Introduction: This study aims to provide practical insights into developing intervention strategies to enhance organizational effectiveness in Korean youth physical education facilities. Specifically, it investigates the interactive effects of resilience and emotional leadership on job satisfaction and organizational commitment.Methods: To address this aim, data were collected from 205 physical education instructors employed at Korean youth physical education facilities in 2024. The data were analyzed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM).Results: The analysis revealed a statistically significant interaction effect between resilience and the personal competency dimension of emotional leadership on job satisfaction.Discussion: These findings provide a theoretical foundation for understanding the dynamic interaction between emotional leadership and resilience. Additionally, the results offer practical implications for developing effective human resource management strategies tailored to the unique organizational environment of Korean youth physical education facilities.

This study examines residents' attitudes toward marine sports tourism in the post-COVID-19 era, focusing on the mediating effect of tourism acceptance and the moderating effect of place identity. Data were collected from 231 residents who had lived in marine sports tourism destinations in South Korea for more than 5 years. The results revealed that residents' tourism knowledge and perceptions positively influenced their tourism attitudes. Tourism acceptance demonstrated a significant mediating effect between residents' tourism knowledge, destination perception, and tourism attitudes. Furthermore, place identity exhibited a positive moderating effect on these relationships. The findings suggest that for sustainable development of marine sports tourism destinations, it is essential to establish customized tourism development policies that consider residents' levels of tourism knowledge while emphasizing positive impacts and minimizing negative impacts. Additionally, measures to enhance residents' tourism acceptance and implement policies that consider place identity during the tourism development process are necessary. This study provides valuable insights for marine sports tourism destination managers in promoting sustainable tourism through effective communication with local residents. Future research recommendations include conducting qualitative interviews with residents, implementing pilot studies, and regularly evaluating residents' attitudes as the COVID-19 situation evolves.

Introduction: Amid growing concerns about environmental sustainability, the sports and leisure industry has seen increased interest in green management practices. However, few empirical studies have explored how such practices influence consumer behavior in golf clubs. This study addresses that gap by examining how eco-friendly management affects golfers’ behavioral intention to revisit. Specifically, the study investigates the mediating roles of green image and perceived quality, and the moderating effect of green marketing in this relationship.Methods: To empirically test the proposed model, data were gathered from 252 South Korean golfers using structured field surveys. The questionnaire measured five constructs: eco-friendly management, green image, perceived service quality, green marketing exposure, and behavioral intention. Analytical methods included frequency analysis, confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) to test construct validity, reliability testing (Cronbach’s α), descriptive statistics, and Pearson’s correlation. To test mediation and moderation effects, regression-based analyses were conducted using Hayes’ (2013) PROCESS macro.Results: The statistical findings revealed three key insights. First, green image fully mediated the effect of eco-friendly management on behavioral intention, implying that consumers’ perception of the club’s environmental responsibility significantly influences their revisit decisions. Second, perceived quality also acted as a full mediator, indicating that environmental initiatives enhance service evaluations, thereby affecting loyalty behavior. Third, green marketing moderated the relationship between eco-friendly management and green image, suggesting that when marketing efforts are more active and visible, the positive impact on green image is amplified.Discussion: This research offers valuable contributions to the literature on environmental psychology and sustainable service management. It uncovers the psychological mechanisms—specifically green image and perceived quality—through which eco-friendly practices influence consumer behavior. Moreover, it highlights the role of green marketing in shaping environmental perceptions. For golf clubs aiming to enhance customer retention, this study suggests that sustainability initiatives must be effectively communicated and designed to improve both image and service quality. The results underscore the strategic importance of aligning operational greening with targeted environmental messaging.

Introduction: This cross-sectional study examines whether differences in social-face sensitivity and conspicuous consumption tendencies emerge among South Korean Generation Z sports consumers according to their propensity for impulse buying. While prior research has examined these constructs independently, their integration within digitally mediated sports consumption contexts remains limited. Drawing upon impulse-buying theory and social-face theory, this study investigates whether dispositional impulse-buying propensity is systematically associated with socially evaluative sensitivity and identity-expressive consumption orientations. Methods: Data were collected from 234 South Korean Gen Z consumers and analyzed using one-way MANOVA. Results: Results indicated that the high impulse-buying group scored significantly higher in public self-consciousness, social self-shaming tendency, and all sub-factors of conspicuous consumption, whereas no significant difference was found in social formality. Discussion: These findings suggest statistically significant group-based associations between impulse-buying propensity and both face-related sensitivity and conspicuous consumption orientations within the collectivist cultural context of South Korea. By positioning impulse-buying propensity as a dispositional segmentation variable linked to socially visible consumption patterns, this study contributes to the theoretical integration of impulse-buying and social-face perspectives in sports marketing research. However, given the cross-sectional design, the findings should be interpreted as relational rather than causal.

This study examines the differences in sports learning among Generation Z based on digital literacy, using the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) and Media Richness Theory (MRT). As non-face-to-face sports learning—including online lectures, remote coaching, and virtual reality—rapidly expands, digital literacy has become a key factor influencing learning outcomes and equity. Data were collected from Generation Z adults engaged in sports learning through platforms including YouTube, social networking services, online lecture platforms, and mobile applications. Participants were classified into low (n = 87)-, medium (n = 80)-, and high (n = 70)-digital-literacy groups. A 32-item questionnaire adapted from prior studies assessed digital literacy (4 items), four UTAUT constructs (performance expectancy, effort expectancy, social influence, and facilitating conditions; 16 items), and three media richness dimensions (multiple channels, immediacy of feedback, and personalness; 12 items). Confirmatory factor analysis demonstrated acceptable model fit (χ² = 779.013, df = 436, p < 0.001, NFI = 0.914, IFI = 0.960, TLI = 0.954, CFI = 0.960, SRMR = 0.037, RMSEA = 0.058), reliability (all ω and α > 0.70), and convergent/discriminant validity (all AVE > 0.50; C.R. > 0.70). Group comparisons indicated that higher digital literacy was linked to higher scores in technology acceptance and media richness perceptions (F = 40.364–64.150, p < 0.001, ηp² = 0.257–0.354) These findings indicate that intra-generational differences in digital literacy shape technology use and media experience in sports learning, highlighting the need to enhance media richness and systematically develop learners’ digital literacy to improve digital sports education’s effectiveness and equity. But causal inferences are limited by the cross-sectional design.

Based on an extended Theory of Planned Behavior (ETPB), this study investigated how perceived social sustainability shaped individuals’ intentions to use fitness facilities. Specifically, it examined the moderating role of social sustainability in the relationships between key TPB determinants and fitness facility use intention. Survey data were collected from 195 adults living in metropolitan areas and were analyzed using partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM). The results revealed that perceived social sustainability exerted a dual moderating influence on intention formation by strengthening the effect of subjective norm while attenuating the effect of perceived behavioral control on use intention. Higher levels of perceived social sustainability (SS) strengthened the relationship between subjective norm (SN) and fitness facility use intention with a medium effect size, while attenuating the relationship between perceived behavioral control (PBC) and use intention with a small effect size. In contrast, no significant moderating effect was observed in the relationship between attitude and use intention. These findings suggest that value-oriented considerations related to social responsibility and community well-being enhanced socially driven motivations while reducing the relative influence of control-based factors. By demonstrating the conditional effects of perceived social sustainability within the TPB framework, this study extended existing research on health-related behavioral intentions. The findings further highlight the importance of incorporating community-oriented and socially responsible practices into fitness facility management to foster sustainable user engagement.