This study analyzes passenger incidents in metro stations and their relationship with safety in Valparaiso, Chile. The primary aim is to examine how factors such as station design, passenger flow, and weather conditions influence the frequency and types of incidents in various micromobility spaces within metro stations. A comprehensive data analysis was conducted using records from the Valparaiso Metro between 2022 and 2023. During this period, approximately 500 incidents were documented, providing a substantial dataset for identifying incident patterns and correlations with contributing factors. The analysis revealed that incidents are significantly influenced by peak-hour conditions and weekdays. The platform–train interface emerged as the most complex space for incident occurrences. Specifically, the study found that crowded conditions inside trains during morning and evening rush hours contribute substantially to incidents. In other station spaces, incidents were closely linked to the station type and the presence of stair access. Conversely, stations designed with more accessible features appeared to have fewer incidents. Future studies will expand on this framework by incorporating additional factors and analyzing new data to develop a more comprehensive understanding of incident dynamics.

This paper reviews the variability of passenger service time (PST) at the platform–train interface (PTI), a critical performance indicator in metro systems shaped by the infrastructure design, affecting passenger behavior and accessibility. Despite its operational importance, PST remains underexplored in relation to crowd management strategies. This review synthesizes findings from empirical and experimental research to clarify the main factors influencing PST and their implications for platform-level interventions. Key contributors to PST variability include door width, gap dimensions, crowd density, and user characteristics such as mobility impairments. Design elements—such as platform edge doors, yellow safety lines, and vertical handrails—affect flow efficiency and spatial dynamics during boarding and alighting. Advanced tracking and simulation tools (e.g., PeTrack and YOLO-based systems) are identified as essential for evaluating pedestrian behavior and supporting Level of Service (LOS) analysis. To complement traditional LOS metrics, the paper introduces Level of Interaction (LOI) and a multidimensional LOS framework that captures spatial conflicts and user interaction zones. Control strategies such as platform signage, seating arrangements, and visual cues are also reviewed, with experimental evidence showing that targeted design interventions can reduce PST by up to 35%. The review highlights a persistent gap between academic knowledge and practical implementation. It calls for greater integration of empirical evidence into policy, infrastructure standards, and operational contracts. Ultimately, it advocates for human-centered, data-informed approaches to PTI planning that enhance efficiency, inclusivity, and resilience in high-demand transit environments.

Public transportation wait times are a crucial factor influencing users’ perception of the system’s efficiency, their satisfaction, and their willingness to continue using these services. This study analyzes long wait times in public transportation and identifies the most affected users in the Metropolitan Area of Valparaíso, Chile. Using data from the Gran Valparaíso Mobility and Transportation Survey conducted by the Transportation Planning Secretariat (SECTRA) in 2014, only public transportation trips were selected, resulting in a dataset of 17,951 records. Exploratory data analysis techniques and Artificial Intelligence algorithms, such as DBSCAN clustering, were applied, as well as Moran’s Index for spatial autocorrelation, in order to identify patterns and groups of users experiencing prolonged wait times. The results show that certain demographic groups and specific geographic areas face longer wait times, negatively impacting equity and accessibility within the public transportation system. This study provides insights for improving transportation planning by identifying patterns and user groups that experience extended wait times, which can guide decisions to enhance user satisfaction and promote the use of public transportation.

This study analyses the potential carrying of bicycles inside a train carriage. To this end, an experimental methodology based on observation and experimentation is implemented. The survey is conducted on the metro system in Valparaíso, Chile, highlighting the importance of intermodality between bicycles and trains. It identifies that the current capacity of the carriages is not adequate to ensure safety and efficiency during boarding and alighting. As a result of the survey, a solution is tested to reduce the number of seats in the carriage and create a designated special waiting area for cyclists. This test is conducted experimentally in a laboratory, using a full-scale model of a metro carriage and its corresponding platform. The experiments show that the designated special waiting area for bicycles reduces boarding time and results in a better distribution of passengers inside the carriage, offering a solution that improves both safety and efficiency. This study could contribute to the development of incentive policies for intermodality, which is a key aspect in achieving sustainability in railway transportation systems. Future research will aim to expand this study by including other carriage configurations and a wider variation of demand levels.