Conjunctivitis is a common pediatric problem and is broadly divided into infectious and non-infectious etiologies. Bacterial conjunctivitis makes up the majority of cases in children and often presents with purulent discharge and mattering of the eyelids. Treatment is supportive with an individual approach to antibiotic use in uncomplicated cases since it may shorten symptom duration, but is not without risks. Viral conjunctivitis is the other infectious cause and is primarily caused by adenovirus, with a burning, gritty feeling and watery discharge. Treatment is supportive. Allergic conjunctivitis is largely seasonal and presents with bilateral itching and watery discharge. Treatment can include topical lubricants, topical antihistamine agents, or systemic antihistamines. Other causes of conjunctivitis include foreign bodies and non-allergic environmental causes. Contact lens wearers should always be treated for bacterial conjunctivitis and referred to evaluate for corneal ulcers. Neonatal conjunctivitis requires special care with unique pathogens and considerations. This review covers essential information for the primary care pediatric provider as they assess cases of conjunctivitis.

Kaposiform hemangioendothelioma (KHE) is a rare vascular tumor that typically presents in infancy and may be associated with the Kasabach–Merritt phenomenon (KMP). We present a challenging case of multifocal KHE on the leg of an infant, initially suspected at birth to be a reticulate port wine birthmark. Skin biopsy and imaging supported the rare diagnosis of multifocal KHE. Complicated by KMP, he was started on sirolimus monotherapy with significant improvement in his widespread disease.

Irritant diaper dermatitis (IDD) is frequently observed in neonatal intensive care units and is often exacerbated by chronic loose stools. Despite standard treatments, erosive or persistent IDD remains challenging to manage. We introduced pureed green beans into enteral feeds as a source of fiber to improve stool consistency and reduce skin breakdown. This intervention has been highly effective as an easy‐to‐use and safe non‐topical intervention for treating IDD.

A 16-year-old girl with autism spectrum disorder and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) presented to the paediatric dermatology clinic with a 2-day history of worsening blisters on the dorsum of her hands bilaterally. This started while she was at her family’s cabin, where she played in the sand and swam in a lake that treated for an unknown invasive species one week prior. The next day, she noted a single erythematous patch on her dorsal right hand, which worsened the following day with multiple evolving bullae on both hands. She was seen at a walk-in clinic, where she was started on triamcinolone 0.1% ointment, which did not seem to help her symptoms significantly. She presented to the paediatric dermatology clinic in significant pain with worsening bullae and vesicles. Physical examination revealed multiple erythematous, well-demarcated shiny, indurated plaques on the bilateral dorsal hands with interspersed vesicles and bullae ( Figure 1). A further piece of history suggested the underlying diagnosis.