biological potential for phenolic compounds recovery. The influence of lower temperatures (40 and 60 °C) and pressures (20, 40, 60, 80, and 100 bar) than those generally used in pressurized liquid extraction (PLE) was evaluated through global extraction yield (X₀), and qualitative and quantitative composition of the phenolic compounds. Chromatographic techniques were used to analyze the two treatments with the highest X₀. Temperature, pressure, and their interaction had a significant influence on X₀. The best phenolic compounds extraction conditions were using pressurized ethanol at 60 °C and 40 bar (extract 1—E1, 37% on d.b.) and 60 °C and 80 bar (extract 2—E2, 45% on d.b.). Nevertheless, E1 presented a significantly higher content of α, β punicalagin, and ellagic acid (48 ± 2, 146 ± 11, and 25.6 ± 0.3 mg/100 g, respectively) than E2 (40 ± 2, 126 ± 4, and 22.7 ± 0.3 mg/100 g). Therefore, this study could validate the use of low pressures and temperatures in PLE to recover phenolic compounds from pomegranate residues, making this process more competitive and sustainable for the pomegranate industry.

Amazonian oils and fats (AOFs) have promising composition and bioactive properties, and their processing with supercritical fluids presents several opportunities and challenges for the industry. Our review is dedicated to unraveling the advances in the application of supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) to produce these exceptional oils and fats from Amazonian raw materials, such as fruits, pulps, seeds, and industrial by-products. Our review found that Amazonian plant species produce lipid-rich raw materials and also grow naturally in other regions with similar climates. AOFs present high nutritional value and functional properties due to their content of bioactive compounds. The properties of AOFs are attributed to their major and minor components; lipid molecules represent the major fraction and some fat-soluble compounds, such as tocopherols, phytosterols, terpenes and others, constitute the minor fraction. The production of AOFs by SFE requires properly prepared raw materials and process optimization. Several scientific articles report on the production of AOFs by SFE, but application studies in product development are still scarce. The composition and technological properties of AOFs show a wide spectrum of opportunities for the development of nutritional and functional products. Aspects such as the scaling up of the SFE process, agroforestry or agronomic production, and product development require further studies to promote the AOFs industry in a way that contributes to sustainable development, food security, and the quality of life and health of the Amazonian populations.

Tumbo fruit has potential for industrialization due to its nutritional and functional properties, but scientific knowledge of this species is still limited compared to other species of the same genus, Passiflora. This review compiles the latest scientific advances on Tumbo, which cover the food technological aspects of Tumbo fruit, its uses and its potential as a source of bioactives for different industries, especially food, pharmaceutical, and cosmetics. The products (nectar, jellies, jams, wines, others) and by-products of the processing of the Tumbo fruit have various nutritional, sensory, and composition attributes for developing new food and non-food products. The potential applications of the fruit and its derivatives are broad, such as cosmetics, drugs, functional foods, and additives; these applications are due to its technological properties and its content of bioactive molecules. The Tumbo biorefinery presents an important perspective, especially for its bioactivity of high biological value for different industries.

According to the literature, Schinus molle (SM) is an important source of bioactive phytochemicals, but the phytochemical content and composition of this species, which grows in high Andean geographic zones such as Tarma (Peru), is not known. In an effort to fill this gap, our work investigated the supercritical carbon dioxide extraction of SM leaves at three temperature levels (35, 45, and 55 °C) and three pressure levels (150, 250, and 350 bar). The results revealed the highest yield of extract at 150 bar, 45 °C, and 3.28 g CO₂/min. Under these conditions, the overall extraction curves (OEC) were modeled using the Spline, logistic, and Esquível models, allowing the generation of mass transfer parameters for SFE at the optimized conditions, resulting in a similar correlation with experimental data. Twenty-six compounds were identified in the SFE extract of SM leaves. The most abundant compound classes were sesquiterpenoids (57.17%), sesquiterpenes (24.50%), and triterpenoids (10.48%); of each class, the most abundant compounds were shyobunol (33.60%), bicyclogermacrene (12.68%), and lupeone (6.58%), respectively. The compounds detected possess bioactive properties that support further studies on the application of SFE extracts of SM as a functional ingredient in commercial products.

Los insectos son fuente importante de proteínas, vitaminas, aminoácidos, minerales y lípidos. En ese contexto el presente estudio, evaluó el perfil de ácidos grasos esenciales del aceite de larva de Rhynchophorus palmarum (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) sometida a tres dietas de tejidos vegetales: Mauritia flexuosa (Arecaceae), Oenocarpus bataua (Arecaceae) y Jacaratia digitata (Caricaceae). Fueron capturados cinco individuos adultos, 2 machos y 3 hembras para su reproducción en cautiverio. Las larvas eclosionadas se sometieron a las tres dietas por 45 días. Después de este periodo se efectuó la extracción y se determinó el perfil de ácidos grasos del aceite. Siendo el ácido graso monoinsaturado oleico (18:1) y el ácido graso saturado palmítico (16:0), los que se encuentran en mayor abundancia para las tres dietas. Respecto a los ácidos grasos esenciales, fueron detectados los ácidos grasos linoleico (18:2) y alpha linolénico (18:3) en concentraciones de 1,96 ± 0,028 y 1,14 ± 0,007%, para la dieta de Mauritia flexuosa, 0,67 ± 0,007 y 0,43 ± 0,035%, para la dieta de Oenocarpus bataua, y 0,76 ± 0,000 y 0,29 ± 0,007%, para la dieta de Jacaratia digitata, respectivamente. Los resultados muestran que las dietas influyen en el tipo de ácido graso metabolizado y su concentración. La larva es fuente de ácidos grasos monoinsaturados como el oleico (omega 9) y el palmitoleico (omega 7), y de los ácidos grasos esenciales linoleico y alpha linolénico precursores de los ácidos grasos de la familia omega 6 y omega 3.