Objective: This article aims to describe a systematic method for tooth color reproduction with ceramics restorations employing artificial intelligence (AI) software named Matisse. It provides a comprehensive analysis of the entire process, beginning with shade‐taking and extending to ceramic application in a complex clinical case in the anterior region—specifically, a single central restoration supported by an implant.Clinical Considerations: The clinical case presented highlights the potential of Matisse software for generating ceramic (inSync‐Jensen Dental, USA) and staining (Miyo‐Jensen Dental, USA) recipes over a zirconia abutment (Katana‐Noritake Dental, Japan). This approach achieves an optimal single central restoration utilizing CAD‐CAM and layering techniques.Conclusions: The systematic method employing the Matisse software achieved accurate color reproduction for a single central restoration supported by an implant. This result was achieved by the dental ceramist within the first attempt and without seeing the patient in the entire process.Clinical Significance: The Matisse AI‐assisted protocol offers a systematic and scientifically grounded method for color reproduction in dentistry for indirect restorations.

Cardoso BS, et al. J Adv Prosthodont. 2024 Apr;16(2):126-138. https://doi.org/10.4047/jap.2024.16.2.126

Objective: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the influence of the type of scanner and scanning direction on the accuracy of the final cast. Material and Methods: A partial master cast was used as a reference. A total of 128 scans were obtained and divided into two groups: the conventional method and the digital method. The digital group was divided into three groups: TRIOS 3, Omnicam and CS 3600. Each of these groups was subdivided according to the scanning direction, and each scan was overlaid on the digital reference cast to measure the trueness and precision of the procedures. Results: The overall precision values for the type of impression were 59.89 ± 13.08 mm for conventional and 13.42 ± 4.28 mm for digital; the values for trueness were 49.37 ± 19.13 mm for conventional and 53.53 ± 4.97 mm for digital; the scanning direction trueness values were 53.05 ± 4.36 mm for continuous and 54.03 ± 5.52 mm for segmented; and the precision values were 14.18 ± 4.67 mm for continuous and 12.67 ± 3.75 mm for segmented (p> 0.05). For the scanner type, the trueness values were 50.06 ± 2.65 mm for Trios 3, 57.45 ± 4.63 mm for Omnicam, and 52.57 ± 4.65 mm for Carestream; and those for precision were 11.7 ± 2.07 mm for Trios 3, 10.09 ± 2.24 mm for Omnicam, and 18.49 ± 2.42 mm for Carestream (p <0.05). Conclusions: The digital impression method is the most favorable method regarding precision; in terms of trueness, there are no differences between the types of impressions. KEYWORDS Conventional impression; Intra oral impression; Accuracy; Trueness.

In recent years, hydroxyapatite, as a ceramic material, has been a subject of growing interest due to its optimal biological properties, which are useful especially in medical and dental applications. It has been increasingly used in dentistry as a filler in composites. Nevertheless, research has shown a deterioration of their mechanical properties. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of the content of hydroxyapatite together with fluorine and silver on the mechanical properties of a hybrid composite used in conservative dentistry. The authors compared specimens of commercial hybrid composite with specimens of experimental hybrid composite containing 2 wt% and 5 wt% of hydroxyapatite powder with fluorine and silver. The composite specimens were subjected to hardness and impact strength measurements, as well as bending, compression, and tribological wear tests. The research results indicate that the mechanical properties of composites are influenced by the type and amount of filler used. Composite containing 2 wt% of hydroxyapatite powder along with calcium fluoride and silver provided acceptable results.

The aim of this study was to assess the mechanical properties of experimental flow composites incorporating remineralizing and bactericidal fillers (hydroxyapatite (HAp), calcium fluoride, and nanosilver). The evaluated properties included wear resistance, dynamic properties (impact strength), hardness, and static strength (compressive and bending strength). This work includes SEM analysis. The specimens were prepared using a commercial light-cured composite material based on bisphenol A-glycidyl dimethacrylate (Bis-GMA) (Arkona Flow Art, Niemce, Poland) and composite material modified by adding 2 wt%, 5 wt% of hydroxyapatite powder containing fluoride (calcium fluoride), and nanosilver. For this purpose, hydroxyapatite (HAp) with a grain size of 30 μm, which was previously synthesized using the wet method, was used. The results were evaluated against the ISO 4049 standard. The results were subjected to statistical analysis using IBM SPSS Statistics, version 29 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY, USA). A significance level of 5% (α = 0.05) was established. Based on the hardness measurements obtained in this study, it can be concluded that the incorporation of hydroxyapatite, calcium fluoride, and nanosilver fillers increased the hardness of the flowable composites (89 ShD). The results revealed that incorporating fillers such as hydroxyapatite, nanosilver, and calcium fluoride led to a decrease in the impact strength of the material (0.095 J/cm²). The results of the compressive strength tests revealed that the flowable composite containing 2 wt% of HAp, F, and Ag exhibited the highest compressive strength (190 MPa) among all of the tested materials. Among the experimental composites, the highest bending strength was observed in the variant containing 2 wt% of HAp, F, and Ag, with a value of 76.48 MPa. Significantly higher wear was observed for the composite containing nanosilver filler (4.02 × 10⁻⁴ Mm³/Nm) compared to the other composites. However, the inclusion of nanosilver as a filler in the composite matrix was found to significantly deteriorate the mechanical properties of the material.

The current process for creating zirconia reconstructions for teeth is time-consuming, expensive, and results in tool wear and raw material waste. An alternative method, near-net shape additive manufacturing capable of producing samples with color gradient is presented as an innovative and more efficient solution. A low-cost robocasting system, which enabled the co-extrusion of two different ceramic inks, was designed and developed. Moreover, hydrogel-based ceramic inks, with rheological properties suitable for the present system, containing commercially available Yttria-stabilized zirconia (white and yellow) powders, were produced. Parts of different color shades and color gradients, with a high aspect ratio and good green body stability, were printed. In addition, precise color measurements were carried out, and co-extruded parts were compared with ultraviolet-C photofunctionalized parts. High fractions of binder in green bodies caused distortions in the samples during air drying and upon sintering. Debinding and sintering at 1500°C yielded parts of relatively low density (4.90–5.09 g/cm ³ ) and hardness (500 HV10–1100 HV10). A slightly different sintering behavior was observed for parts of different compositions. Density and hardness increased with the fraction of iron oxide-containing ink.