Introduction: The purpose of this research was to develop a smart helmet, including emphasizing the AI integration and the device’s role in enhancing road safety with a mechanism that stimulates the driver to recognize which vehicle is approaching and the speed levels of the vehicle while it is moving, and to assess the satisfaction and feasibility of drivers while using the smart helmet. Methods: This study included 139 participants who were general people in Thailand. The research model consists of four research and development steps: research, design and development, implementation, and evaluation. The questionnaires included general information, satisfaction, and feasibility of using a smart helmet. Results: The study showed that males had a greater number of participants (63.31%), aged between 21 and 40 years (64.03%), higher education (73.38%), and most of the participants were university students (90.64%). Overall, satisfaction with using smart helmets was high (mean = 4.20, SD = 0.83), and the overall possibility of using smart helmets was very high (mean = 4.33, SD = 0.75). Conclusion: The participants’ reflections indicated that smart helmets can be a possibility for further development and are highly feasible practical application devices. Moreover, the smart helmet is beneficial to riders in terms of warning functions to prevent and monitor accidents. Nurses and health care providers may use these results to develop programs or devices that can encourage people to be aware of harm on the road while riding motorcycles.

Background: Chest injuries are a leading cause of death and disability, accounting for 10% of hospital admissions and 25% of injury-related deaths. About two-thirds of patients with thoracic injuries experience complications such as blood or air in the pleural space, causing lung deflation and poor gas exchange. Proper breathing management, using tools like incentive spirometers, improves lung function and recovery. However, there is a gap in mobile-based gaming apps designed for lung exercise, which could benefit both the general population and patients recovering from lung injuries. Objective: This research aimed to develop and evaluate a mobile app game for practicing lung exercises, accompanied by a prototype device called the Pulmo device. Methods: The study involved a sample group of 110 participants from the general public. It followed a research and development methodology comprising 4 steps. The research instruments included a mobile app game, a prototype lung exercise device, and questionnaires to assess users’ satisfaction and the feasibility of both the app and the device. Results: The findings revealed that the participants demonstrated a high level of overall satisfaction with both the mobile app game and the prototype lung exercise device (mean 4.4, SD 0.4). The feasibility for the mobile app game and the prototype lung exercise device connected to the game was evaluated. The results indicated that the sample group perceived the overall feasibility to be at a high level (mean 4.4, SD 0.5). Conclusions: The research results reflected that the sample group believed the mobile app game for practicing lung exercises and the prototype device developed in this project have a high potential for practical application in promoting lung rehabilitation through gameplay. The mobile app game and the Pulmo device prototype received positive user feedback, indicating potential practical use; however, further validation is required among patients in need of pulmonary rehabilitation.

This study uses a predictive correlational research design. This study aims to analyze the predictability of three common factors: training experience, health literacy, and perception of self-efficacy in tuberculosis (TB) prevention on prevention behaviors in the community of the village health volunteers (VHVs). The samples were obtained from the convenience sampling method. The sample size was determined using the power analysis method and qualified according to the inclusion criteria for a total of 100 people. Data were collected using questionnaires. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson product-moment correlation, and multiple regression analysis. The study revealed that all three factors could predict TB prevention behaviors in the community VHVs in Udon Thani province by 8.8% (R2 = .088, F(3) = 3.070). Only one variable was able to predict TB prevention behavior in the community with statistical significance. Factors of self-efficacy in TB prevention were statistically predictive of TB prevention behavior in the community (β = .244, p < .05). The findings suggest that government officials involved in the development of VHVs’ capacity should encourage VHVs to recognize their potential and competence in TB prevention, as well as develop health literacy on TB prevention, support TB surveillance training policies, prevention, and control.

Introduction: The Thai government has established public health policies to cope with COVID-19 and reduce the spread of disease by promulgating the Emergency Decree since March 26th 2019 in concept “stay at home, stop the spread of the virus for the sake of nation.” Those measures had been affected to people in all social levels whether it be urban or rural. The objective of this qualitative study was aimed to study the mechanisms and experiences of village health volunteers who work to control COVID-19 at the community level. Method: Forty village health volunteers in the 8th health region were included in the study. Data collection by using focus group discussion combined with audio recordings and the data were analyzed by content analysis. Results: The community’s context in the upper northeastern region of Thailand live in kinship. This is a factor supporting the operation of village health volunteers (VHVs) in the surveillance, prevention, and control of disease in the community. The mechanisms for disease prevention and control in the community are a virtual "Spider web" that connects people in the community, VHVs, Community Leaders, Public Health Officers, and Sub-district Administrative Organization (SAO) officers that operate together. While people in the community, especially "women", act in surveillance in the form of "watchdogs" that report abnormalities of community member movements to the VHV for coordination in surveillance, prevention, and control of disease in their community. The VHV and partners use management guidelines as prescribed by the Ministry of Public Health and adapted to the social and cultural context. Conclusion: The community's COVID-19 surveillance mechanism that mediates kinship begins with fear and panic from a lack of knowledge in the early stages of the outbreak. The kinship of people in the community is one of the strengths and factors of success in preventing and controlling the disease.

A comprehensive understanding of the experiences of road traffic accident survivors remains limited, especially regarding their recovery processes and the ongoing challenges following injury. The impacts affect physical, psychological, and occupational aspects, making it difficult to return to their former way of living, while also leading to consequences that render survivors a burden to their families. The study aimed to 1) describe the adaptive perspectives of adult road traffic accident survivors in Northeast Thailand and 2) explore the caregiving roles and forms of support provided by spousal caregivers and healthcare team members of road traffic accident survivors. A qualitative descriptive study was conducted. In-depth interviews were conducted from November 2024 to July 2025 with 23 participants, including survivors, spousal caregivers, and an interdisciplinary healthcare team comprising nurses, physicians, physiotherapists, and social workers, representing diverse professional roles in the care and support of survivors. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis. Four key themes were identified: 1) Acceptance, belonging, and resilience; 2) Overcoming burden through the pursuit of independence; 3) Spousal encouragement for strength and healing; and 4) Acceptance, hope, and practical support as facilitators of adaptation. The study advances understanding of the adaptive journey of road traffic accident survivors, highlighting the development of acceptance, a sense of belonging, and resilience. Spousal caregivers and interdisciplinary healthcare teams, including nurses, play a central role in supporting survivors through coordinated, culturally sensitive, and family-oriented care, through sustained engagement, psychosocial support, and effective interdisciplinary communication.

A proportion of COVID-19 pneumonia patients develop respiratory failure despite tocilizumab administration. This retrospective cohort study aimed to identify prognostic factors associated with progressive respiratory failure within 14 days among patients with severe COVID-19 pneumonia treated with Tocilizumab and to describe treatment outcomes. Patients with severe COVID-19 pneumonia were assessed, and their demographic, clinical, laboratory data, and prior treatment were collected on the day of tocilizumab administration. A multivariable Cox proportional hazard model was employed to identify prognostic factors. Of the 109 patients, 32 (29.4%) progressed to respiratory failure. We identified the following independent prognostic factors for progressive respiratory failure: pulse oximetry saturation to fraction of inspired oxygen ratio (SpO₂/FiO₂) ≤ 160 (HR 2.97, 95% CI 1.41–6.23, P = 0.004), estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) < 60 mL/min/1.73m² (HR 3.21, 95% CI 1.23–8.39, P = 0.017), and serum potassium ≤ 4 mmol/L (HR 2.82, 95% CI 1.38–5.80, P = 0.005). A predictive model based on these factors effectively stratified the risk of progressive respiratory failure (area under the curve = 0.72, 95% CI 0.63–0.80). Patients experiencing progressive respiratory failure had poor clinical outcomes, with a mortality rate of 62.5%, compared to 0.0% in the non-respiratory failure group (p < 0.001). In severe COVID-19 pneumonia patients treated with Tocilizumab, low SpO₂/FiO₂ ratio, low eGFR, and relatively low serum potassium were independent predictors for progressive respiratory failure. This simple clinical score may help identify high-risk patients early, though external validation is required before routine implementation.