Initial Teacher Training (ITT) has been a recurring theme in recent years in Chilean educational policy and the field of educational research, mainly due to its impact on the Chilean educational system. Under its relevance, this article analyzes ITT and some aspects of its improvement through the revision methodology described by Kart and Kart (2021). Among the main findings, it is possible to mention that the research provides evidence on the decisions that should be made around the teaching profession and the improvement of initial training not only at the institutional level but also at the educational policy level. At the same time, it highlights the need for comprehensive support for future pedagogues and the importance of using the data obtained through the ‘National Diagnostic Evaluation’ for decision making.

El principal objetivo de este estudio es examinar la producción científica referida a la retroalimentación en diferentes contextos educativos. La retroalimentación orienta a los estudiantes sobre sus errores y les proporciona oportunidades de mejora. Esta revisión tiene tres criterios de inclusión: 1) artículos publicados entre 2018-2022, 2) en idioma español y 3) en las bases de datos Scielo, Scopus o Web of Science. Los resultados muestran que la producción científica se ha orientado principalmente hacia seis temáticas: 1) retroalimentación por pares, 2) retroalimentación escrita, 3) estrategias de retroalimentación, 4) uso de la rúbrica en los procesos de retroalimentación, 5) retroalimentación basada en el modelo de Hattie y Timperley, y 6) análisis de experiencias de retroalimentación. Se concluye que una retroalimentación específica, que otorgue oportunidades de mejora y se enfoque en el trabajo de los estudiantes, tiene más beneficios que una retroalimentación centrada en la persona o que entrega información general respecto de una actividad y/o tarea evaluativa.

An essential part of the economic and social system is the existence of sustainable companies worldwide. Despite the fact that the literature has described different kinds of innovations, organizations, and models regarding this topic, there is a need to understand the dynamics that occur within the fourth sector and how strategies and practices are working. In this study, construction companies presenting sustainable projects are identified, and the way in which they serve the community, stakeholders, and consumers is analyzed. The present article presents an epistemological search to recognize the best practices and strategies, which allows an understanding of the new circular economy strategies in the fourth sector. The authors show a conceptual approach regarding these actions and a methodology on the most notable techniques of the Circular Economic Strategy of Chile based on an investigation of documentary and comparative data. Data collection considered perceptions of construction practices regarding the circular economy and the specificity of each situation and reflected the actual production systems. We used simple random sampling to collect data in the scope of the study. The findings show the importance of some relational elements between companies that structure construction projects, supporting the impact of discovering specific variables in the different layers of sustainable management. In addition, results show how those responsible for construction projects understand sustainability as a preference, amplify the role of various factors in the work of the cultural and social ecosystems under consideration. Finally, this article details and analyzes the channeling of innovative business models in the fourth sector.

From international and national agreements, considering the legislation in Chile, Inclusive Education requires having an in-depth understanding of theoretical, normative and legislative constructs so that the teacher can transform and innovate in the school Physical Education class. For this reason, the research question of this review is: How should the appropriation of Educational Inclusion take form for students with Special Educational Needs and living with disabilities when realized by Physical Education teachers? The keywords "Inclusion", "Educational inclusion", "Special educational needs", and "People with disabilities" were used in the Library of National Congress and the Ministry of Education (Chile). Furthermore, decrees and laws were found regulating the teaching profession in school contexts. Finally, school Physical Education teachers must work collaboratively with education professionals if they do not know how to interpret the current regulations that guide their duties. Vital points were evidenced considering the Physical Education initial training, ministerial documents and laws that would allow educational inclusion in the Physical Education and Health class. However, an appropriation of the agreements, regulations and legislation by the Physical Education teacher is even more required.