Essam R. I. Mahmoud graduated from the Faculty of Engineering, Cairo University in Egypt. He received his Ph. D. in the field of Advanced Materials from Osaka University, Japan. Mahmoud has numerous published researches in the new advanced materials technology such as friction stir processing, laser, and casting. He worked for 5 years as an assistant professor at King Khalid University and he is now an associate professor at the Islamic University in Madinah, Saudi Arabia.