Over the present material synthesis routes, the sonochemical route is highly efficient and comfortable way to produce nanostructured materials. In this way, the copper sulfide (CuS-covellite) and sulfur doped reduced graphene oxide (S-rGO) nanocomposite was prepared by sonochemical method. Interestingly, the structure of the as-prepared S-rGO/CuS was changed from the covellite to digenite phase. Herein, the S-rGO was act as a mild oxidizer and liable for the structural transformations. These structural changes are sequentially studied by various physicochemical characterizations such as Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), Raman spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Transmission electron microscopy (TEM). After scrupulous structural evaluations, the transformation of CuS phase was identified and documented. This oxidized CuS has an excellent electrocatalytic activity when compare to the bulk CuS. This S-rGO/CuS was further used for the determination of glucose and acquired good electrocatalytic performances. This S-rGO/CuS was exhibited a wide linear concentration range, 0.0001–3.88 mM and 3.88–20.17 mM, and a low-level detection limit of 32 nM. Moreover, we have validated the practicability of our developed glucose sensor in real biological samples.

In the present work, potato-like silver molybdate (Ag₂MoO₄) microstructures were synthesized through a simple hydrothermal method. The microstructures of Ag₂MoO₄were characterized by various analytical and spectroscopic techniques such as XRD, FTIR, Raman, SEM, EDX and XPS. Interestingly, the as-prepared Ag₂MoO₄showed excellent photocatalytic and electrocatalytic activity for the degradation of ciprofloxacin (CIP) and electrochemical detection of hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂), respectively. The ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy results revealed that the potato-like Ag₂MoO₄microstructures could offer a high photocatalytic activity towards the degradation of CIP under UV-light illumination, leads to rapid degradation within 40 min with a degradation rate of above 98%. In addition, the cyclic voltammetry (CV) and amperometry studies were realized that the electrochemical performance of Ag₂MoO₄modified electrode toward H₂O₂detection. Our H₂O₂sensor shows a wide linear range and lower detection limit of 0.04–240 μM and 0.03 μM, respectively. The Ag₂MoO₄modified electrode exhibits a high selectivity towards the detection of H₂O₂in the presence of different biological interferences. These results suggested that the development of potato-like Ag₂MoO₄microstructure could be an efficient photocatalyst as well as electrocatalyst in the potential application of environmental, biomedical and pharmaceutical samples.