Event business is constantly growing in frequency and size, attracting people from nearby areas and different countries as well. Transportation plays a key role in a successful event, especially for major ones, where the large number of participants requires ad hoc designing of event mobility and might include implementation of new infrastructures. In recent decades, environmental issues have emphasized event negative externalities, leading to the design of green events. This paper presents a comprehensive systematic literature review on studies investigating the sustainable practices related to event mobility. The methodology showcases a selection of 32 articles, which were classified according to their main contributions into five categories, for which gaps and trends were shown. Our findings indicate that there are not enough studies to draw conclusions about good practices that can be generalized to each kind of event. Additionally, strong limitations in the reviewed papers are the different contexts of the analysis and the lack of a validation through empirical data. The research presented in this paper adds a contribution to the sustainable event transportation literature reporting the most established models, methods, and interventions. In detail, the most promising interventions involve mass transit and demand-oriented services that rely on intelligent transportation systems and user information.

The implementation of valid freight transport simulation models requires an extensive and detailed validation phase for understanding the feasibility of the outputs and the capacity of the structure of the proposed models in representing the real-world data. Traditional methods involve the use of surveys in order to describe the behaviour of stakeholders and to gather some aspects of the modal choices. Recent studies integrate this approach with Big Data as Floating Car Data to obtain better statistical information of the details at different levels. The current research involves the unexplored field of the validation of freight transport simulation models using a data-driven approach based on a large database of over 292 million Floating Car Data (FCD) signals generated by 29,298 commercial vehicles during the month of October 2019. The paper proposes an FCD processing methodology to identify freight vehicles using Ro-Ro/Ro-Pax services, and presents the results of an in-depth tracking analysis for combined transport and road transport. The validation phase permits the evaluation of the simulation tool results with real choices of heavy vehicles, referring also to the statistical information on travel times and the achievement of additional information through an in-depth analysis of tracking single vehicles.