Earth and rock dams are an important part of the flood control system, and hidden dangers in such dams are a serious threat to project safety. The application of a single geophysical exploration technology is associated with multiple solutions and limitations, and research on an integrated technology is meaningful for the timely detection and management of hidden dangers in earth and rock dams. This paper summarizes the respective advantages and limitations of geophysical exploration techniques for leakage detection in dams by sorting out and analyzing their principles and application characteristics. The principles of the integrated technology are outlined, and a data analysis system for GIS-based integrated geophysical exploration is elaborated. The challenges and shortcomings of the development of integrated geophysical exploration techniques are summarized. The theoretical model of integrated geophysical exploration information fusion technology based on data fusion and joint inversion is proposed. The feasibility of establishing the theoretical model based on data fusion and joint inversion is demonstrated, providing a direction for the development and practical application of integrated geophysical exploration techniques in the field of geotechnical engineering.

To address the problem of dissolution damage during the long-term service of concrete hydraulic buildings, the concrete dissolution damage degree D and contact dissolution loss model with time were proposed by combining the results of indoor concrete dissolution tests. A mathematical model of the evolution of concrete parameters with time was developed. In the context of an underground concrete culvert project, a numerical analysis model of concrete dissolution deterioration was established, according to which the effects of different damage locations on the stress and displacement of concrete culverts were analyzed. The results show that the settlement value of the surface and the soil pore pressure value increase more when the bottom of the culvert is damaged by dissolution, and the settlement of the surface from the bottom damage is about 1.07~1.16 times of that from the top damage. When the damage position deviates from the center line of the culvert, the maximum point of vertical displacement in the transverse settlement trough of the ground surface deviates from the centerline of the culvert by about 3~5 m in the horizontal direction. At the bottom of the culvert, the concrete permeability coefficient reaches 6.957 × 10⁻⁸ m/s~8.354 × 10⁻⁸ m/s in about 13~16 years after the occurrence of dissolution damage, and local leakage occurs, causing a significant increase in the pore pressure of the soil near the leakage location. The overall settlement and uneven settlement resulting from the dual action of dissolution deterioration of concrete and infiltration pressure can have a serious impact on the upper channel buildings.