Hydrohydrazination of propargylamides with BocNHNH₂under Zn(OTf)₂catalysis gave dihydro-1,2,4-triazines which can be efficiently aromatizedin situwith K₃[Fe(CN)₆]. This provides a new entry into the medicinally important 1,2,4-triazine core.

Low-intensity systemic inflammation is an important element of heart failure pathogenesis. The aim of this study is to assess proinflammatory status serum indicators (C-reactive protein (CRP), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6)) in middle-aged males (M) and females (F) with essential hypertension (HTN) depending on left ventricular (LV) diastolic dysfunction (LVDD). The main group comprised 55 M and 49 F with the first- to second-severity grade HTN with mild heart failure and a preserved LV ejection fraction ≥50%. Patients had sinus rhythm, first or second-severity degree LVDD, LV hypertrophy, left atrium dilatation, and NT-proBNP > 125 pg/mL. Comparison group: 30 hypertensives without cardiac dysfunction; control group: 31 normotensives. Quantitative features were compared using the Mann–Whitney test, median χ², ANOVA module. Spearman’s rank correlation coefficients were determined to identify the relationship between the proinflammatory pattern and exercise tolerance. Hypertensive M had markedly higher CRP, TNF-α, and IL-6 levels compared to F. All mean values corresponded to reference range. In patients with second-degree LVDD, CRP, TNF-α, and IL-6 levels were significantly greater than in subjects with first-degree LVDD (both within M and within F samples). Significant negative associations between CRP, IL-6, and TNF-α levels and the 6 min walk test existed in hypertensive M and F. The study demonstrated a close relationship between the proinflammatory pattern and LVDD and exercise tolerance indicators, regardless of the hypertensive patient’s sex.

A series of peripheral blood characteristics were assessed in military pilots at service in Arctic immediately upon arrival at their dislocation site and by the end of the third, sixth, and twelfth month of service. The metabolic characteristics included total cholesterol (Ch), cholesterol of high, low, and very low density lipoproteins (HDL, LDL, and VLDL), triglycerides (TG), glucose, bilirubin, and atherogenicity index. Differential white blood cell and red blood cell counts were determined in stained blood smears. The parameters were compared at each term of service between groups of pilots having diagnoses “healthy” (control), spinal osteochondrosis, gastroduodenitis, myocardiodystrophy, neurovascular dystonia, and marginal arterial hypertension, which were below levels judged as contraindications against professional duties. In the last three of the above conditions, statistically significant increases lymphocytes (9.1–11.4%); and red blood cells (7.5–11.3%). These changes were most expressed upon marginal hypertension. The results are discussed in the context of pilots’ adaptation to stress caused by Arctic conditions.

Drug delivery systems enhance drug efficacy while minimizing side effects. Liposomes, as well-studied and clinically approved carriers, offer biodegradability, biocompatibility, and low toxicity, making them suitable for delivering various pharmacological agents. Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), a key growth factor, has shown therapeutic potential, particularly in infertility treatment. It effectively manages chronic and refractory endometritis by improving endometrial receptivity and increasing embryo implantation success. Studies indicate that G-CSF promotes endometrial growth and enhances the uterine microenvironment, benefiting patients with recurrent implantation failures and chronic endometritis. Encapsulation of G-CSF in liposomes enhances its stability, bioavailability, and controlled release. G-CSF-loaded liposomes were prepared using passive loading via the thin-film hydration method. The size of the liposomes, polydispersity index (PDI), and zeta potential were determined using dynamic and electrophoretic light scattering methods, and the encapsulation efficiency was measured using high-performance liquid chromatography. The morphology of the liposomes was established and confirmed using cryogenic transmission electron microscopy. The cytocompatibility of the G-CSF-loaded liposomes was evaluated on human dermal fibroblasts using an MTT assay. The G-CSF-loaded liposomes had an average particle size of 161.9 ± 9.9 nm, a PDI of 0.261 ± 0.03, and a zeta potential of +2.09 ± 0.10 mV, exhibiting high physical stability during long-term storage at +4 °C and 60% humidity. The passive loading method resulted in a 52.37 ± 3.64% encapsulation efficiency of the active substance. The analysis of cell viability revealed no cytotoxicity toward liposomes loaded with G-CSF and demonstrated a dose-dependent effect on the viability of human dermal fibroblasts. Thus, the obtained data confirm the successful preparation of G-CSF-loaded liposomes. However, to fully understand their effectiveness in biomedical applications, further research is needed, including an evaluation of their effectiveness in vivo. Such studies will help in determining the potential of these formulations for specific biomedical purposes and evaluating their safety and efficacy in living systems.

The aim of this research was to correlate indicators of proinflammatory status and the structural/functional characteristics of the cardiovascular system comparatively in male and female patients with essential hypertension (EH) complicated by diastolic chronic heart failure (CHF) with preserved left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF). The study included 104 middle-aged patients (55 males (M) and 49 females (F)) with first- or second-degree EH complicated by CHF with preserved LVEF. They all belonged to the low functional class of CHF, with LVEF ≥50%, first- or second-degree of LV diastolic dysfunction (LVDD), LV hypertrophy (LVH), and dilatation of the left atrium (LA) with a sinus rhythm and N-terminal brain natriuretic peptide >125 pg/mL. Serum levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) were measured. To identify the relationship between the proinflammatory pattern and cardiovascular parameters, Spearman’s rank correlation coefficients were determined. M had markedly higher levels of CRP, TNF-α, and IL-6 compared to F. However, all the mean values corresponded to the reference range. Significant direct associations of CRP level with the LV mass index (LVMI), relative wall thickness (RWT), LA volume index (LAVI), E/e’ ratio, and systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP, DBP) existed in both M and F, as well as negative correlations of CRP with LVDD parameter e’ and distance covered in a 6 min walk test. M and F had a positive association between IL-6 and LVMI, LAVI, E/e’ ratio, SBP, RWT, and DBP, as well as strong negative associations between IL-6 and e’ and distance passed in 6 min in each group. Significant direct correlations existed between serum TNF-α level and LVMI, RWT, LAVI, E/e’, SBP, and DBP both in M and F. Furthermore, there were negative relationships of TNF-α level with e’ and the distance covered for the 6 min walk. This study demonstrated a close relationship between the blood levels of proinflammatory autacoids and indicators of EH, exercise tolerance, LVH, LVDD, and LA enlargement, regardless of the patient’s sex. Compared to female patients, male patients had stronger correlations of CRP, TNF-α, and IL-6 levels with indicators of LVDD degree.