Aluminum toxicity severely inhibits root elongation and nutrient uptake, causing global agricultural yield losses. Dissolved Al³⁺ are accumulating in plants and subsequently entering food chains via crops and forage plants. Chronic dietary exposure to Al³⁺ poses a risk to human health. In this study, Pseudomonas sp. strain ADAl3–4, isolated from plant rhizosphere soil, significantly enhanced plant development and biomass. Phenotypic validation using Arabidopsis mutants showed that strain ADAl3–4 regulates plant growth and development under aluminum stress by reprogramming the cell cycle, regulating auxin and ion homeostasis, and enhancing the root absorption of Al³⁺ from the soil. Transcriptomic and biochemical analyses showed that strain ADAl3–4 promotes plant growth via regulating signal transduction, phytohormone biosynthesis, flavonoid biosynthesis, and antioxidant capacity, etc., under aluminum stress. Our findings indicate that Pseudomonas sp. strain ADAl3–4 enhances plant development and stress resilience under Al³⁺ toxicity through a coordinated multi-dimensional regulatory network. Furthermore, strain ADAl3–4 promoted the root absorption of aluminum rather than the transportation of Al to the aerial part, endowing it with application prospects.