This study is based on the concept of Kondratiev’s technological waves as an analytical instrument for examining the processes of technological evolution. It aims at setting feasible indicators for this evolutionary development in order to provide a regulatory instrument for policy makers. In order to do so, the authors analyze approaches used for resource efficiency improvement in several European countries (i.e., implementation of Best Available Techniques, BAT). They emphasize that in Russia, the BAT concept is seen primarily as an industrial policy instrument. While BAT-based legislation is enforced by the environmental authorities, technological innovations making it possible to achieve performance better than that required by BAT are supported by the industrial development authorities. In the conclusions, the authors state that BAT-based solutions could be used as drivers for developing and implementing new technological solutions (innovations) and should become the basis for working out state industrial and environmental policies. The results of policies currently being developed will be assessed by the end of 2024.

Carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) are a combination of necessary and promising technologies that can help reduce CO2 emissions, which are not used on a large scale due to the high cost of solutions. This article aims to review and analyze carbon capture and storage (CCS) projects in terms of their net zero contribution and cost estimates. The study identified a wide range of cost estimation methods that can be applied to CCS projects and revealed such issues as a lack of standardization, limited data, and cost data variability. Still, several common trends were found, including the classification of CCS adopters into low-cost and high-cost industries, cost estimation by CCS step (capture, transportation, storage) and industry (power generation, other sectors), and calculation of relative indices to make comparisons with other decarbonization options. The results of the study can serve as a foundation for developing approaches to estimating the costs of CCS in Russia, which are necessary for planning government support measures and involving businesses in the implementation of these initiatives.

Objectives. Following the imposition of sanctions against the Russian Federation, which included a ban on thesupply of foreign electronic equipment—including automation systems—to Russian enterprises, the continuingdevelopment of science and technology in Russia became a question of ensuring technological sovereignty accordingto the principle of import substitution. According to plans developed by the Ministry of Industry and Trade of theRussian Federation, the policy of import substitution, including automation systems, will ensure the replacement ofimported equipment with domestic counterparts.Methods. Approaches underlying the joint project of MIREA ‒ Russian Technological University and EnvironmentalIndustrial Policy Center to solve the problems of import substitution are described. Various substitution strategiesavailable in the world experience, as well as objective and subjective obstacles to their implementation in Russia,including the insufficiency of domestic regulatory legal acts and previously formed attachments to importedtechnologies and regulatory frameworks, are considered. Distinctive features of contemporary external relations areadduced to the necessity and urgency of developing technological sovereignty. The main functional requirementsfor a software and hardware platform for developing modern automated control systems (ACS) for mechanicalengineering applications, as well as the required capabilities of an engineering center for solving applied problemsof overcoming import dependence, are described. The components of the production of capital goods (engineering)and its role in the product life cycle are shown.Results. The selection of a pilot engineering object comprising a sectional glass-forming machine, along with asoftware-hardware complex including elements of industrial electronics and ACS, is justified. The main functionalelements of the ACS and their interrelations are shown.Conclusions. The results confirm the necessity of achieving complete import substitution for the creation of digitalproducts. Prospects for cooperation with interested organizations are shown.

Nowadays, the social and economic development of both individual countries and the world as a whole is facing a large number of external challenges. One of the key issues today is the achievement of sustainable development while managing the growth in resource consumption. Balancing energy supply with the pressing climate agenda has garnered global attention, particularly within the fuel and energy sector, which is the central pillar of energy supply and will remain so in the near future. In this regard, it is vital to determine its role in ensuring sustainable development and design mechanisms for transformation and adaptation to modern challenges. This issue is particularly acute for both functioning businesses and strategic oil and gas projects to be implemented in the Arctic. The purpose of this article is to study existing methods and potential decarbonization scenarios to determine their applicability within the industry in the context of ensuring the sustainable development of Russia’s Arctic. The article analyzes various scientific and technological approaches to decarbonization in light of the adoption of the Paris Agreement in 2015, which aims to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. The study investigates the causes of greenhouse gas emissions at each stage of oil and gas operations and proposes a mechanism for choosing decarbonization options. It critically examines global experiences and potential scenarios for reducing greenhouse gas emissions by oil and gas companies in the framework of sustainable development, identifying key trends and problems in this area. The study also presents possible decarbonization scenarios for the Arctic region, including carbon capture and storage (CCS) scenarios, renewable energy scenarios (utilizing renewable energy sources), and technological scenarios (upgrading existing technologies). The findings of this study can inform the development of strategies aimed at achieving carbon neutrality at various levels.

The article analyses the role and place of the best available techniques (BAT) concept for achieving requirements of international agreements. BAT implementation contributes towards sustainable development goals achievement via strengthening international partnerships, establishing responsible production and consumption patterns, introducing innovations, providing all with clean water and affordable energy. The authors consider international conventions aimed at preventing and controlling pollution and thus playing a significant role in the formation of conditions for the operation of facilities with significant negative environmental impact and socio-economic development of the territories where these facilities are located. It is suggested that regional leaders and industrial management should consider BAT requirements as boundary conditions for setting strategic development goals. The article emphasizes that international conventions recommend to apply environmentally, technically and economically best available techniques, technical solutions and methods. It is shown that applying the best available techniques as internationally recognized criteria for determining resource and environmental performance parameters for certain industrial activity allows to reach mutual understanding in solving complex issues related to the transfer of (transboundary) pollutants or the elimination of sources that pose a threat of pollution. The article describes typical approaches to pollution reduction and control of the member states of the Eurasian Union and BRICS. Russian case studies on BAT application for achieving compliance with international conventions and agreements are described. It is proposed to use the experience accumulated in the European Union and the Russian Federation during development of BAT Reference documents for drawing up and subsequent application of similar documents within the BRICS. The unique Russian BAT Reference document on municipal wastewater treatment is considered as a reference for preparing such a document for BRICS cities

The aim, objectives and main directions of the information and methodological support for environmental and technological modernisation of Russian economy and its transfer to Best Available Techniques in key economic sectors have been analysed in the article. It has been indicated, that the environmental and technological modernisation corresponds with the national goals and strategic development objectives of the Russian Federation, namely: establishing highly-productive, export oriented, resource efficient industry on the basis of modern technologies.The new direction of development of industrial policy of Russia – environmental industrial policy has been considered. The experience in developing and applying information and methodological support instruments, including information workshops, role games and professional qualification enhancement programmes has been described. The role of expert society on Best Available Techniques in the implementation of the environmental industrial policy has been analysed. It has been emphasised, that objectives of informing a wide range of interested parties, improving professional qualifications, forming the expert society on Best Available Techniques, considering development of norms and standards, assessing modernisation costs and establishing the rationale for setting new technological parameters, their resource efficiency and environmental performance, – all these issues should be regarded as inter-related net of cross-linked solutions. It has been demonstrated, that research projects implemented within the framework of the information and methodological support for the modernisation of the economy, provide for obtaining and systematising information needed to set environmental and economic rationale for new requirements to the resource efficiency and environmental performance of key production processes. Practical approaches have been determined for enhancing public discussion and information dissemination tools, professional qualification improvement programmes, approaches to the discussion of draft norms in the field of Best Available Techniques and resource efficiency for economic entities with regulators and regulated community, as well as other stakeholders, at the national and regional levels.