The purpose of this study was to compare whole factors of emotional and behavioral problems between children with and without developmental coordination disorder (DCD) and investigate the interrelationship between motor coordination skills and emotional and behavioral problems among the children. As a result of screening participants (288 children) based on DSM-5 standard, participants were classified as DCD and typically developing (TD) groups. A total of 60 children (mean age: 8.8 years ± 3.5 months; DCD group n = 30, TD group n = 30) were assessed using the Korean Behavior Assessment System for Children, Second Edition for emotional and behavioral problems. Children with DCD showed significantly poor scores in internalizing problems (p = 0.009), inattention/hyperactivity (p = 0.004), and emotional symptoms index (p = 0.001) among the criteria of emotional problems and in personal adjustment (p = 0.000) among the criteria of behavioral problems. The MABC-2 composite percentile score of participants showed a significant correlation with internalizing problem behavior (r = −0.382, p = 0.003), inattention / hyperactivity disorder (r = −0.409, p = 0.001), emotional symptoms index (r = −0.483, p = 0.000), and personal adjustment (r = 0.474, p < 0.01). Our results validated that children with DCD have more emotional and behavioral difficulties than TD children. Our results revealed that the motor coordination skills have correlated with emotional and behavioral difficulties among children.

This study aimed to analyze colorectal polyp prevalence associated with health behavior. Data from 1180 Korean men (young adult (YA), aged 40–49; middle age (MA) aged 50–59; old aged (OA), aged 60–79 years) were collected. Health behavior included alcohol consumption, smoking status, and obesity. Obesity was determined using body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC). Odds ratio (OR) was calculated by logistic regression. The prevalence of polyps increased for current smokers by 2.642 times in the YA group, 3.468 times in the MA group, and 3.104 times in the OA group compared to the never-smokers. The OR for WC increased in subjects with obesity by 1.514 in the MA and 1.451 in the OA group compared to normal. The prevalence of three or more polyps increased with WC obesity by 2.3 times in YA, 2.2 times in MA, and 1.9 times in OA compared to normal WC. Therefore, smoking cessation and obesity management may reduce the risk of colorectal polyps.

Background and objectiveTo analyze the body composition, anaerobic power, and fatigue in high school soccer players resulting from very short-term, high-intensity interval training (HIIT) for 3 weeks during off season. MethodsForty-four high school soccer players, with a mean age of 17.2 ± 1.0 years, were included in the study. The sample consisted of a single group, and the tests measured body composition using the impedance method, anaerobic power using a Wingate cycle ergometer, and strength with an isokinetic device. The training was carried out 5 days/week over a 3-week period for a total of 15 sessions. Training included stretching and warming up, sprint anaerobic cycle training, and running HIIT such as sidestep, zigzag run, ladder run, box jump, and plyometrics. ResultsPost-training muscle mass (+2.0%, p < 0.001) and fat ratio (−12.7%, p < 0.001) improved significantly compared to pre-training observations. However, bodyweight and body mass index (BMI) did not change significantly. The Wingate test, measuring peak power in three and five sets showed greater improvement compared to the initial test (+10.7% and +19.0% respectively). A significant decrease was observed for fatigue in three and five sets (−8.5% and −12.4% respectively). The isokinetic strength test showed significant differences in flexion(+8.5%, p = 0.002) and extension (+9.4%, p < 0.001) at 60°/s. ConclusionShort-term HIIT can improve fatigue rate, anaerobic power, and muscle strength of athletes as well as increase their muscle mass.

The risk of developing low muscle strength and muscle mass is affected by aging, osteopenia, and osteoporosis and increases with age. The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence and cutoff values for osteoporosis and osteopenia according to the level of grip strength and muscle mass associated with sarcopenia. A cross-sectional study was conducted, and data from 734 women aged from 60 to 79 years old who visited the healthcare center from 2016 to 2019 were analyzed. Bone mineral density was measured on the lumbar spine from 1–4 using dual X-ray absorptiometry. Osteopenia and osteoporosis were classified on the basis of a T-score ranging from −1.0 to −2.4 and under −2.5, respectively. The diagnostic criteria for sarcopenia were a grip strength of <18 kg and muscle mass of <5.7 kg/m² according to the Asian Working Group of Sarcopenia. Logistic regression analysis was used to determine the odds ratio, and the receiver operating characteristic curve was applied for the cutoff values. There were 351 (47.8%) patients with osteopenia and 152 (20.7%) patients with osteoporosis. The prevalence of osteopenia increased 1.593 times in the lowest grip strength group and 1.810 times in the lowest muscle mass group (p < 0.05). For osteoporosis, the lowest grip strength increased 2.512 times and the lowest muscle mass increased 2.875 times, compared to the highest grip strength group. In the sarcopenia group, osteopenia increased 2.451 times and osteoporosis increased 3.137 times, compared to the non-sarcopenia group (p < 0.05). In conclusion, the prevalence of osteoporosis and osteopenia was increased in elderly women with low grip strength and muscle mass.

Background: A lack of evidence exists regarding the effects intervention has on the motor performance, including the timing ability and health-related physical fitness, of children with developmental coordination disorder (DCD). Objectives: We aimed to assess the effects of school-based intervention that improves fundamental motor skills (FMS) on the motor performance and health-related physical fitness of children with DCD. Methods: The participants were 55 children (age 8–9 years) with DCD. Children with DCD were randomly assigned to either the intervention group (n = 27) or control group (n = 28). The intervention group participated in FMS training. The control group participated in a conventional physical education class. Motor performance was evaluated before and after the intervention using the Test of Gross Motor Development, second edition; Movement Assessment Battery for Children, second edition; and the Interactive Metronome. Health-related physical fitness was assessed using the physical activity promotion system. Results: A significant difference was observed when we considered the interaction effect of the intervention and time regarding motor performance and health-related physical fitness; however, no significant difference was observed regarding body composition. Conclusions: the intervention showed significant improvements in the parameters evaluated, suggesting that a school-based intervention to improve FMS may effectively improve the motor performance and health-related physical fitness of children with DCD.