Проведено испытание хвойного препарата производства Тихвинского химического завода на рост и накопление элементов минерального питания у двухлетних сеянцев сосны обыкновенной при выращивании в лесном питомнике в условиях открытого грунта. Выявлено стимулирующее действие препарата на рост растений при внесении в дозах 0,03 мл·м^–2, 0,1 и 0,3 мл·м^–2. Максимальный положительный эффект наблюдался при дозе 0,3 мл·м^–2. Масса хвои в этом варианте опыта была выше на 121%, масса сеянца – на 109%, а линейные параметры – в 1,5 раза по сравнению с контрольными растениями. Под воздействием препарата увеличивался вынос большинства химических элементов и их накопление в органах сеянцев. Исключение составили марганец по накоплению в стволиках и корнях и железо – в стволиках. Хвойный препарат в стимулирующих рост растений дозах оказал неоднозначное влияние на элементный состав органов сеянцев в расчете на единицу сухого вещества. Отмечалось повышение или тенденция к повышению уровня фосфора в органах, калия в хвое и корнях, меди – в стволиках и корнях, а кальция, цинка и магния – в хвое. Внесение хвойного препарата в дозах 0,03 мл·м^–2, 0,1 и 0,3 мл·м^–2 приводило к понижению значений соотношения N/P в хвое и стволиках, а также изменяло соотношение N/P/K в хвое сеянцев сосны за счет увеличения доли фосфора, что свидетельствовало об оптимизации статуса фосфора у растений. Хвойный препарат можно рекомендовать для применения в лесных питомниках в качестве эффективного стимулятора роста при выращивании посадочного материала хвойных пород.

The quality of planted forest crops depends significantly on the qualities of the planting stock. Numerous studies have been carried out to find clear seedling quality criteria and work out methods for their quantitative assessment to optimize the cultivation regime. Indicators of planting stock that are available for measurement under nursery conditions are needed to predict the success of forest crop establishment. This paper provides a review of the studies that applied different morphological criteria to evaluate coniferous planting stock quality and different determination methods. The suitability of planting stock quality indicators is determined by the effectiveness of predicting the outplanting survival rate (%) and growth. The key morphometric attributes of planting stock are the linear dimensions and biomass of whole seedlings and their individual organs: root collar diameter (RCD), seedling height (SH), dry mass of needles (NDM), stem (SBDM), roots (RDM), shoot/aboveground part of the seedling (SDM), seedling’s total dry matter (TDM), number of needles (NN). Effective indicators of seedling quality are morphometric indicators of roots: total length (TRL), volume (TRV), dry mass (RDM), number of first- (FOLR N), second- (SOLR N), and third-order (TOLR N) lateral roots, root surface area (TRS). TRL is a fairly reliable indicator of absorbent surface area. To minimize errors in the use of one or two traits, integrated seedling quality indices based on two or more indices have been developed. Widely used indices include: SQ = SH(cm)/RCD(mm); SDM/RDM ratio; Dickson quality index DQI = TDM/ ((SH / RCD) + (SDM / RDM)). RCD was the most suitable parameter to indicate seedling quality for many species due to its higher correlation level with the Dickson quality index. The SH index proved to be an effective indicator for analysis only when used together with RCD. When studying the formation of frost resistance, a number of morphological parameters are used: initiation of needle primordia, size of primordial shoots, cell volume, mitotic index (MI) of terminal primordia. Despite advances in testing planting stock quality and predicting field performance, not a single test is universally applicable for all woody plant species and environmental conditions. According to the target seedling concept, the application of morphometric criteria for assessing seedling quality in forest nurseries is a prerequisite for predicting outplanting success and maximizing the predictability of the outcomes of highproductivity forest crop planting. For citation: Robonen E.V., Chernobrovkina N.P., Egorova A.V., Zaitseva M.I., Nelaeva K.G. Morphometric Criteria for Assessing the Containerized Conifers Seedlings Quality. Lesnoy Zhurnal = Russian Forestry Journal, 2023, no. 5, pp. 42–57. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.37482/0536-1036-2023-5-42-57

The preparative technique for water extraction of goat willow ( Salix caprea L.) growing leaves was elaborated in order to stimulate Scots pine ( Pinus sylvestrisL.) seed germination by the...

The quality of forest crops significantly depends on the characteristics of the planting stock. To obtain high-quality conifer seedlings, the process of container cultivation is used and optimized and a double-cropping mode is introduced. The aim of this study has been to conduct a comparative analysis of one-year-old containerized seedlings of Pinus sylvestris L. according to morphometric parameters under a double-cropping regime under short growing season conditions at high latitudes. The experiment has been carried out in a forest nursery in southern Karelia, Russia. The duration of the first rotation (1rot) has been 146 days, the second one (2rot) – 91 days, the control one (0rot) – 132 days. The following parameters of seedlings have been determined: seedling height (SH, cm), root length (cm), bud length (mm), root collar diameter (RCD, mm), tree dry mass (TDM, g), shoot dry mass (SDM, g), root dry mass (RDM, g) and needle dry mass. The integral quality indices have been assessed, such as: shoot : root dry mass ratio (SRR) = SDM/RDM, sturdiness quotient (SQ) = SH(cm)/RCD(mm) and Dickson Quality Index (DQI) = TDM/(SH + SRR). The lowest values of seedling dry mass have been revealed in the 2rot variant. For all variants, the difference between the mean SQ and DQI values has been statistically significant at the p < 0.05 level. SRR was the lowest in the 1rot seedlings. The high correlation coefficients between the TDM and RCD for all variants confirm the high significance of the latter index. The results indicate the need to adjust the time regime and use additional agricultural practices to obtain high-quality planting stock.

Free arginine (Arg) content was observed to multiply when the level of nitrogen (N) nutrition was high, and additional fertilization with boron (B) potentiated this effect. Owing to this feature, conifers can be suggested for use as bioproducers of Arg. Concentrations of Arg in relation to N and B fertilization needed to be better understood. The effect of soil fertilization with N and B on accumulation of these elements and free Arg in one-year-old needles of 16-year-old Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) trees was determined in this study. Plantations were fertilized with doses of N from 0 to 1000 kg ha⁻¹ and B from 0 to 6 kg ha⁻¹. Fertilization with 3 kg ha⁻¹ B at N doses of 200–500 kg ha⁻¹ stimulated the accumulation of N in needles of up to 3.1–3.6% dry weight (DW). The level of Arg in needles increased from 74.7 to 175.9 μmol g⁻¹ DW at these levels of N and B.