Plant landraces represent a repository of a gene pool, local adaptation of their domestic species, and thereby are considered a great source of genetic variations. Such genetic variation can be helpful to mitigate the current and future food challenges. A total of 183 common bean accessions including three commercial varieties collected from 19 Turkish provinces were grown to record their morpho-agronomic variations and to evaluate the best performing accessions under multi-environmental conditions. Plant height, days to maturity, pods weight, seed length, and 100-seed weight were used to evaluate the best performing accessions under different environmental conditions. A wide range of variations for traits like days to maturity (99–161), plant height (21–168.7 cm), seed length (7.41–16.4 mm), seeds per plant (17.8–254.4), and 100-seeds weight (24.97–73.8 g) were observed and can be useful for breeding purposes. The analytic results derived from the first three eigenvectors suggested that plant height, plant weight, 100-seed weight, and days to flowering were biologically significant bean traits. Seed yield per plant was positively and significantly correlated with plant weight and pods weight. Genotype × environment biplot discriminated the studied common bean accessions based on their plant height and growth habit. Plant height, days to maturity, seed width, and first pod height were found highly heritable traits and were least affected by environmental forces. Among 19 provinces, accessions of Bilecik showed maximum pods per plant, seed yield per plant and 100-seed weight, while Erzincan and Sivas provinces reflected the prevalence of bushy and early maturing accessions. Information provided herein comprehensively explored the occurrence of genotypic variations which can be used for the development of candidate varieties responding to breeder, farmer, and consumer preferences.

This study was conducted in the farmer field between the years 2014 and 2015. In this study, 3 doses of potassium (K) (0, 10, and 20 kg da⁻¹) of K₂SO₄ (50% K₂O) fertilizer and 3 doses of humic acid (HA) (0, 20, and 40 kg da⁻¹) (85% HA) were used. Increase in the HA dose reflected significant effects on pH, salt, organic matter, phosphorus, magnesium, iron, and manganese contents of the experiment area at p < .01 level. It was determined that increased potassium applications affected the salt, magnesium (Mg), iron (Fe), and copper (Cu) contents at p < .01 level. Increased HA application on plant growth criteria had a significant effect on biological yield, grain yield, and harvest index (p < .01). However, K did not reflect any effect on the growth stage of wheat. Increased number of HA applications on grain and straw nutrient content were found to have significant (p < .01) effects on P, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, and Zn. Increased potassium applications had an effect on the P, K, Mg, Fe, and Zn contents with a significant level (p < .01). It was observed that HA applications were more effective than potassium applications on both general soil properties and yield and nutrient content.

Limited availability of nutrients to crops is a major agricultural concern. Deteriorated soil health and poor fertility status decrease the bioavailability of essential nutrients to the plants. Consequently, organic soil amendment biochar is gaining attention due to its potential benefits. Rhizobacterial inoculation, are also documented as an effective technology for mobilization of immobile nutrients in soil. However, limited literature is available on combined use of rhizobacteria and biochar. Therefore, this study was carried out to examine the changes in the nutrient content of einkorn wheat and the change in some soil properties during the application of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) with biochar. Four doses of biochar (0, 2.5, 5, and 10%) were applied with and without PGPR in the study. Biochar increased the growth criteria such as plant fresh weight (PFW), plant dry weight (PDW), root fresh weight (RFW), root dry weight (RDW), number of tillers, germination rate (GR) and potassium (K), calcium (Ca), sodium (Na), iron (Fe), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), manganese (Mn), and nickel (Ni) elements. While PGPR application increased soil pH, dry and fresh weight of root, R/S, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, and Ni contents, and it caused a decrease in PH, PFW, tillers, GR, P, Cu, and Zn values. Combined biochar applications and PGPR had a significant effect on the pH, RFW, R/S, P, Na, and Cu. In conclusion, the combination of biochar and PGPR applications has shown a positive effect in terms of soil properties, plant growth, and element contents of einkorn wheat.

Yapılan analizler sonucunda kök üstü organ, kök ve toprak örneklerinin besin elementi içeriği üzerine biyokömür ve solucan gübresi uygulamaları kontrole göre belirgin değişimlere neden olmuşlardır. Kontrol grubu bitkilerine göre bitki organlarında ve toprak besin elementi içeriklerinde en belirgin değişimler daha çok solucan gübresinin %5 (K ve Ca elementlerinde) ve %20 (Mg, Na, Fe, Mn, Zn ve Cu elementlerinde) uygulama dozlarında belirlenmiştir. Biyokömürün %20 uygulama dozunda solucan gübresi kadar artış sağladığı görülmüştür. Sonuç olarak biyokömür iyi bir toprak düzenleyici ve organik gübre kaynağı olarak kullanılabilir. Deneme Bolu Abant İzzet Baysal Üniversitesi, Ziraat ve Doğa Bilimleri Fakültesine ait iklim odasında yapılmıştır. Çalışmada artan dozlarda biyokömür ve solucan gübresi (%0, %5, %10 ve %20) kullanılmıştır. Deneme dört tekerrürlü ve tesadüf parselleri deneme desenine göre kurulmuştur. Deneme sonunda kök üstü organ, kök ve toprak örneklerinde potasyum, kalsiyum, magnezyum, sodyum, demir, mangan, çinko ve bakır element analizleri yapılmıştır.

This study was carried out in order to determine the effects of calcium nitrate (Ca(NO₃)₂) and humic acid (HA) applications on nutrient uptake of pepper seedling under salt stress in a plant growth room. Before sowing Demre variety of pepper seeds, 60 mM NaCI was added to each 300 cm³ pot. The experiment was ended at eighth week after the sowing. Applications of HA significantly affected K, Ca, Fe, Mn, Zn (p < .01) and P (p < .05) contents. Also, Ca(NO₃)₂ applications did not show a significant effect on Fe and Cu contents of pepper seedling. However, Ca(NO₃)₂ applications significantly affected N and P contents (p <.05) and K, Ca, Mn, and Zn contents (p < .01) of pepper seedling under salt stress.

Bu çalışmada Bolu Abant İzzet Baysal Üniversitesine ait Araştırma ve Deneme alanı topraklarının bazı fiziksel ve kimyasal özellikleri ile besin elementi içeriklerinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Çalışma alanında 0-20 cm ve 20-40 cm derinlikten alınan 30 adet toprak örneğinde yapılan analizler sonucunda toprakların büyük bir kısmının tınlı bünyeli olduğu, pH’larının hafif asidik ile hafif alkali arasında değiştiği, genel olarak tuzsuz, çok az kireçli ile çok fazla kireçli arasında kireç içeriklerine sahip oldukları tespit edilmiştir. Organik madde içeriklerinin yüzey toprak örneklerinde orta ve yeter seviyelerde olduğu belirlenmiştir. Toprakların yarayışlı fosfor ve alınabilir potasyum bakımından çok fazla sınıfında yer aldığı, mikro besin elementlerinden yarayışlı çinko içeriklerinin noksan, diğer mikro besin elementlerinin yeter ve fazla sınır değerleri içerinde yer aldıkları bulunmuştur.