Nosocomial infections affect implanted medical devices and greatly challenge their functional outcomes, becoming sometimes life threatening for the patients. Therefore, aggressive antibiotic therapies are administered, which often require the use of last‐resort drugs, if the infection is caused by multi‐drug‐resistant bacteria. Reducing the risk of bacterial contamination of medical devices in the hospitals has thus become an emerging issue. Promising routes to control these infections are based on materials provided with intrinsic bactericidal properties (i.e., chemical action) and on the design of surface coatings able to limit bacteria adhesion and fouling phenomena (i.e., physical action), thus preventing bacterial biofilm formation. Here, we report the development and validation of coatings made of layer‐by‐layer deposition of electrospun poly(vinylidene fluoride‐co‐trifluoro ethylene) P(VDF‐TrFE) fibers with controlled orientations, which ultimately gave rise to antifouling surfaces. The obtained 10‐layer surface morphology with 90° orientation fibers was able to efficiently prevent the adhesion of bacteria, by establishing a superhydrophobic‐like behavior compatible with the Cassie‐Baxter regimen. Moreover, the results highlighted that surface wettability and bacteria adhesion could be controlled using fibers with diameter comparable to bacteria size (i.e., achievable via electrospinning process), by tuning the intra‐fiber spacing, with relevant implications in the future design of biomedical surface coatings.

Additive manufacturing (AM) is rapidly advancing, particularly in biomedical applications, necessitating a deeper understanding of the mechanical behavior of 3D-printed materials. Structures created using fused deposition modeling (FDM) exhibit anisotropic properties due to fabrication inhomogeneity and material architecture. Finite element modeling (FEM) is commonly used to predict mechanical behavior, though studies on porous structures have not deeply investigated the influence of geometrical features on global mechanical behavior. This study aimed to correlate the mechanical properties of porous polylactic acid scaffolds with different patterns and infill densities, fabricated via AM through the synergies of experimental and computational approaches. Tensile testing and FEM simulations were conducted, revealing differences in elastic modulus and tensile strength based on infill orientation. A sensitivity analysis on the main geometrical features assessed variations in filament dimensions and layer spacing. FEM simulations showed strong agreement with experimental data, validating their predictive capability, with deviations due to minor structural defects and irregularities in the extruded filaments. This study established for the first time the influence of geometrical details on the elastic properties of porous scaffolds, opening up to new tailored design for, but not limited to, biomedical applications.