This systematic literature review examines the association between distributive leadership and teachers’ job satisfaction in public schools, focusing on the mechanisms underlying this association in a broad context. A total of 12 high-quality studies published between 2020 and 2024 were included. A comprehensive search strategy, with strict inclusion and exclusion criteria, and detailed data integration were employed to ensure accuracy and reliability of the results. The concept and characteristics of distributive leadership were used to structure and organize the findings. The analysis revealed distributive leadership as an effective leadership style that exhibits a strong positive relation with teachers’ job satisfaction. This review not only enriches the theory of educational leadership but also provides practical guidance for school leaders and policymakers to improve the quality of education. Overall, the review highlights the importance of distributive leadership practices in improving teachers’ satisfaction and enhancing education quality.